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It has recently been shown that synaptic transmission delays enhance the computational capabilities of spiking neural networks. In this manuscript, the authors introduce an exact, event-based training method for various types of delays and benchmark it on mixed-signal neuromorphic hardware.

SemanticLens is a tool that embeds artificial intelligence model components (such as neurons) into a searchable, human-understandable space. This enables automated auditing, validation of decisions and detection of problematic behaviours with minimal human oversight.

A temporal-signal processor based on two in-materia computing hardware platforms—reconfigurable nonlinear-processing units (RNPUs) and analogue in-memory computing (AIMC)—is used for both feature extraction and classification, advancing compactness, efficiency, and performance of heterogeneous smart edge devices.

Huang et al. demonstrate an electrically controlled Fe–FePc molecular spin switch that reversibly changes its magnetic state and shifts a nearby spin’s resonance, showing potential of scalable, electrically tunable molecular quantum devices.

Leveraging in-memory computing with emerging gain-cell devices, the authors accelerate attention—a core mechanism in large language models. They train a 1.5-billion-parameter model, achieving up to a 70,000-fold reduction in energy consumption and a 100-fold speed-up compared with GPUs.

Here the authors apply machine learning approaches to Alzheimer’s genetics, confirm known associations and suggest novel risk loci. These methods demonstrate predictive power comparable to traditional approaches, while also offering potential new insights beyond standard genetic analyses.

Traditional adsorbents of microplastics are limited by their localized action and recycling processes. Here, the authors describe a buoyancy-driven hybrid hydrogel as a self-regulating shuttle, capable of transporting and degrading contaminants without external intervention.

Asymmetrical distribution of tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease is linked to asymmetrical amyloid-beta deposition, not reduced brain connectivity, suggesting regional vulnerability plays a key role in determining the distribution of tau pathology.

The nature of the dominant pairing mechanism in some two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides is still debated. Here, the authors predict that the Kohn-Luttinger mechanism induces chiral p-wave superconductivity in monolayer NbSe₂.

Modulating deep brain structure can lead to therapies for neurological conditions. Here, the authors show a transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) system featuring a 256-element helmet-shaped transducer array for modulation of the LGN and connected visual cortex regions

An analysis of the EPIC study demonstrates that dietary plant biodiversity presents benefits for human and planetary health, but adverse environmental impacts are associated with dietary animal species richness.

Species’ traits and environmental conditions determine the abundance of tree species across the globe. Here, the authors find that dominant tree species are taller and have softer wood compared to rare species and that these trait differences are more strongly associated with temperature than water availability.

The predicted increase in frequency of droughts and rising temperatures in Europe will lead core populations of a temperate plant to an evolutionary dead-end unless they acquire genetic alleles that are present only in extreme edge Mediterranean, Scandinavian, or Siberian populations.

Altermagnets, unlike their conventional collinear antiferromagnetic counterparts, allow for an anomalous Nernst response despite their collinear compensated magnetic ordering. Here, Badura et al find such an anomalous Nernst effect at zero magnetic field in the altermagnetic candidate, Mn₅Si₃.

Montoliu-Gaya, Salvadó et al. develop a blood-based model using tau biomarkers measured in a single analysis enabling biological staging of Alzheimer’s disease to support the diagnosis, prognosis and identification of patients likely to benefit from targeted therapies.

The oxygen evolution reaction proceeds over a surface that undergoes (frustrated) phase transitions to accommodate bias-dependent excess charge. Now it has been shown that this excess charge is intimately linked to the interfacial solvation of ions and the pre-organization of the transition state, providing insight into intrinsic catalyst activities.

Ca2 + -ATPases in the plasma membrane extrude Ca2+ ions from the cytosol to the extracellular space and thus terminate Ca2 + -signals and control Ca2 + -homeostasis. Here, Constantin et al. show that these pumps operate at rates of more than 5000 cycles/s.

New concepts for comparing the genomes of 27 naturally inbred Arabidopsis thaliana accessions provide essential insights into obtaining a less biased view of whole-genome polymorphism.

This Expert Recommendation provides tools to help researchers in 2D materials improve reproducibility in their work and practical guidance on how to engage constructively with funders, publishers and industry to create a stronger basis for reproducibility, transparency and trust in the field.

B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) has long been viewed as essential for plasma cell survival via APRIL-mediated signalling. Here, using two independent BCMA-deficient mouse models, the authors show that both the generation and long-term maintenance of plasma cells are unaffected by BCMA deficiency, and these plasma cells express normal levels of survival genes, thereby overturning the prevailing paradigm of the APRIL–BCMA axis as critical for plasma cell longevity.

To advance the energy transition, we must improve energy models by accurately representing hydropower. This demands political and institutional commitment to establish harmonized, authoritative databases on river flow and dam design that are currently lacking.

A major Chilean earthquake shows how two physical processes cohesively make intermediate-depth quakes bigger. This allows ruptures to extend into previously assumed stable rocks, posing a greater destructive potential than previously understood.

Climate and ice sheet processes in Antarctica increasingly reflect those observed earlier in Greenland. Applying process insights from Greenland can improve projections of future Antarctic ice and climate behaviour.

Single-agent maintenance PARP inhibition may represent an effective strategy for advanced/metastatic endometrial cancer treatment. Here this randomized phase IIb UTOLA trial evaluates the efficacy and safety of orally administered olaparib in female patients (n = 145) without progression following front-line platinum-based chemotherapy for advanced/metastatic endometrial cancer.

Molecular biomarkers of recurrence in colorectal cancer (CRC) generally cannot capture spatial information about the tumour and its microenvironment. Here, the authors develop HIBRID, a deep learning model to predict disease-free survival in CRC from histopathology whole slide images, improving risk stratification in large cohorts.

Leder et al. show that the chaperones PDIA6, Hsp70 BiP, ERdj3, PDIA1 and Hsp90 form co-condensates within the endoplasmic reticulum, enhancing folding and preventing misfolding of client proteins.

Scaffolding protein ankyrin-B, implicated in cardiometabolic syndrome, enables mitochondrial fission and flexibility of nutrient utilization under energetic stress in skeletal muscle to support energy production and optimal exercise capacity.

A review of observation-based evidence suggests that four interconnected Earth system tipping elements have moved towards their critical thresholds, highlighting the need for better monitoring and increased mitigation efforts.

Electron hopping in geometrically frustrated lattices can result in a rich variety of unusual behaviours. Now, the orbital arrangement in a van der Waals metal with a non-frustrated, primitive lattice is found to show similar effects.

Hippocampal neurons adapt to experience through changes in gene expression and chromatin accessibility. Here, authors show that novel environment exposure induces region- and cell-type specific transcriptional changes coordinated by FOS/AP-1.

Sequencing analysis of tamoxifen-associated uterine cancers and further in vivo analyses suggest that the drug tamoxifen can activate the PI3K pathway in the absence of oncogenic mutations.

Augmin is essential for microtubule nucleation during cell division. This study reveals how the conserved calponin homology domain of the augmin subunit HAUS6 binds to microtubules to orient augmin for microtubule branching.

CSF α-synuclein seed amplification assays detect Lewy body pathology accurately but are invasive and costly. Here, the authors show that a two-step workflow using smell-function prescreening maintained 94% accuracy while reducing CSF testing by 43%.

Imaging of a Devonian jawless fish reveals advanced features previously thought to be exclusive to jawed vertebrates, challenging the idea that jaws were the primary driver for the evolution of derived traits in the vertebrate body plan.

High-resolution geospatial mapping found that the annual incidence of cholera shifted from western to central and eastern Africa between 2011 and 2020, with the latter regions more likely to report cholera in 2022–2023, reflecting instability in cholera burden patterns that can impact progress in disease control.

Interact-omics, a high-throughput cytometry-based framework, resolves the cellular interaction landscape.

Bifunctional methyltransferase–cyclases both transfer a methyl group to alkenes and induce cyclization—a process called methylcyclization. Now a non-enzymatic silver(I)-mediated electrophilic methylcyclization has been reported. The reaction uses commercial reagents, is applicable to a wide range of substrates and affords structures that are difficult to access by conventional synthetic methods.

Mining is often seen as having opposing local economic and environmental effects. This study models these dynamics across Brazilian municipalities and shows that outcomes vary over time and by type of mining concession.

Urinary incontinence is highly prevalent during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. This Review provides an overview of this prevalence, discussing potential mechanisms and risk factors underlying this phenomenon. The importance of preventive measures and treatment options to ameliorate the extent and the effects of urinary incontinence during this stage of life is also highlighted.

Here, the authors show that physiological alpha-synuclein supports mitochondrial ATP homeostasis via interactions with ATP synthase and AK2, whereas its disease-linked mutants, truncated forms, and aggregates lose these interactions.

Certo, Pontarini et al. provide insight into the metabolic requirements of ectopic lymphoid structure (ELS) assembly in the context of autoimmunity, and show that blocking lactate uptake by SLC5A12 offers therapeutic benefits in a mouse model of Sjögren’s disease.

Although the number of participants is important for phenotypic prediction accuracy in brain-wide association studies using functional MRI, scanning for at least 30 min offers the greatest cost effectiveness.

The direct synthesis of uniform polycrystalline hexagonal boron nitride films facilitates complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor integration for scalable memristive electronics, showcasing transfer-free hexagonal boron nitride memristors that exhibit high yield, reliability, multistate operation and low noise.

The endurance, retention and system-level performance of memristors for memory and computation has been often misrepresented in articles that lack statistics and use non-standardized characterization and simulation protocols. Here we discuss the origin of these issues, their negative effect in the nascent memristor industry, and potential ways to mitigate them.

Previous work has realized a superconducting switch in heterostructures of superconductors and ferromagnetic insulators, but the effect has been smaller than originally predicted. Here, the authors report an absolute superconducting switch by inserting a heavy metal layer in the EuS/Nb/EuS heterostructure.

Analysis of data from multiple instruments reveals a giant exoplanet in orbit around the 0.2-solar-mass star TOI-6894. The existence of this exoplanetary system challenges assumptions about planet formation and it is an excellent target for atmospheric characterization.

Here the authors show that MUSHER lncRNA enhances Arabidopsis seed dormancy by integrating the ABA and DOG1 pathways. Chromatin retention of MUSHER and all other lncRNAs tested is mediated by U1 snRNP.

Metal-metal bonds between metal cations are ubiquitous in coordination complexes, whereas similar bonding characteristics between non-metal and metal cations are not. Here, the authors report an X-ray crystal structure of a centrosymmetric complex [Ag(m-O₃SCF₃)₂{(4MePyNO)₂I}]₂ which features two unique I⁺–Ag⁺ bonds.