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The subcommissural organ (SCO) is a gland in the brain, and relatively little is known about its function. Zhang et al. genetically ablated SCO cells and observed severe hydrocephalus and neuronal defects. The reintroduction of SCO-derived peptides into SCO-ablated brain substantially rescued developmental defects.

Balancing stretchability with electrical properties is a challenge for organic electrochemical transistors. Here, the authors develop an all-gel network structure for effective ion transport and stretchability.

NCOMMS-24-44031B Nanozymes have found wide applications in various fields, but the deviation between the working and optimal pHs of nanozymes limits their practical applications. Here, the authors report a strategy to modulate the microenvironmental pHs of metal–organic framework nanozymes, enabling them to exhibit optimal activity under neutral pH conditions.

This study demonstrated that amplified ethylene signaling impairs gravitropic growth of rice roots by affecting root cap stability and OsPIN2 polar localization, whereas mechanosensing-induced calcium signaling antagonizes ethylene signaling to safeguard gravitropism.

SERS spectroscopy critically relies on the accumulation of analyte molecules in electromagnetic ‘hotspots’. Here, the authors demonstrate plasmonic trimers with central particles that act as chemical traps, enabling the subtyping of lung tumors using fresh tissue samples.

Atomically dispersed Rh on N-doped carbon exhibits 28- and 67-fold enhancements compared with state-of-the-art Pd/C and Pt/C, despite the low activity of Rh/C. The Rh single atoms exhibit high tolerance to CO poisoning compared to Rh nanoparticles.

Driven by dynamic covalent and coordinate bonding, hierarchical components are formed in situ and assembled in an ordered manner, yielding highly crystalline supramolecular nanotubular frameworks and tubular covalent organic frameworks.

The neuron-specific RNA binding protein NOVA1 has a single amino acid substitution unique to modern humans. Here, the authors characterize the evolutional specificity and the function of the substitution. Studies using humanized NOVA1 mice reveal its specific effects on splicing and vocalization.

Nucleoli are essential cellular sites for ribosome biogenesis that are formed by liquid-liquid phase separation. Here the authors show that METTL3/METTL14 maintain nucleoli integrity through mediating SUV39H1/2 degradation in human embryonic stem cells.

A large range of inert and non-defective sites in catalysts is a primary factor impeding catalyst activity in acidic CO₂ electroreduction. Here, the authors achieve high HCOOH selectivity and activity in acidic electrolyte by introducing tensile strain to activate inert sites.

Here, the authors provide evidence that SARS-CoV-2 N protein leads to autophagic degradation of Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3, inducing DNA damage and proteotoxic stress, eventually causing pneumonia. The small-molecule drug PJ34 or anastrozole alleviates N protein-induced pneumonia.

The effects of sex and androgens on the molecular programs and cellular populations are explored using a single-cell transcriptomic atlas comprising over 2.3 million cells from different tissues in Mus musculus.

The defect-rich surface of wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells leads to severe interfacial carrier loss and phase segregation. Here, the authors reconstruct the surface through nano-polishing followed by passivation, achieving certified efficiency of 33.1% for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells.

Ammonium affects plant root development through different mechanisms than nitrate. Here, the authors show that the Arabidopsis cell wall-localized ferroxidase LPR2 is required to attenuate root growth in response to ammonium.

For bioinspired structural materials, integral preparation of multiscale structures remains challenging. The authors report a hierarchical strategy to assemble multiple micro-nano units to complex multiscale structures integrally synchronously.

Analyses of the genome sequences and expression data for two closely related mycoheterotrophic orchid species provide insights into the genomic basis underlying the evolution of mycoheterotrophy.

The evolutionary reasons for the variation in silicon concentrations across plant families remain unclear. This paper provides new evidence that silicon variation is closely linked to global and long-term climate change, suggesting temperature could have driven the evolution of plant silicification.

Monocots are one of the most diverse and dominant clades of flowering plants. Here, the authors assemble the genome of Acorus gramineus, confirm its phylogenetic position as sister to the rest of monocots and reveal the absence of tau (τ) whole-genome duplication observed in the majority of monocot clades.

Liver metastasis of colorectal cancer leads to poor prognosis. Here the authors report that an N⁶-methyladenosine modified circular RNA is upregulated in colorectal cancer and promotes liver metastasis by enhancing the stability of HMGA2 mRNA.

By tuning the plasma frequency, Yu, Gao et al. develop an industrial-scale chemical vapour deposition system for uniform nanocrystalline silicon oxide coatings, enabling 26.41% efficiency in silicon heterojunction solar cells with copper electrodes.

Activated disorder in the structure of hydrous aluminosilicates improves their thermal stability and allows more hydrogen to be incorporated into the crystal structure, impacting the deep water cycle into the lower mantle.

Biased medical artificial intelligence systems pose significant potential risks to achieving fair and equitable healthcare. Here, we demonstrate a fairer ophthalmology AI that mitigates sexism and ageism through implicit fairness learning.

A detailed understanding of metal-oxide interfaces is essential for uncovering their intrinsic properties. Here, the authors investigate the 3D atomic structure of metal-oxide interfaces in Zr-ZrO₂ nanoparticles using atomic-resolution electron tomography.

The suppressive immune microenvironment in colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis remains to be explored. Here, the authors find tumor-associated macrophages in the liver microenvironment induces elevated secretion of FGL1 from cancer cells and hepatocytes which promotes CRC metastasis by suppressing the infiltration of T cells.

The resolution of fluorescence microscopy is increased by incorporating prior information into deconvolution algorithms.

Although most patients achieve complete response after standard-of-care treatment, residual disease in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma is associated with poor prognosis. Here the authors report the results of a phase 2 trial of toripalimab (anti-PD1) plus capecitabine for patients with residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Type 2 inflammation drives the formation of pathologic mucus in patients with asthma. Here, authors reveal a role for intelectin-1 in IL-13-induced mucus properties, and that an ITLN1 eQTL is associated with protection from the formation of mucus plugs in T2-high asthma.

Reducing friction and wear in mechanical systems can lower energy consumption and material loss. Here, a green lubricant additive is introduced, free of harmful elements, that effectively minimizes friction and wear, offering a sustainable solution.

Coherent manipulation of hole-orbital states in semiconductor quantum dots is achieved through stimulated Auger processes, opening doors to new types of orbital-based solid-state quantum photonic devices.

Trans-ancestry meta-analysis of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from 1,046,070 individuals identifies 264 associated loci, providing a resource of molecular targets for translational research of chronic kidney disease.

Iron and phosphorus exist at low concentrations in surface waters and may be co-limiting resources for phytoplankton growth. Here, the authors show that phosphorus deficiency increases the growth of iron-limited cyanobacteria through a PhoB-mediated regulatory network.

A trispecific antibody targeting HER2 and T cells stimulates CD4 T cell-dependent inhibition of of breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro and tumor regression in a humanized mouse model.

It is shown that gold and several similar close-packed face-centred cubic and hexagonal metals can be vitrified, which breaks the limitation of the glass-forming ability of matter.

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association study data from 77,418 individuals of East Asian ancestry with type 2 diabetes identifies novel variants associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes.

This Perspective traces the evolution of fundamental and applied aspects of nanomotor research over the past 20 years, highlights current challenges and proposes design principles for developing the next generation of intelligent nanomotors.

Cancer cell-derived small extracellular vesicles bind to therapeutic nanoparticles leading them from tumours to the liver for degradation. This mechanism is another barrier for the development of efficient nanoparticle-based cancer therapies.

Researchers propose a new type of multiphoton entangled state and demonstrate its working principles of measurement-based quantum computation in correlation space. With four- and six-qubit states, they realize a universal set of single-qubit rotations, two-qubit entangling gates and further Deutsch's algorithm.