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The epidemic of fat-related metabolic disorders necessitates innovative therapies. Here, the authors show adipose-resident c-kit⁺ cells are crucial brown adipocyte progenitors and provide a promising way to manipulate adult brown adipose tissue for combating obesity and metabolic disorders.

A fundamental objective of genomics is to track variations in gene expression program. Here, authors developed Dyan-vivo-seq, which offers unprecedented insights into temporal RNA dynamics within intricate and dynamic biological systems at single-cell resolution.

An avian influenza H7N9 virus causes severe human disease, including acute and often lethal respiratory failure. Here, the authors report that plasma levels of angiotensin II, a regulatory peptide of the renin–angiotensin system, are associated with disease severity and fatal outcome in infected patients.

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is the main cause of hypothyroidism. Here the authors develop a deep learning model for diagnosis of HT on a large multi-site dataset including image and video data.

Abnormal accumulation of intra- and extracellular free nucleic acids contributes to the chronic inflammation driving intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Here, the authors report a nanovesicle system to inhibit mitochondrial DNA release in nucleus pulposus cells and remove extracellular DNA from the disc microenvironment to block inflammation for treatment of IVDD.

Cellular differentiation decisions, such as fates of B cells following entry into the germinal centres, are governed by epigenetically and transcriptionally regulated paths for bifurcating cell fates. Here the authors show that CFP1 is a master epigenetic regulator of activated B cells and controls their hypermutation and affinity maturation via the histone methyltransferase complex Setd1A/B.

Cryo-electron microscopy and biochemical reconstitution analysis reveals that Nde1 enhances Lis1 binding to autoinhibited dynein, promoting formation of a Phi-like–Lis1 intermediate during dynein activation.

Conventional entrapped ¹²⁹Xe with low signal intensity limits in vivo applications. Here, the authors developed a MOF-based reporter that enhances signal intensity, achieves femtomolar detection, and enables chemical shift-encoded MRI in rat lungs.

Based on numerical models and the comparison with natural settings, this study reveals that divergent mantle flow induced by lower-mantle upwelling can cause anomalous subsidence. Interaction between the upwelling and remnant blocks can extend the duration of the upwelling and focus the subsidence into a narrow region.

Pressure treatment can modify the luminescence properties of materials. Here the authors use pressure to turn nonemissive organic zinc halide perovskites bright with full color tunability, which enables robust optical anti-counterfeiting applications.

Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation is essential for cellular energy production. Here the authors show that mutations in Testis-Expressed Protein 44 (TEX44) are associated with misregulated fatty acid β-oxidation and male infertility.

Counterintuitively, the presence of water is found to improve the performance of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes.

An asymmetric self-assembled monolayer improves the efficiency of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells compared with symmetric self-assembled monolayers, resulting in a certified power conversion efficiency of up to 34.58%.

Triangulation uses at least two research methods to investigate and analyze the same research question to enhance the robustness and reproducibility of conclusions. Here, the authors demonstrate an automated approach utilizing large language models to systematically extract and quantitatively integrate causal evidence from various study designs.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Understanding past warming events is essential to project the consequences of anthropogenic carbon emissions. Here, carbon and hydrological cycle changes of the Carnian Pluvial Episode are revealed, offering insights into Earth System functioning.

The systematic ferroelectric domain control in ferroelectric CuInP₂S₆ systems has remained elusive. Herein, the authors report the efficient ferroelectric domain engineering under a unipolar electric field in CuIn₂S₆ system.

An on-eyelid soft sensor that tracks eye movements based on the magnetoelastic effect can be used to continuously monitor and quantitatively assess levels of fatigue.

An industry-compatible disorder-to-disorder synthesis produces wafer-scale, ultraclean monolayer amorphous carbon in seconds that can be used as a membrane for generating high-precision proton beams.

A novel covalent inhibitor, ISM3312, targets the main protease of multiple human coronaviruses, including drug-resistant strains, and shows broad antiviral activity. It offers a promising therapeutic strategy against current and future coronavirus threats.

PandemicLLM adapts the large language model to predict disease trends by converting diverse disease-relevant data into text. It responds to new variants in real time, offering robust, interpretable forecasts for effective public health responses.

How tree diversity effects on ecosystem functioning vary along climatic gradients is unclear. Here, analysing data from 15 experimental forest sites, the authors show that tree growth responses to neighbourhood species diversity are stronger in wetter climates but are unaffected by interannual climatic variation within sites.

In this multicenter phase 1 trial, treatment with IBI343, a CLDN18.2-targeting antibody–drug conjugate, was safe and showed encouraging clinical responses in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.

This work introduces roll-to-roll fluidics, a method that enhances reagent efficiency and reduces turnaround time, enabling rapid and economical next-generation sequencing.

The performance of devices based on fully non-fused ring electron acceptors has been limited due to the low acceptor crystallinity. Here, authors report these acceptors with peripheral substituents that guarantee the planarity of the skeleton, achieving efficiency of 18.04% in organic solar cells.

Nonlinear transport effects arising from the quantum metric have been reported in topological magnets at low temperatures. Here, the authors demonstrate a second-harmonic transport response in TbMn₆Sn₆ at room temperature, attributed to the quantum metric and controllable via an applied magnetic field.

Covalent organic frameworks (COF) are an important desalination membrane material but rational design of the hierarchical structures of nanochannels remains challenging. Here the authors fabricate a COF membrane with hourglass-shaped nanochannels by installing aminocyclodextrin nanoparticles onto the mouth of COF membrane via sequential assembly.

Going from model development to a pilot implementation study, a deep learning model shows that acute aortic syndrome can be diagnosed directly from noncontrast CT, increasing accuracy and decreasing time to diagnosis.

This study shows that Galectin-3 promotes wound healing by binding to and undergoing phase separation with integrin α5β1, a process disrupted by AGEs in pre-clinical models of diabetes. Topical Galectin-3 restored healing in synergy with insulin.

The design and assembly of interlocked supramolecular cages is of interest due to their exquisite topological configuration and excellent performance in a variety of applications. Here, the authors synthesize interlocked cages from half-sandwich rhodium building blocks and prepare membranes for applications in photothermal seawater desalination.

Metal-driven anaerobic oxidation of methane and methanogenesis, mediated by a diverse microbial community, drove iron-mineral transformation and may have aided ice sheet melting, according to analysis of Sturtian iron formations from South China

DeepRETStroke is a deep learning system using retinal photographs to detect silent brain infarction and predict future stroke events.

A cost-effective all-in-one halide cathode material with high energy density and exceptional cycling stability can be used to achieve energy-dense, durable cathodes for the next generation of all-solid-state batteries.

While the ligand coordination microenvironment surrounding catalytic centres influences reactivity, dynamic oxygen reconstruction during water oxidation electrocatalysis complicates structure-based mechanistic insights. Now the in situ formation of lattice O–O ligands has been shown to activate Fe centres in metal oxides and hydroxides, thereby enhancing their oxygen evolution reaction activity.

Lu and colleagues show that signaling through the lactate receptor HCAR1 in colorectal tumor cells promotes the recruitment of immunosuppressive CCR2⁺ PMN-MDSCs and that inhibition of HCAR1 by reserpine augments the CD8⁺ T cell-mediated antitumor immune response.

Thermodynamics typically favour the formation of crystals with flat facets. Here, the authors report an approach for the synthesis of curved boundaries in titania single crystals, composed of high index microfacets.

The mechanisms involved in the formation of the premetastatic niche in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are not completely elucidated. Here, the authors show that matrix stiffness in HCC induces cancer-exosome release which increases glucose availability in the lung premetastatic niche favouring metastasis formation and growing.

The transition to clean energy requires the expansion of solar photovoltaic systems, which often compete with other land uses. Now a study explores the potential benefits of solar installations in open-pit mines around the world.

Nonheme Fe enzymes with open coordination sites hold the potential for advancing new-to-nature reactions. Here a plant-derived nonheme Fe enzyme, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase, is evolved and repurposed to catalyze 1,3-nitrogen migration reactions, enabling the enantioselective synthesis of noncanonical amino acids.

Zhao, Yang et al. used UK Biobank data to examine the role of lifestyle factors in depression. They conducted multiple analyses and estimated underlying mechanisms related to brain structure, immunometabolism and genetics.

Coffee has been associated with reduced colorectal cancer incidence. Here, the authors show that caffeine inhibits the kynurenine pathway, boosting CD8⁺ T-cell immunogenic activity, which impairs colorectal cancer progression and enhances immunotherapy response.