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The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine honored a scientific breakthrough with hidden cardiovascular potential: regulatory T cells and peripheral immune tolerance. These mechanisms provide a paradigm shift for understanding and treating cardiovascular disease, dampening inflammation without compromising immunity, and offering safer and more effective therapies.
There is great interest in modeling human HFpEF in animals to identify underlying mechanisms and ultimately improve sorely needed therapies. Our current models are a step forward but still fall short in several crucial ways, particularly by not capturing the severity of heart failure features common in patients.
Heart failure and cancer share risk factors and biological pathways, yet their interplay remains underexplored. This Comment calls for coordinated research, precision medicine approaches and policy changes to advance the emerging field of cardio-oncology.
