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This study reveals a non-canonical immunomodulatory function for the enzyme iNOS, based on the direct interaction in mitochondria with the itaconate-producing protein IRG1, which limits itaconate production in mouse and human macrophages
Previously uncharacterized cysteine-derived conjugates, including with endogenous sugar metabolites, accumulate in cancer cells with constitutive NRF2 activation and account for some of the increased cystine uptake that cannot be explained by conventional cysteine metabolism.
Temporal profiling of central carbon metabolism during KrasG12D-driven acinar-to-ductal metaplasia reveals that disruptions in NADPH-producing enzymes accelerate the formation of pancreatic precancerous lesions.
In the early stages of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) development, loss of ALDH1L2 expression elevates reactive oxygen species levels, driving accelerated acinar-to-ductal metaplasia. Decreased ALDH1L2 expression is accompanied by formate overflow, which can be used to monitor PDAC progression.
Leveraging pythons as an extreme model of feeding and fasting behaviour, this study uncovers para-tyramine-O-sulphate as a conserved postprandial metabolite that links nutrient intake to energy balance by activating hypothalamic neurons and suppressing food intake in pythons and mice.
Neri et al. develop elegant tools to understand how the sympathetic nervous system regulates intrascapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) function. Using these tools, they find that sympathetic nerves targeting the iBAT parenchyma control local blood flow and heat production, while those innervating the iBAT vasculature regulate systemic glucose metabolism.
A comparison of the effects of different NAD+ boosters is lacking. This clinical study compares the efficacy of the NAD+ boosters NR, NMN and Nam in increasing circulating NAD+ levels and analyses their effects on gut microbial metabolism.
