Allergic Rhinitis and Cedar Pollinosis Management

Allergic rhinitis is a widespread inflammatory disorder of the nasal mucosa provoked by immunoglobulin E (IgE)–mediated responses to inhaled allergens. Symptoms include sneezing, nasal congestion, rhinorrhoea and pruritus, often impairing quality of life and productivity. Cedar pollinosis represents a prominent form of seasonal allergic rhinitis, driven by sensitisation to Japanese cedar pollen and characterised by a sharp annual increase in symptom burden across affected regions. Management strategies combine environmental control measures, pharmacotherapy and immunotherapy. Pharmacological treatment typically relies on second-generation antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids and, in some cases, leukotriene receptor antagonists or decongestants to alleviate symptoms. Allergen-specific immunotherapy, delivered subcutaneously or sublingually, aims to modify the underlying immune response by promoting regulatory T-cell activity and shifting the T helper cell balance away from Th2-dominant inflammation. Recent advances have explored optimised dosing regimens, novel vaccine vectors, adjuvant formulations and food-derived adjuncts to accelerate onset of tolerance and improve safety profiles. These developments have global significance, informing guidelines and offering prospects for personalised approaches to pollen-induced rhinitis.

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Allergic Rhinitis and Cedar Pollinosis Management publication trend

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Technical terms

Allergic rhinitis: Inflammatory condition of the nasal mucosa triggered by airborne allergens.

Pollinosis: Seasonal allergic response caused by pollen exposure.

Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT): Administration of allergen extracts under the tongue to induce immune tolerance.

Antihistamine: Medication that blocks histamine receptors to reduce allergy symptoms.

Immunoglobulin E (IgE): Antibody class central to allergic sensitisation and reaction.

Pharmacokinetics: Study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion within the body.

References

1. Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Bepotastine for Determination of Optimal Dosage Regimen in Pediatric Patients with Allergic Rhinitis or Urticaria. Pharmaceutics (2024).
2. Safety of Sublingual Immunotherapy: A Secondary Analysis of Post-marketing Adverse Events Reports Using a Japanese Public Database. Cureus (2023).
3. The Combined Effects of Sublingual Immunotherapy and Lactobacillus acidophilus-Producing Extract on Cedar Pollinosis Symptoms. Cureus (2023).