Cardiovascular Hypertrophy in Hypertensive Patients
Summary
Hypertension imposes a persistent pressure overload on the left ventricle, eliciting a spectrum of structural adaptations collectively known as cardiovascular hypertrophy. Initially, myocyte enlargement and enhanced extracellular matrix synthesis serve to normalise wall stress and maintain cardiac output. Over time, however, these compensatory changes become maladaptive, with concentric remodelling, increased myocardial stiffness and impaired diastolic relaxation. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a robust marker of cardiovascular risk, predicting heart failure, arrhythmias and ischaemic events. Detection relies on imaging modalities such as echocardiography and electrocardiography, as well as advanced techniques including magnetic resonance and computed tomography. Control of blood pressure is paramount to halt or reverse hypertrophic progression, with reductions in left ventricular mass correlating with improved prognosis. Globally, addressing hypertensive hypertrophy is essential to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease, inform therapeutic strategies and guide public health policies aimed at early intervention and prevention.
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Cardiovascular Hypertrophy in Hypertensive Patients publication trend
The graph below shows the total number of articles in cardiovascular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients across all publications each year (not limited to Nature Index journals).
Technical terms
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH): Increased mass of the left ventricular myocardium due to chronic pressure overload.
Left ventricular mass index (LVMI): Mass of the left ventricle normalised to body surface area, used to quantify hypertrophy.
Electrocardiogram (ECG): Non-invasive recording of the heart’s electrical activity used to detect structural changes including LVH.
Echocardiography: Ultrasound imaging modality for assessing cardiac structure, function and hypertrophic changes.
References
- Electrocardiographic tracking of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension: incidence and prognostic outcomes from the SPRINT trial. Clinical Hypertension (2024).
- Prognostic implication of left ventricular hypertrophy regression after antihypertensive therapy in patients with hypertension. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine (2022).
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