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Filamin C is a key actin-binding protein involved in cardiomyopathies and musculoskeletal disorders. Here, Wang et al reveal that it interacts with the heat shock protein HSPB7 under biomechanical stress, forming a stable hetero-dimer which is regulated by phosphorylation.

An analysis of 24,202 critical cases of COVID-19 identifies potentially druggable targets in inflammatory signalling (JAK1), monocyte–macrophage activation and endothelial permeability (PDE4A), immunometabolism (SLC2A5 and AK5), and host factors required for viral entry and replication (TMPRSS2 and RAB2A).

The authors show that the cell-penetrating peptide DG9 enhances PMO delivery to skeletal and cardiac muscles via multiple endocytic pathways. DG9-PMO significantly boosts dystrophin restoration and cardioprotection, addressing a key challenge in the therapy of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

veloVI enhances RNA velocity analysis with uncertainty quantification and extensibility by deep generative modeling of gene-specific transcriptional dynamics.

Here, the authors show that post-translational molecular signatures of human skeletal muscle in response to acute or chronic aerobic and resistance exercise are distinct, potentially dictating the differential physiologic adaptations to different exercise modes.

Gamma-ray observations indicate that cosmic voids may host magnetic fields. Here, the authors show that relics of fields from the early Universe could be consistent with these observations if their decay is mediated by magnetic reconnection and conserves the mean square fluctuation level of magnetic helicity.

The poor stability of narrow bandgap lead-tin perovskites hinders their implementation in multi junction cells. Here, the authors reveal that device performance degradation is caused by an increase in either mobile ion or background hole density, depending on the hole transport material used.

Female genital tract (FGT) microbiome dynamics in discordant HIV shedding and long-term antiretroviral therapy are poorly understood. Here, using 125 cervicovaginal specimens collected over two years from 31 women living with HIV in Lima, Peru, Kaelin et al. show that FGT bacteriome and virome patterns over time are linked with discordant shedding and ART duration.

A one-component fluid confined in a slit pore is studied by thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. The authors find that thermodynamics holds even in the limit of vanishing pore width and crosses over from that for a 3D system to that for a 2D one if the singularities in normal pressure and chemical potential are treated properly.

Bioplastics are desirable materials for the replacement of petrochemical-derived plastics, but achieving the desired properties can be challenging. Here, the authors report a bioplastic formed from a combination of polysaccharide sources and DNA from living organism waste, with biodegradability and recyclability.

Kim, Park, and colleagues present near-infrared long-lifetime upconversion nanoparticles combined with time-gated detection. These nanoparticles allow for improved performance of luminescence-based biosensing for sensitive and accurate microRNA analysis in cancer diagnostics.

The thalamus is important for neocortical functional specialization. Here the authors show its shifting role in shaping large-scale functional organization during early life in humans, particularly in developing the internal–external cortical hierarchy.

Nickelate superconductors attract enormous attention in the field of high-temperature superconductivity. Here the authors report observation of perfect diamagnetism and interfacial effect on the electronic structures in infinite layer Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂ superconductors.

The authors analyze rare coding variants in 1990 individuals with congenital kidney anomalies, finding diagnostic variants in 14.1% of cases. They identify two new causal genes, ARID3A and NR6A1, along with 38 candidate genes, providing evidence for shared genetics with other developmental disorders.

The γ-TuRC plays a key role in regulated nucleation of microtubules (MTs). Here, the authors reveal how yeast γ-TuRC is assembled and activated by dimeric CM1 motifs in receptor protein Spc72 and how MT polymerase Stu2 binds to promote MT assembly.

Primary angle-closure glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness. Here, the authors identify rare deleterious variants in UBOX5 as risk factors and implicate BIP ubiquitination as a potential disease mechanism.

IL-11 is identified as a key regulator of ERK–AMPK–mTORC1 signalling, metabolism, inflammation and age-related disease and lifespan in mouse and human.

A general approach to derive direction-dependent complex refractive indices close to zero produces infinite families of time-reversible and infinite families of time-irreversible electromagnetic materials, without invoking the concept of topology.

Competing interactions in frustrated magnets give rise to complex emergent phenomena, which challenge a full microscopic understanding but invite comparison to other systems. Bovo et al. find an analogy to classical gases and identify special temperatures that reveal fine details of the microscopic Hamiltonian.

Enhancing the ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes is critically important for developing high-performance batteries. Here, authors show the positive effect of structural disorder on the lithium-ion diffusion dynamics and reveal the ion conduction mechanism in complex disordered structures.

By carefully dispersing small amounts of Ir into the RuO₂ lattice, a Ru₆IrOₓ catalyst reduces Ir usage by 80% while still running stably for over 1,500 h at 2 A cm⁻² in both laboratory- and industrial-scale proton-exchange membrane water electrolysers.

Lim et al. identify CD34 as a surface marker of the heart’s sinoatrial node pacemaker cells, enabling their isolation from stem cell differentiation cultures, advancing future disease modeling, drug discovery, and biological pacemaker applications.

Photoreceptor outer segment abnormalities cause retinitis pigmentosa, a form of blindness. Here, authors show that the disease-associated gene RPGR regulates actin-mediated outer segment turnover through its interaction with the actin severer, cofilin.

Structural variations (SV) contribute to inter-individual variability. Here, the authors describe a first-generation multi-ancestry Asian SV catalogue containing 73,035 SVs from 8392 Singaporeans to provide insights into Asian SV diversity.

The study of learning algorithms in the neocortex requires comprehensive knowledge of synaptic plasticity between its diverse cell types, which is currently lacking. Chindemi et al. describe a modeling approach to fill these gaps in experimental literature, and predict the features of synaptic plasticity in vivo.

Clinically significant genetic variation in Asian populations is under-characterized. Here, the authors show the diversity in prevalence and spectrum of human disease and pharmacogenetic variants in a multi-ethnic Asian population.

The Late Ordovician mass extinction has been attributed to extended marine anoxia. Here, the authors use a metal isotope mass balance model and find the marine anoxic event lasted over 3 million years, notably longer than the anoxic event associated with the Permian-Triassic extinction and Cretaceous ocean anoxic events.

Protein film electrochemistry is used to study the redox properties of a protein adsorbed as a monolayer film on a working electrode. This Primer describes how protein film electrochemistry quantitatively investigates the thermodynamics and kinetics of processes such as ligand binding and redox catalysis.

3D higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) exhibit 1D hinge states depending on extrinsic sample details, while intrinsic features of HOTIs remain unknown. Here, K.S. Lin et al. introduce the framework of spin-resolved topology to show that helical HOTIs can realize a doubled axion insulator phase with nontrivial partial axion angles.

The microscopic mechanism of the metal-insulator transition in 2D disordered semiconductors is not fully understood. Shin et al. propose a universal mechanism due to curvature-induced band gap fluctuations in a structurally disordered system, based on gate-tunable scanning tunneling microscopy on monolayer MoS₂.

Hydrogen fuel, produced from renewable power, could be critical in the decarbonization of the electricity and transportation sectors. Here, a thorough economic analysis shows that hydrogen obtained from wind power is already cost competitive in niche applications and may become widely competitive in the foreseeable future.