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Designing a nutritious and planet-friendly diet, and an AI that guides mathematicians.

In a phase 2 trial evaluating healthy donor fecal microbial transplantation plus either anti-PD-1 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer or anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 in patients with melanoma, encouraging efficacy was seen in both cohorts, with responses linked to significantly greater loss of baseline bacterial species.

Natural Killer cells are key mediators of anti-tumour immunosurveillance and anti-viral immunity. Here, the authors map regulatory genetic variation in primary Natural Killer cells, providing new insights into their role in human health and disease.

AI is a powerful tool for facilitating data science programming in biomedicine. This study benchmarks the performance of existing tools and introduces a reliable AI agent copilot.

deepmriprep leverages neural networks to enable voxel-based morphometry preprocessing of MRI data that is 37× faster than existing methods while achieving comparable accuracy in segmentation, registration and final statistical maps across large datasets.

Games, seasonal science songs, and Nature’s 10.

Based on two waves of data collection from 748 households in Hong Kong, this analysis sheds light on the number of transmission events that occurred before manifestation of symptoms in influenza A and B cases.

In episode 1 of What’s in a name we look at how species are named, and whether the current system needs to evolve in the face of societal pressure.

Producing isolated single-photon emitters in hexagonal boron nitride with predefined spin transitions is challenging. Oxygen annealing enables the controlled fabrication of narrowband quantum emitters with optically active spin for quantum applications.

We round up some recent stories from the Nature Briefing.

Kinematic measurements of the Perseus galaxy cluster reveal two drivers of gas motions: a small-scale driver in the inner core associated with black-hole feedback and a large-scale driver in the outer core powered by mergers.

Using a non-human primate model, the authors identified the tissue sites of initial viral rebound after discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy, demonstrating that such rebound preferentially occurs in the gastrointestinal tract-associated lymphoid tissues.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

The experimental physicist joins us to talk about her book Not just for the boys, why we need more women in science.

Researchers determined the telecommunications satellite was periodically brighter than 99% of stars, and powerful X-rays have uncovered an ancient trilobite’s last meal.

Myocardial infarction disrupts cardiac repair mechanisms, limiting regeneration. Here, the authors show that extracellular matrix therapies activate spatial and cell-specific pro reparative programs, revealed through spatial transcriptomics and snRNA-seq.

The study presents a recyclable polymer system that stores solar energy and releases it as hydrogen on demand, offering an efficient and sustainable route for renewable energy storage and fuel generation.

This study uses single-cell DNA sequencing to analyze genomic evolution in pancreatic cancer using a cohort of multiregionally and longitudinally sampled patients’ tissues across various clinical contexts.

Population-scale WGS reveals genetic determinants of persistent EBV DNA, linking immune regulation—especially antigen processing and MHC class II variation—to EBV persistence and heterogeneous disease associations.

High-energy particles could be a long-sought source of cosmic rays — plus, a ‘smart’ insulin-molecule that’s sensitive to blood sugar levels.

Large-scale computational and in vitro analyses identify commensal type III secretion systems and substrates in the human gut microbiome that can interact with human proteins to modulate immune pathways.

Results of the phase 1/2 TACTOPS trial show that autologous T cell therapy targeting PRAME, SSX2, MAGEA4, Survivin and NY-ESO-1 in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is feasible and safe, and leads to encouraging clinical responses and evidence of antigen spreading in responders.

Researchers find the genetic mutations that allow some marsupials to soar, and an ultra-accurate clock is put through its paces on the high seas.

A machine learning approach examines decades of data in the hunt for the proton’s charm, and the latest from the Nature Briefing.

Programmable self-assembly can help construct complex nanostructures. Now a mathematical framework can identify if and how a particular structure can be assembled.

Study refutes claim that mismanagement of natural resources led to population crash — plus a tiny wasp that’s been found in an unexpected place.

Researchers develop a library of 75 million compounds to search for new drugs, and the 2022 Nobel Prizes.

We round up some recent stories from the Nature Briefing.

Five-year study shows islands increase ecosystem health without lowering crop yield, and a house built from concrete and nappies.

Brain probes reveal complexities of octopus sleep, and a hormone that could help make calorie-restricted diets more effective.

In this study, Dahmane et al use a method called cryo-electron tomography to uncover new details of how tick-borne flaviviruses transform cells into virus factories.

Repeated flash-heating provides a new way to depolymerize plastics, and the latest from the Nature Briefing.

The chemosensing accuracy of E. coli cells is shown to be limited by internal noise in signal processing, rather than the stochasticity of molecule arrivals at their receptors, contrary to long-held understanding in the field.

Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of stable, acyclic N-stereogenic amines by the addition of enol silanes to nitronium ions that ion pair to a confined chiral anion is described.

How a hot resting spot can help frogs survive chytridiomycosis infection, and the decades-long hunt for dark matter in black holes.

Researchers isolate the protein thought to help migratory birds navigate, and astronomers pinpoint the stars that could view Earth as an exoplanet.

Replacing lasers with LEDs in computer components lowers power consumption — plus, the spread of H5N1 influenza in US cow herds.

De novo and inherited dominant variants in genes encoding U4 and U6 small nuclear RNAs are identified in individuals with retinitis pigmentosa. The variants cluster at nucleotide positions distinct from those implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders.

Challenging the dogma of gene evolution, and how chiral nanoparticles could give vaccines a boost.

A hormone discovered in mice could help keep bones healthy during lactation, and a new way to edit genes in the gut microbiome.

Disrupting gut microbes increases risk of growth issues in the next generation, and understanding geographic variations in cancer rates.

Monkeys with CRISPR-edited pig kidneys survive for more than a year, and why our brains struggle to count more than four objects.

With rich, multi-layered baseline data and long-term follow-up through linkage, the HELIOS Study provides a resource to investigate the behavioural, environmental, genomic, and molecular factors impacting health in Asian populations.

A conversation about the US election and the possible fallout for science, and are maternal behaviours learned or innate?

Environmental justice and drinking water in the US: Higher proportions of Hispanic/Latino, American Indian/Alaskan Native, and non-Hispanic Black residents were associated with higher public water arsenic and uranium at the county-level, findings differed by region.

Researchers find that a huge number of roads that don’t appear on official maps, and the protein that could determine whether someone is left-handed.

Here, Valderrama et al., introduced ‘saMBA’, the largest collection of uniformly analyzed microbiome data from South America, the worlds most biodiverse yet less characterized region. The article propels inclusion and can guide new sampling efforts in the region.

Celebrating the tenth anniversary of the Higgs boson’s discovery, and supporting scientists who stutter.

System aids researchers measuring biodiversity levels in Ecuador, and how people can follow basic instructions while fast asleep.

The receptors that help octopuses sense by touch, plus a round-up of stories from the Nature Briefing.