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Instabilities in chiral plasmas can amplify electromagnetic waves, raising the question of whether chiral solids behave similarly. Now a magneto-chiral instability is demonstrated in tellurium, observed as growing terahertz emission after photoexcitation.

This study investigates the mechanism and important role of transcription factor HBP1 in driving human endometrial decidualization for successful embryo implantation.

Ru_0.6Cu₁(Cu⁰–Cu¹⁺)/CeO₂ catalyst converts CO₂-to-fuels via artificial photosynthesis, overcoming O₂ poisoning and sluggish C₂ yield through photothermal interface reconstruction. It achieves 74.3% selectivity for C₂H₄ with 0.5% solar efficiency.

Despite various advantages of aluminium batteries, their application is hindered by the use of ionic liquid electrolytes. Here this work shows an organic formulation that is non-corrosive and delivers better performance, opening vast chemical space for electrolyte design.

In this work, authors show that while previous Drug-Target Interaction prediction studies attribute biased predictions to drug bias, they reveal target prior bias as the key issue arising from imbalanced training data. They develop TAPB which is a debiasing framework that mitigates target prior bias via causal debiasing, achieving stronger generalization and interpretability.

A picometer-scale optical ruler is proposed based on precise location of a vanishingly small transverse optical phase singularity. This ruler is capable of measuring three-dimensional picometric displacements within optical interferometric systems.

An avian influenza H7N9 virus causes severe human disease, including acute and often lethal respiratory failure. Here, the authors report that plasma levels of angiotensin II, a regulatory peptide of the renin–angiotensin system, are associated with disease severity and fatal outcome in infected patients.

ApoE is a direct checkpoint inhibitor of unresolvable inflammation in neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases

The role of outer mitochondrial membrane proteins in Myocardial Ischemia-reperfusion Injury (MIRI) largely remains unknown. Here, the authors demonstrate that the outer mitochondrial membrane protein Myocardial Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling (MAVS) protein promotes MIRI suggesting MAVS protein as potential therapeutic target.

Professor M Stanley Whittingham is a pioneering researcher in the development of lithium-ion batteries at Binghamton University and Kent Snyder leads battery research and development at Ford Motor Company. Nature Energy caught up with both during the Nature Conference on Materials Electrochemistry: Fundamentals and Applications held in China in January 2018.

To mark the fifth anniversary of Nature Energy, past and present editors share their take on some favourite papers.

Coppé and colleagues define a resistance mechanism to combination BRAF- and EGFR-targeted therapy in BRAF^V600E colorectal cancers that could be overcome in vitro and in vivo by repurposing COX2 inhibitors.

Polyketide synthases are powerful assembly line enzymes for the production of organic compounds. Here, the authors develop a versatile engineering strategy for assembly line reprogramming, enabling custom biosynthesis of designer molecules.

The biological mechanisms regulating blood-brain barrier integrity remain unclear. Here, the authors identify microglial NLRP3-gasdermin D signaling as a driver of blood-brain barrier disruption during peripheral inflammation in mice, mediated by CXCL-dependent neutrophil recruitment.

Aqueous Zn batteries offer safety, but the Zn anodes are vulnerable to dendrite failure and side reaction. Here the authors show a low-cost electrolyte that involves hydrate salt and organic solvent but proves inflammable. The Zn battery cell delivers excellent performance even at a low temperature of −30 °C.

Wang et al. profiled T cells in atherosclerotic plaques, artery tertiary lymphoid organs, and lymph nodes in mice with advanced atherosclerosis by single-cell RNA sequencing paired with T cell antigen receptor sequencing and observed complex patterns of deteriorating peripheral T cell tolerance. Signs of CD8⁺ tolerance dysfunction were found also in human plaques transcriptomic data, indicating that atherosclerosis can be considered as a bona fide T cell autoimmune disease.

This work reports a single-atom Ni incorporated CeO₂ catalyst that boosts the efficiency of solar CO₂ reduction under concentrated light irradiation.

Finding the ground states of spin glasses relevant for disordered magnets and many other physical systems is computationally challenging. The authors propose here a deep reinforcement learning framework for calculating the ground states, which can be trained on small-scale spin glass instances and then applied to arbitrarily large ones.

Oocyte meiotic defects increase with age and contribute to decreased oocyte quality. Here the authors show that granulosa cell mevalonate pathway abnormalities contribute to aneuploidy during ovarian aging and that supplementation with mevalonate metabolites improves oocyte quality, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for promoting female reproductive longevity.

The mechanism by which the cross-talk between bone and adipose tissue regulates metabolic homeostasis is unknown. Here, the authors show a mechanism whereby bone marrow factor GCA initiates adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance, showing how GCA targeting could potentially treat metainflammation.

Focused light beams can be used as optical tweezers for manipulating small dielectric particles, but they normally repel metallic ones. By exploiting surface plasmons excited by a radially polarized beam, Min et al.show that it is possible to trap metallic particles with diameters up to 2.2 μm.

Mesenchymal stem cells are essential for bone development, but it is unclear if their activity is maintained after late puberty, when bone growth decelerates. The authors show that during late puberty in mice, these cells undergo senescence under the epigenetic control of Ezh2.

The hypermethylated genome of a fish vertebrate iridovirus is crucial for its infection and plays an important role in the virus’ ability to evade the host immune response.

High-entropy alloy nanoparticles (HEA-NPs) have emerged as new materials in various fields, but their scalable synthesis still remains a challenge. Here, the authors report an ultrafast, one-step method for the continuous synthesis of HEA-NPs based on the thermal plasma jet technology.

Döring, van der Vorst, Yan, Neideck et al. present a non-canonical chemokine pathway involving CCL17 signaling through CCR8, which induces CCL3 expression independent of CCR4 and suppresses the functions of atheroprotective T_reg cells.

Zhong et al. show that the protein GP73 stimulates hepatic glucose production and is induced in response to infection with SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and in vivo, thus proposing a molecular mechanism underlying hyperglycemia associated with COVID-19.

Deubiquitinases (DUBs) are peptidases that remove ubiquitin from post-translationally modified proteins. The identification of a selective small-molecule inhibitor of the USP1–UAF1 deubiquitination complex reveals a role for deubiquitination in regulating the DNA damage response.

Type-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) affect adipose tissue metabolism and function. Here the authors show that the ILC2 are present in para-aortic adipose tissue and represent a major source of IL-5 and IL-13 required for mounting atheroprotective immunity, which can be altered by high fat diet.

The peripheral nervous system uses neuroimmune cardiovascular interfaces to assemble a structural artery–brain circuit, and therapeutic intervention in the artery–brain circuit attenuates atherosclerosis.

Genetic variations influence the risk of prostate cancer. Here, the authors use a meta-analysis of Genome-wide association studies from Asian populations and uncover new susceptibility loci at 11p15.4 and 14q23.2.

Intact single crystals of the enzyme lysozyme can be used to study the time-dependent, protein-directed growth of gold nanoparticles.