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A large-scale study on the replicability of claims from social and behavioural science journals reports that about half of the results replicate in the same patterns as the original study.

When 100 social and behavioural science claims were examined, 34% of reanalyses closely matched the original results, with 74% reaching the same conclusion, revealing limited robustness of single-path analyses and the need to address analytical uncertainty.

A study of reproducibility in a stratified random sample of 600 papers published from 2009 to 2018 in 62 journals spanning the social and behavioural sciences finds higher reproducibility among more recent papers and papers from journals that require data sharing.

Robustness checks and reproduction of analyses with existing and updated data based on 110 articles in economics and political science journals with data and code-sharing requirements found high levels of robustness and reproducibility and determined that robustness was not dependent on author characteristics or data availability.

Global Burden of Disease analysis found that in 2023, suboptimal diet was estimated to be responsible for 4 million deaths and 97 million morbidity burdens from ischemic heart disease.

Superconductivity in twisted bilayer WSe₂ evolves smoothly with twist angle and emerges near Fermi surface reconstruction, linking previously distinct phase diagrams and clarifying its correlated origin.

Here, the authors conduct a metagenomic-based study of England’s rivers to show that biofilm bacteria are taxonomically and functionally diverse and are key to biogeochemical cycling, highlighting the importance of river biofilm bacteria in understanding and monitoring freshwater ecosystem health.

High-resolution satellite data enables a unique verification of national methane emissions worldwide. Global estimates are 63 Tg a⁻¹ for oil-gas, 30% higher than the UNFCCC reports due to under-reporting by four largest emitters, and 33 Tg a⁻¹ for coal, consistent with previous estimates.

N-desethyl-fluornitrazene is a µ-opioid receptor agonist derived from nitazenes that has supramaximal intrinsic efficacy that produces analgesia with minimal adverse effects in rodent models.

Managing hydrocephalus relies on non-specific symptoms. Here, the authors report a 0.28-gram implant that measures intracranial pressure long term, tested in pediatric and adult patients.

Compositional disorder in high entropy oxides offers a novel approach to tuning functional properties, yet its impact on magnetic ordering in double perovskite systems remains underexplored. Here, the authors investigate high-entropy rare-earth double perovskite films, revealing robust ferromagnetic ordering and reentrant spin-glass behavior, highlighting the importance of microscopic interactions in low-temperature phases.

Vascular smooth muscle cells undergo complex transitions to multiple disease-related phenotypes in coronary artery disease. Using vascular smooth muscle lineage-traced single-cell RNA and ATAC sequencing, the authors map molecular spatiotemporal patterns of murine atherosclerosis and discover molecular mechanisms of TCF21-mediated coronary artery disease risk.

Toker et al. present an AI framework that identifies mechanisms of consciousness. The model predicts new drivers of unconsciousness and identifies subthalamic nucleus stimulation as a potential therapy for disorders of consciousness.

DNA damage burden and inadequate repair in CUX2⁺ cortical layer 2/3 excitatory neurons contributes to selective vulnerability in neuroinflammatory injury.

The transcription factor ATF4 is shown to regulate double-stranded DNA repair within vulnerable CUX2⁺ upper-layer 2/3 cortical neurons, enabling their survival during development.

Global integration of information is critical for memory and cognition. Here, the authors show that high gamma and ripple frequency oscillations burst coincidentally across sensory and association cortical areas as memories are encoded and recalled.

A model is devised to investigate free charge generation in neat acceptor domains and at donor–acceptor heterojunctions. Efficient photocurrent generation in organic heterojunctions at low energetic offsets can be related to key molecular parameters and to electronic state delocalization.

AhR functions as a neuronal brake on axon regeneration, integrating environmental sensing, protein homeostasis and metabolic signalling to control the balance between stress adaptation and axonal repair.

Native top-down proteomics reveals epidermal growth factor receptor–estrogen receptor-alpha (EGFR–ER) signaling crosstalk in breast cancer cells and dissociation of nuclear transport factor 2 (NUTF2) dimers to modulate ER signaling and cell growth.

Dynamos can generate magnetic fields, which are present across various scales in space plasmas. Here, the authors show evidence for a turbulent dynamo in the terrestrial magnetosheath, indicating that Earth’s magnetosheath may be used as a natural laboratory for testing dynamo theories and simulations.

Supersolid phases are quantum-entangled states of matter exhibiting the dual characteristics of superfluidity and solidity. Here, the authors map the phase diagram of K₂Co(SeO₃)₂. and identify signatures of two supersolid phases separated by a 1/3 magnetization plateau.

Interfacial charge recombination losses limit solar cell efficiency. Gao et al. mitigate these losses through front and rear-contact engineering, achieving efficiencies of 26.34% and 32.73% in tunnel oxide passivating contact single-junction and tandem solar cells.

Despite enormous resources expended, lead exposure in endangered California condors has risen. The authors show lead ammunition bans and outreach are effective, with changing hunting patterns and wilder condor behavior explaining exposure increases.

Human impacts on marine ecosystems are increasing the likelihood of pathogenic outbreaks, harmful algal blooms and coral stress. Here the authors develop a CRISPR biomonitoring tool that can help detect key marine species that are important to public health, the aquaculture sector and marine ecosystems.

Precision oncology requires access to high quality data, as well as the application of current technologies. Here, the authors use federated learning to predict clinical outcomes in anal cancer patients across 16 centres as part of the atomCAT consortium.

In-flight observations show that the use of lean-burn combustion succeeds in reducing soot emissions from aircraft—yet contrail ice crystals still form and nucleate on volatile particles.

It is known that placing asymmetric objects in a bacterial bath results in the net rotation of those objects. Now it is shown that the torque dipole of confined E.coli can rotate symmetric objects hydrodynamically.

How the brain supports speaking and listening during conversation of its natural form remains poorly understood. Here, by combining intracranial EEG recordings with Natural Language Processing, the authors show broadly distributed frontotemporal neural signals that encode context-dependent linguistic information during both speaking and listening..

Paracrine signalling between tuft cells and enterochromaffin cells is a key mode of immune–sensory and gut–brain communication, and accounts for the pattern of gastrointestinal symptoms that occurs during parasite infections.

Metal–halide complexes are central to light emission in halide perovskites, but their bottom-up spatial arrangement is difficult to control. Now a crown-ether-assisted supramolecular strategy has been shown to enable the synthesis of one-dimensional metal–halide molecular wires with high photoluminescence efficiency and strong nonlinear optical responses.

A pangenome reference for the phenotypically diverse crop sorghum aims to help accelerate future efforts to breed crops that are better adapted to changing environments.

A multiplexed RNA detection method exploits crRNA-dependent variability in Cas13a activity on RNA targets for kinetic barcoding and can be used to distinguish among SARS-CoV-2 variants in clinical samples.

Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

By studying how the bird palate develops after hatching across many bird groups, this study shows that differences among major bird lineages are shaped by both evolutionary history and developmental mode.

Different agricultural management systems, for example, conventional versus organic, can have different benefits and challenges. Authors here examine the biodiversity, crop yield and ecosystem multifunctionality impacts of transitioning from conventional to organic agriculture across 179 global croplands.

Ongoing chikungunya virus replication leads to the accumulation of inflammatory macrophages and CD4⁺ T cells in joint-associated tissues. Inhibition of chikungunya virus replication during chronic disease reduced viral RNA and joint inflammation in mice.

Efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T in solid tumors are limited by the antigen heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment (TME) induced exhaustion. The authors here manifested that Nr2f6-deficient CAR-T cells have superior anti-tumor effect compared with traditional CAR-T cells, which is associated with enhanced cytotoxic function, followed by durable response due to epitope spreading.

Spin torques generated via the spin-Hall effect in CoFeB/W/MgO are found to stabilize magnetization in a high-energy anti-parallel state relative to an applied magnetic field. This observation serves as a platform for studying far-from-equilibrium spin dynamics and holds promise for realizing unconventional computing paradigms.

Dysregulation of H3K4 methylation is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, the authors perturb H3K4 methylation in the MGE and hypothalamus, resulting in altered gene expression and cell fate as well as changes in behavior that mimic NDD symptoms.

This work demonstrates a nonlinearity-enhanced combination of dispersive and dissipative coupling in photon-pressure circuits, a circuit-QED analog of optomechanics, and reveals how transparency and backaction are modified by coupling-interference. The results hold relevance for radiation-pressure systems, (quantum) control protocols and Hamiltonian simulation.

Researchers demonstrate a photonic quantum reservoir computing platform that uses spectral and temporal multiplexing in a continuous-variable setting. Real-time memory is implemented, and nonlinear temporal tasks are enabled.

The study shows that label-free nanofluidic scattering microscopy combined with an AI vision transformer can measure the mass and size of single biomolecules down to 6 kDa (1.5 nm), as demonstrated on the example of insulin.

Ultrafast near-field microscopy unites femtosecond optical spectroscopy with nanometre spatial resolution to image non-equilibrium material dynamics beyond the diffraction limit. This Primer outlines theory, instrumentation, signal interpretation and representative applications, providing a practical foundation for generating and analysing ultrafast nano-movies of quantum materials.

A bioelectronic device incorporating triphylite (LiFePO₄) as electrode is used for lithium-ion-specific inhibition of peripheral and central nervous system activities in rats and in mice.

Evo 2 is an artificial intelligence-based biological foundation model trained on 9 trillion DNA base pairs spanning all domains of life that predicts functional properties from genomic sequences and provides a rich generative model for researchers in biology.

Colonic stem cells retain a memory of inflammation following disease resolution and there is a mechanistic link between chronic inflammation and malignancy, suggesting potential strategies to mitigate cancer risk in patients with chronic inflammatory conditions.

In clinical validation of a liquid biopsy assay, the approach enabled fast and accurate molecular diagnosis of EBV⁺ Burkitt’s lymphoma in more than 200 children and young adults in Tanzania and Uganda.

Seismic wave velocity variations, or anisotropy, in the Earth’s inner core may be generated by the differing thermal conductivity of iron crystals along their long and short crystallographic axes, according to coupled thermo-mechanical modelling.