Nature Search

Global, regional, and national burden of chronic respiratory diseases and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, 1990–2023: a Global Burden of Disease study

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

Jiyeon Oh
Soeun Kim
Dong Keon Yon
Research06 Jan 2026
Nature Medicine

Volume: 32, P: 197-223
Global burden of amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine and opioid use in 204 countries, 1990–2023: a Global Burden of Disease Study

Global Burden of Disease estimates show that between 1990 and 2023, the prevalence and burden of drug use disorders, inclusive of amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine and opioid use, have been increasing in high-income countries, particularly in the USA.

Jiseung Kang
Hyeon Jin Kim
Dong Keon Yon
Research16 Jan 2026
Nature Medicine

P: 1-18
Sir Joseph Banks, Bart

JOSEPH BANKS
News24 Nov 1928
Nature

Volume: 122, P: 815-816
A benchmark of expert-level academic questions to assess AI capabilities

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Long Phan
Alice Gatti
Davide Scaramuzza
ResearchOpen Access28 Jan 2026
Nature

Volume: 649, P: 1139-1146
Characterising acute and chronic care needs: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Cecilia Anza-Ramirez
J. Jaime Miranda
Yves Miel H. Zuniga
ResearchOpen Access07 May 2025
Nature Communications

Volume: 16, P: 1-36
Alkali-Inactivation of the Succinoxidase System and its Reactivation (‘Reconstitution’)

TOKUJI KIMURA
JOSEPH HAUBER
THOMAS P. SINGER
Research27 Apr 1963
Nature

Volume: 198, P: 362-366
Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19

Whole-genome sequencing, transcriptome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in over 7,000 individuals with critical COVID-19 are used to identify 16 independent variants that are associated with severe illness in COVID-19.

Athanasios Kousathanas
Erola Pairo-Castineira
J. Kenneth Baillie
ResearchOpen Access07 Mar 2022
Nature

Volume: 607, P: 97-103
Mapping the genetic landscape across 14 psychiatric disorders

Genomic analyses applied to 14 childhood- and adult-onset psychiatric disorders identifies five underlying genomic factors that explain the majority of the genetic variance of the individual disorders.

Andrew D. Grotzinger
Josefin Werme
Jordan W. Smoller
ResearchOpen Access10 Dec 2025
Nature

Volume: 649, P: 406-415
Cowbird song

STEPHEN I. ROTHSTEIN
JOSEPH C. ORTEGA
ADRIAN O'LOGHLEN
Research04 May 1989
Nature

Volume: 339, P: 21-22
Genotype-stratified adjunctive dexamethasone for tuberculous meningitis in HIV-negative adults: a randomized controlled phase 3 trial

In this phase 3 trial, human immunodeficiency virus-negative Vietnamese adults with tuberculous meningitis were stratified by LTA4H genotype to assess whether this influences corticosteroid response. However, outcomes were not significantly better according to genotype.

Joseph Donovan
Nguyen Duc Bang
Guy E. Thwaites
ResearchOpen Access15 Jan 2026
Nature Medicine

P: 1-10
ImmunoMatch learns and predicts cognate pairing of heavy and light immunoglobulin chains

ImmunoMatch is a machine-learning framework that learns from heavy and light immunoglobulin chains to predict cognate sequence pairings.

Dongjun Guo
Deborah K. Dunn-Walters
Joseph C. F. Ng
ResearchOpen Access18 Nov 2025
Nature Methods

Volume: 23, P: 106-117
De novo and inherited dominant variants in U4 and U6 snRNA genes cause retinitis pigmentosa

De novo and inherited dominant variants in genes encoding U4 and U6 small nuclear RNAs are identified in individuals with retinitis pigmentosa. The variants cluster at nucleotide positions distinct from those implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders.

Mathieu Quinodoz
Kim Rodenburg
Carlo Rivolta
ResearchOpen Access09 Jan 2026
Nature Genetics

Volume: 58, P: 169-179
A Radio Wave Mechanism to Account for the Known Distribution of Van Allen Belts about the Earth

JOSEPH M. BOYER
Research13 May 1961
Nature

Volume: 190, P: 597-599
GWAS and meta-analysis identifies 49 genetic variants underlying critical COVID-19

An analysis of 24,202 critical cases of COVID-19 identifies potentially druggable targets in inflammatory signalling (JAK1), monocyte–macrophage activation and endothelial permeability (PDE4A), immunometabolism (SLC2A5 and AK5), and host factors required for viral entry and replication (TMPRSS2 and RAB2A).

Erola Pairo-Castineira
Konrad Rawlik
J. Kenneth Baillie
ResearchOpen Access17 May 2023
Nature

Volume: 617, P: 764-768
Mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

Mari E. K. Niemi
Juha Karjalainen
Chloe Donohue
ResearchOpen Access08 Jul 2021
Nature

Volume: 600, P: 472-477
Paul tube implant: a meta-analysis and systematic review evaluating clinical outcomes

Diya Baker
Abdulmalik Alsaif
Joseph Abbott
Research06 Jan 2026
Eye

P: 1-8
Detection of undiagnosed liver cirrhosis via AI-enabled electrocardiogram: a pragmatic, cluster-randomized clinical trial

In a trial involving 45 clinics and 15,596 visits, the use of an AI-based screening tool applied to ECG for opportunistic detection of advanced chronic liver disease led to a significant increase in new diagnoses compared to the standard workflow.

Douglas A. Simonetto
David Rushlow
Vijay H. Shah
Research17 Dec 2025
Nature Medicine

Volume: 32, P: 160-167
Mental health and kidney disease

This Review examines the bidirectional relationship between mental health conditions, particularly depression, anxiety and severe mental illness, and chronic kidney disease. The authors discuss the impact of these comorbid conditions; provide insights and recommendations on patient management, with a focus on integrated care; and highlight key research gaps.

Joseph Chilcot
Clodagh Cogley
Ken Farrington
Reviews28 Jan 2026
Nature Reviews Nephrology

P: 1-14
Formation of Labile Phosphate Esters by Irradiation of Nucleic Acids with X-Rays in Aqueous Systems

GEORGE SCHOLES
JOSEPH WEISS
Research23 May 1953
Nature

Volume: 171, P: 920-921
Drought recovery in plants triggers a cell-state-specific immune activation

Post-drought rehydration triggers a preventive immune response in plants, revealing targets to enhance crop resilience by linking drought stress recovery with improved pathogen resistance.

Natanella Illouz-Eliaz
Jingting Yu
Joseph R. Ecker
ResearchOpen Access29 Aug 2025
Nature Communications

Volume: 16, P: 1-15
Accurate geometric albedo, shape, and size of Hi’iaka from a stellar occultation

Hiʻiaka is the largest moon of the distant dwarf planet Haumea. Here, the authors report the first multi-chord stellar occultations of Hiʻiaka, revealing its size, shape, and density, suggesting an origin from Haumea’s icy mantle.

Estela Fernández-Valenzuela
Jose Luis Ortiz
Dmitry Monin
ResearchOpen Access01 Dec 2025
Nature Communications

Volume: 16, P: 1-11
One-Electron Versus two-Electron Transfer Processes in the Mechanism of Oxidation-Reduction Reactions in Solution

JOSEPH WEISS
Research22 Mar 1958
Nature

Volume: 181, P: 825-826
Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial

Results from the phase ELAD 2 trial reveal that liraglutide is safe and well tolerated in people with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease but does not significantly slow brain metabolism decline.

Paul Edison
Grazia Daniela Femminella
Clive Ballard
ResearchOpen Access01 Dec 2025
Nature Medicine

Volume: 32, P: 353-361
Primary Processes in the Action of Ionizing Radiations on Water: Formation And Reactivity of Self-Trapped Electrons (‘Polarons’)

JOSEPH WEISS
Research04 Jun 1960
Nature

Volume: 186, P: 751-752
Chemical Action of Ionizing Radiations on Nucleic Acids in Aqueous Systems

GEORGE SCHOLES
JOSEPH WEISS
Research14 Oct 1950
Nature

Volume: 166, P: 640-642
Detection of Free Hydroxyl Radicals by Hydroxylation of Aromatic Compounds

GABRIEL STEIN
JOSEPH WEISS
Research30 Dec 1950
Nature

Volume: 166, P: 1104-1105
A second update on mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19

Masahiro Kanai
Shea J. Andrews
Matthew Solomonson
ResearchOpen Access06 Sept 2023
Nature

Volume: 621, P: E7-E26
Polygenic and developmental profiles of autism differ by age at diagnosis

A study of several longitudinal birth cohorts and cross-sectional cohorts finds only moderate overlap in genetic variants between autism that is diagnosed earlier and that diagnosed later, so they may represent aetiologically different conditions.

Xinhe Zhang
Jakob Grove
Varun Warrier
ResearchOpen Access01 Oct 2025
Nature

Volume: 646, P: 1146-1155
Hypochromism in the Ultra-Violet Absorption of Nucleic Acids and Related Structures

H. C. BOLTON
JOSEPH J. WEISS
Research18 Aug 1962
Nature

Volume: 195, P: 666-668
Radiochemistry of Aqueous Solutions

JOSEPH WEISS
Research17 Jun 1944
Nature

Volume: 153, P: 748-750
Carbon Compounds in Apollo 11 Lunar Samples

BARTHOLOMEW NAGY
WARD M. SCOTT
HAROLD C. UREY
Research14 Mar 1970
Nature

Volume: 225, P: 1028-1032
Mitochondrial and Cytoplasmic Enzymes for the Reduction of Fumarate to Succinate in Yeast

CRISTIANO ROSSI
JOSEPH HAUBER
THOMAS P. SINGER
Research10 Oct 1964
Nature

Volume: 204, P: 167-170
Chemical Primary Processes in the Action of Ionizing Radiations on Water: Evidence from Experiments with Heavy Water

PATRICK KELLY
TYSON RIGG
JOSEPH WEISS
Research12 Jun 1954
Nature

Volume: 173, P: 1130-1132
A prospective trial for breast cancer diagnosis by canine odorology

Dog olfaction has been reported to detect different human diseases, including cancer. Here, the authors present a trial where two trained dogs are exposed to human sweat samples to identify breast cancer.

Anne Tardivon
Benoit Mesurolle
Isabelle Fromantin
ResearchOpen Access27 Nov 2025
Nature Communications

Volume: 16, P: 1-9
Global, regional and national burden of dietary iron deficiency from 1990 to 2021: a Global Burden of Disease study

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

Sooji Lee
Yejun Son
Nicholas. J. Kassebaum
Research22 Apr 2025
Nature Medicine

Volume: 31, P: 1809-1829
Wireless Reflections and Echoes

JOSEPH LARMOR
Research04 Oct 1930
Nature

Volume: 126, P: 504
Localization of Interaction Sites in Multi-Component Transfer Systems: Theorems Derived from Analogues

BRITTON CHANCE
WILLIAM HOLMES
C. M. CONNELLY
Research01 Nov 1958
Nature

Volume: 182, P: 1190-1193
Chinese Science Revisited (2)

JOSEPH NEEDHAM
Research14 Feb 1953
Nature

Volume: 171, P: 283-285
Genetic mechanisms of critical illness in COVID-19

A genome-wide association study of critically ill patients with COVID-19 identifies genetic signals that relate to important host antiviral defence mechanisms and mediators of inflammatory organ damage that may be targeted by repurposing drug treatments.

Erola Pairo-Castineira
Sara Clohisey
J. Kenneth Baillie
Research11 Dec 2020
Nature

Volume: 591, P: 92-98
Genome-wide analyses identify 30 loci associated with obsessive–compulsive disorder

Genome-wide analyses identify 30 independent loci associated with obsessive–compulsive disorder, highlighting genetic overlap with other psychiatric disorders and implicating putative effector genes and cell types contributing to its etiology.

Nora I. Strom
Zachary F. Gerring
Manuel Mattheisen
ResearchOpen Access13 May 2025
Nature Genetics

Volume: 57, P: 1389-1401
Genome-wide association meta-analysis of childhood ADHD symptoms and diagnosis identifies new loci and potential effector genes

Genome-wide association meta-analyses of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom measures and clinical diagnoses identify new risk loci, highlight putative effector genes and yield improved polygenic risk scores.

Camiel M. van der Laan
Hill F. Ip
Dorret I. Boomsma
Research17 Sept 2025
Nature Genetics

Volume: 57, P: 2427-2435
Bacterial sexually transmitted infections and related antibiotic use among individuals eligible for doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis in the United States

Doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis is recommended in the United States for populations at risk of bacterial sexually transmitted infections, but there is concern about development of antimicrobial resistance. Here, the authors use insurance claims data to estimate the potential impacts of the policy on antimicrobial consumption.

Anna M. Parker
Jennifer J. Chang
Katia J. Bruxvoort
ResearchOpen Access16 Oct 2025
Nature Communications

Volume: 16, P: 1-13
Localization of a gene for partial epilepsy to chromosome 10q

Ruth Ottman
Neil Risch
Kirk C. Wilhelmsen
Research01 May 1995
Nature Genetics

Volume: 10, P: 56-60
Solar luminosity and the sunspot cycle

R. H. Dicke
Research05 Jul 1979
Nature

Volume: 280, P: 24-27
Enhanced plant growth by siderophores produced by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria

Joseph W. Kloepper
John Leong
Milton N. Schroth
Research28 Aug 1980
Nature

Volume: 286, P: 885-886
Coevolution of religious and political authority in Austronesian societies

Phylogenetic methods applied to ethnographic data show that systems of religious and political authority have worked synergistically over millennia of Austronesian cultural evolution, without showing a clear tendency to become more or less distinct.

Oliver Sheehan
Joseph Watts
Quentin D. Atkinson
ResearchOpen Access10 Nov 2022
Nature Human Behaviour

Volume: 7, P: 38-45
A first update on mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19

Gita A. Pathak
Juha Karjalainen
J. Kenneth Baillie
ResearchOpen Access03 Aug 2022
Nature

Volume: 608, P: E1-E10
Insights from the Biorepository and Integrative Genomics pediatric resource

Genomic studies often lack representation from diverse populations, limiting equitable insights. Here, the authors show that the BIG Initiative captures extensive genetic diversity and reveals ancestry-linked health disparities in a community-based Mid-South cohort.

Silvia Buonaiuto
Franco Marsico
Vincenza Colonna
ResearchOpen Access22 May 2025
Nature Communications

Volume: 16, P: 1-12
sciCSR infers B cell state transition and predicts class-switch recombination dynamics using single-cell transcriptomic data

sciCSR is a computational workflow that leverages single-cell RNA sequencing data to predict B cell dynamics and class-switch recombination events.

Joseph C. F. Ng
Guillem Montamat Garcia
Franca Fraternali
ResearchOpen Access06 Nov 2023
Nature Methods

Volume: 21, P: 823-834
A compact Cascade–Cas3 system for targeted genome engineering

This work repurposes the Type I-C Cascade–Cas3 system from Pseudomonas aeruginosa to achieve large deletions in bacterial genomes.

Bálint Csörgő
Lina M. León
Joseph Bondy-Denomy
Research19 Oct 2020
Nature Methods

Volume: 17, P: 1183-1190

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