Search

Asexual-to-sexual switching underpins malaria transmission. Prajapati et al. identify an AP2-G loss-of function mutation and use it as a genetic tool to show that GDV1 is essential for initial ap2-g activation and sexual commitment initiation.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

pH is a critical regulator of (bio)chemical processes and therefore tightly regulated in nature. Now, proteins have been shown to possess the functionality to drive pH gradients without requiring energy input or membrane enclosure but through condensation. Protein condensates can drive unique pH gradients that modulate biochemical activity in both living and artificial systems.

Metastatic triple negative breast cancer (mTNBC) has limited treatments options. Here, this group presents a combination of low-dose cyclophosphamide, anti-CSF1R, and anti-PD-1 therapies to boost immune cell infiltration and reduce recurrence in aggressive TNBC models.

Here, the authors report an exome-wide association study for multi-organ imaging traits by leveraging recent bioinformatic tools such as AlphaMissense. The identified signals elucidate the genetic effects from rare variants on human organs and their connections to complex diseases

Data obtained from the MicroBooNE liquid-argon time projection chamber are used to exclude the single light sterile neutrino interpretation of the LSND and MiniBooNE anomalies at the 95% confidence level.

Zeng et al. applied single-particle cryo-electron microscopy to native samples isolated from the human parasite Toxoplasma gondii, determining multiple structures of key components of the conoid, a cone-shaped organelle essential for host cell invasion.

The role of the complement system (CS) - part of the immune system - in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains underexplored. Here, the authors evaluate the association of genetic variants in CS-related genes with PDAC risk, and explore their potential role in prognosis and immune infiltration.

Subduction of sediment, derived from weathered continental crust, can enrich the mantle in critical metals and volatiles. Melting of such enriched mantle produces alkaline magmas that may form major rare-earth deposits.

Therapeutic options for patients with renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) are limited. Here the authors report the results of a phase II clinical trial of anti-PD1 nivolumab plus anti-CTLA4 ipilimumab in RMC, associating the activation of a myeloid mimicry program in tumor cells to the rapid disease progression and hyper-progression observed in treated patients.

The variability in clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection is partly due to deficiencies in production or response to type I interferons (IFN). Here, the authors describe a FIP200-dependent lysosomal degradation pathway, independent of canonical autophagy and type I IFN, that restricts SARS-CoV-2 replication, offering insights into critical COVID-19 pneumonia mechanisms.

Cellular niches are highly heterogenous in triple negative breast cancer. Here, the authors utilise imaging mass cytometry and spatial transcriptomics to characterise the microenvironment in Black American and White American patients.

Neurocognitive impairment and premature aging often occur in childhood survivors of cancer. Here, the authors investigate the link between biological markers of age and neurocognitive functioning in survivors of childhood cancer who received either central nervous system (CNS)-targeted or non-CNS-targeted therapy.

Chemical doping allows for boosting the conductivity in conjugated polymers but the relationship between doping and the polymers’ complex, multiscale morphology remains elusive. Here the authors report that supramolecular chirality, which up to now had not been considered a parameter relevant to doping, significantly boosts the underpinning redox reaction in conjugated polymer thin films.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

Together with a companion paper, molecular details of immune responses in a pig-to-human xenotransplantation are identified through dense longitudinal multi-omics profiling of the xenograft and the host recipient, across the 61-day procedure.

Generalized body pain and headaches are common experience after sleep disruption. How does sleep disruption lead to generalized pain is unknown. Here, authors reveal that N-arachidonoyl dopamine, an endocannabinoid, is critically implicated in pain perception after sleep disruption.

It remains to be seen if high-T_c superconductors rely on similar Fermi-surface instabilities as their BCS counterparts. Miao et al. study the high-T_c compound LiFe_1−xCo_xAs with high-resolution ARPES and find a robust gap with Co doping that suggests the order parameter is not tied to such instabilities.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

The spectrally narrow photoluminescence lines occurring in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) heterostructures at low temperature have been attributed to interlayer excitons (IXs) localized by the moiré potential between the TMD layers. Here, the authors show that these lines are present even when the moiré potential is suppressed by inserting an hBN spacer between the TMD layers.

Information on how oxygen ions transport is crucial to understanding field-induced phase transformations in materials. Here, Zhang et al. directly image atomic-scale oxygen migration and the subsequent structural reconstruction in a SrCoO_2.5-σ film in the presence of an electric field.

The phase diagram of twisted monolayer-bilayer graphene depends on the electric field direction, exhibiting phases similar to twisted bilayer and double-bilayer graphene. Here the authors study the field dependent electronic structure, in particular flat bands, using nano-ARPES and explain the field-tunability.

By combining nano-spot angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, the authors resolve the fine electronic structure of the flat band and remote bands of twisted bilayer graphene as the twist angle varies, revealing a spectral weight transfer between remote bands that is attributed to lattice relaxations.

The origin of superconductivity enhancement in FeSe monolayer grown on SrTiO₃ compared to bulk FeSe is still a debated issue. Here, Shi et al. report a further 15 K jump of T_c accompanying a second Lifshitz transition triggered by electron doping in FeSe/SrTiO₃monolayer films.

MRI data from more than 100 studies have been aggregated to yield new insights about brain development and ageing, and create an interactive open resource for comparison of brain structures throughout the human lifespan, including those associated with neurological and psychiatric disorders.

The semileptonic decay channels of the Λc baryon can give important insights into weak interaction, but decay into a neutron, positron and electron neutrino has not been reported so far, due to difficulties in the final products’ identification. Here, the BESIII Collaboration reports its observation in e+e- collision data, exploiting machine-learning-based identification techniques.

Understanding the charge storage mechanism of electrode materials is critical for designing electrochemical energy storage devices. Here, authors study Li⁺ intercalation into two-dimensional metal carbides in nonaqueous electrolytes, revealing distinct behavior for different surface terminations.

A global map of human subcellular architecture yields protein complex structures, reveals protein functions, identifies assemblies with multiple localizations or cell-type specificity and decodes paediatric cancer genomes.

Silicon–hydride materials are attractive candidates for the photoreduction of carbon dioxide into fuels, although they have only worked stoichiometrically so far. Now, Ozin and co-workers show how decorating silicon nanosheets with palladium nanoparticles renders the process catalytic.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

APOL9a/b proteins coat mouse intestinal bacteria with high specificity, and genetic abolition of ceramide-1-phosphate synthesis pathways in the symbiote Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron significantly decreases this binding of APOL9a/b to the bacterium.

Investigating the inner structure of baryons is important to further our understanding of the strong interaction. Here, the BESIII Collaboration extracts the absolute value of the ratio of the electric to magnetic form factors and its relative phase for e + e − → J/ψ → ΛΣ decays, enhancing the signal thanks to the vacuum polarisation effect at the J/ψ peak.

The LHCb experiment at CERN has observed significant asymmetries between the decay rates of the beauty baryon and its CP-conjugated antibaryon, thus demonstrating CP violation in baryon decays.

The flagship paper of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium describes the generation of the integrative analyses of 2,658 cancer whole genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types, the structures for international data sharing and standardized analyses, and the main scientific findings from across the consortium studies.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

Iron pnictide compounds have recently been shown to have superconducting properties. Xuet al. show that the superconducting gap of underdoped pnictides scales linearly with the transition temperature, and that a pseudogap develops with underdoping.

Material implementation of machine learning algorithms for advanced computing at cryogenic temperature remains rare. Here, the authors report a cryogenic in-memory computing platform using chiral edge states of magnetic topological insulators.

Multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization (MERFISH) together with deep-learning-based nucleus segmentation enabled the construction of a highly detailed and informative spatially resolved single-cell atlas of human fetal cortical development.

Here the authors develop a class of metasurfaces based on robust, unidirectional waves. Such metasurfaces, driven by guided one-way waves, may facilitate their on-chip integration, as well as the precise manipulation of wavefronts on deep-subwavelength scales.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

Recurring deep ocean oxygen minimum events occur in the Pacific Southern Ocean during the warm climate interval Marine Isotope Stage 11. They are linked with perturbed Antarctic Bottom Water formation caused by West Antarctic Ice Sheet retreat.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

Helical Dirac fermion states that emerge at the surface of topological insulators support a variety of exotic physical phenomena, but they disappear when a topological insulator becomes too thin. Wang et al.show that these states are recovered when ultrathin films are interfaced together.

Alterations in the tumour suppressor genes STK11 and/or KEAP1 can identify patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer who are likely to benefit from combinations of PD-(L)1 and CTLA4 immune checkpoint inhibitors added to chemotherapy.