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The ALICE Collaboration provides details on the microscopic mechanism that ends up creating antideuteron in high-energy proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

The authors report a trial subset analysis of the immune responses induced by two inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccines (QIVs): Sinovac QIV and Vaxigrip-Tetra™. Both vaccines elicit robust humoral responses and distinct T cell profiles.

The directional propagation of phonon polaritons has been demonstrated in various twisted van der Waals materials. Here, the authors report a complementary type of directional polariton propagation by visualizing unidirectional ray polaritons in twisted asymmetric stacks of α-MoO3 and/or β-Ga2O3.

Early- and late-onset preeclampsia pose serious maternal-fetal risks, yet non-invasive early prediction remains challenging. Here, the authors show that cfRNA signatures reveal distinct decidual and multiorgan signals, enabling accurate, externally validated prediction of both subtypes.

The role of the complement system (CS) - part of the immune system - in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains underexplored. Here, the authors evaluate the association of genetic variants in CS-related genes with PDAC risk, and explore their potential role in prognosis and immune infiltration.

The role of ATM in DNA double-strand break (DSB) signalling is well established, but its function in the repair process remains controversial. Here, Álvarez-Quilón et al.show that ATM acts in the joining of blocked DSBs, uncovering DNA end structure as a key factor determining ATM involvement in DSB repair.

Maldonado, Lopez-Hernandez, et al. use a matched case-control study to compare E. coli-infected patients with or without sepsis. Their analysis shows that the ST69 clone is associated with risk of sepsis development, and certain genetic factors such as adhesion genes papC and fdeC were associated with a protective effect.

The Tachykinin 2 (Tac2) pathway in the central amygdala is sufficient and necessary for modulating fear memory consolidation. The authors show that silencing Tac2 neurons in the amygdala of male mice reduces fear expression, while fear expression in female mice is increased when manipulations are made during proestrus.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

Missense mutations in the twelfth codon of KRAS are key drivers of lung cancer. Here, the authors develop a CRISPR-High Fidelity-Cas9-based strategy to target KRAS-G12C and KRAS-G12D mutants, reducing tumourigenicity without wild type KRAS off-targeting and circumventing certain therapy resistance mechanisms in preclinical models.

An analysis of 24,202 critical cases of COVID-19 identifies potentially druggable targets in inflammatory signalling (JAK1), monocyte–macrophage activation and endothelial permeability (PDE4A), immunometabolism (SLC2A5 and AK5), and host factors required for viral entry and replication (TMPRSS2 and RAB2A).

A new, nearly complete fossil skull of Vegavis from the James Ross Basin, Antarctic Peninsula, provides insight into its feeding ecology and exhibits morphologies that support placement among waterfowl within crown-group birds.

The authors demonstrate deeply subwavelength light confinement in the terahertz spectral range by exploiting the strong light–matter coupling and hyperbolicity of phonon polaritons in hafnium-based dichalcogenides.

Conductive polymers are of great interest for electronic applications, but their disorder has made it difficult to realize their full electronic potential. Here transport measurements uncover the intrinsic transport properties of metal-organic polymer nanoribbons.

Known genetic loci account for only a fraction of the genetic contribution to Alzheimer’s disease. Here, the authors have performed a large genome-wide meta-analysis comprising 409,435 individuals to discover 6 new loci and demonstrate the efficacy of an Alzheimer’s disease polygenic risk score.

A comparison of alpha diversity (number of plant species) and dark diversity (species that are currently absent from a site despite being ecologically suitable) demonstrates the negative effects of regional-scale anthropogenic activity on plant diversity.

During the Last Ice Age, Neanderthals used a small cave in the Iberian Peninsula to accumulate the crania of large ungulates (bison, aurochs, red deer and rhinoceroses), some associated with small hearths. This seems to have been a symbolic practice.

Genotype and exome sequencing of 150,000 participants and whole-genome sequencing of 9,950 selected individuals recruited into the Mexico City Prospective Study constitute a valuable, publicly available resource of non-European sequencing data.

Quantum simulation offers an unparalleled computational resource, but realizing it for fermionic systems is challenging due to their particle statistics. Here the authors report on the time evolutions of fermionic interactions implemented with digital techniques on a nine-qubit superconducting circuit.

Here the authors apply machine learning approaches to Alzheimer’s genetics, confirm known associations and suggest novel risk loci. These methods demonstrate predictive power comparable to traditional approaches, while also offering potential new insights beyond standard genetic analyses.

What is the state of trust in scientists around the world? To answer this question, the authors surveyed 71,922 respondents in 68 countries and found that trust in scientists is moderately high.

Here, the authors describe a noncoding genetic variant in GBA1 specific to people of African ancestry that increases the risk of neurodegenerative diseases by interfering with the splicing of mRNA, resulting in lowered protein levels and activity.

The CMS Collaboration reports evidence for off-shell Higgs boson contributions in the production of Z boson pairs, and measures the width of the Higgs boson, which is inversely related to its lifetime.

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies on Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias identifies new loci and enables generation of a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future Alzheimer’s disease and dementia.

The most up-to-date combination of results on the properties of the Higgs boson is reported, which indicate that its properties are consistent with the standard model predictions, within the precision achieved to date.

Precision measurement plays an important role in frequency metrology and optical communications. Here the authors compare two geographically separate ultrastable lasers at 7 × 10⁻¹⁷ fractional frequency instability over a 2220 km optical fibre link and these measurements can be useful for dissemination of ultrastable light to distant optical clocks.

The CMS Collaboration reports the study of three simultaneous hard interactions between quarks and gluons in proton–proton collisions. This manifests through the concurrent production of three J/ψ mesons, which consist of a charm-quark–antiquark pair.

T cells undergo age-related changes that impair their organismal functions. Here Soto-Heredero et al. show that regulatory T cells characterized by the expression of KLRG1 accumulate with age in both mice and humans and exhibit features including mitochondrial decline and an inflammatory phenotype.

BRCA1 and BRCA2 are well known breast cancer predisposition genes, however, many variants have not yet been classified for their pathogenicity. Here, the authors analyse a large combined cohort to provide evidence of variant pathogenicity.

Wood density is a key control on tree biomass, and understanding its spatial variation improves estimates of forest carbon stock. Sullivan et al. measure >900 forest plots to quantify wood density and produce high resolution maps of its variation across South American tropical forests.

Analysing camera-trap data of 163 mammal species before and after the onset of COVID-19 lockdowns, the authors show that responses to human activity are dependent on the degree to which the landscape is modified by humans, with carnivores being especially sensitive.

A population of neutrophils in the skin produces extracellular matrix, providing a defence strategy by reinforcing the barrier properties of the skin and helping to block the entry of pathogens.

Sensory neuron population expansions are common in evolution but of unclear function. Here, the authors show that, in drosophilid olfactory systems, increased sensory neuron number impacts interneuron dynamics, but not sensitivity, to promote olfactory-guided behaviour.

Here they generate a cell type atlas of the colonial cnidarian Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus, which reveals that distinct colony parts are mostly made from unique combinations of shared cell types, and identify novel cell types involved in biomineralization, and self/non-self recognition.

In a randomized phase 3 trial, the combination of the BET inhibitor pelabresib with the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib resulted in a significantly higher spleen volume reduction from baseline versus placebo with ruxolitinib in patients with JAK inhibitor-naive myelofibrosis.

The authors collate literature on the responses of bird assemblages to forest loss and show that locations with a more variable natural environment and a longer history of agricultural land use have bird assemblages that are more tolerant to forest loss.

Stig Bojesen, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Alison Dunning and colleagues report common variants at the TERT-CLPTM1L locus associated with mean telomere length measured in whole blood. They also identify associations at this locus to breast or ovarian cancer susceptibility and report functional studies in breast and ovarian cancer tissue and cell lines.

The second Global Amphibian Assessment finds that the status of amphibians is continuing to deteriorate globally, driven predominantly by climate change, disease and habitat loss.

Adipose tissue accommodates large volume changes upon expansion, but the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Here, Aboy et al. describe CAV1 Y14 phosphorylation as required for appropriate adipocyte caveolae flattening and homeostasis.

The authors demonstrate a holographic light engine enabling volumetric 3D printing with high precision and flexibility. Enhanced light projection efficiency and speckle noise mitigation enable rapid fabrication of millimetric objects, including soft cell-laden hydrogels, with 31 µm resolution.

Auxin is a universal regulator of plant growth and development. The authors report the origin and evolutionary history of the key DNA-binding transcription factors mediating auxin response, identifying key steps in the birth of auxin response.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of GPR56 and latrophilin 3 show how the released tethered agonist peptide interacts with the transmembrane domain, suggesting a model for the activation mechanism of adhesion G-protein-coupled receptors.

A cross-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies association signals for stroke and its subtypes at 89 (61 new) independent loci, reveals putative causal genes, highlighting F11, KLKB1, PROC, GP1BA, LAMC2 and VCAM1 as potential drug targets, and provides cross-ancestry integrative risk prediction.

Dire wolves split from living canids around 5.7 million years ago and originated in the New World isolated from the ancestors of grey wolves and coyotes, which evolved in Eurasia and colonized North America only relatively recently.

Here the authors show that a Gamma-based subunit vaccine induces broadly neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants including Omicron, induces cellular immune responses, and protects mice from infection with Omicron BA.5 SARS-CoV-2.

Aerial and underwater survey data combined with satellite-derived measurements of sea surface temperature over the past two decades show that multiple mass-bleaching events have expanded to encompass virtually all of the Great Barrier Reef.