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Metal-cation-free CO₂ electroreduction in strong acid minimizes reactant loss and salt precipitation yet struggles with CO₂ activation and hydrogen evolution competition. Here, the authors report bioinspired sharp gold triangles with a proton-blocking layer that polarize CO₂ and suppress hydrogen evolution.

Transition-metal-catalyzed nitrene strategies exhibit high efficacy for intermolecular N–H insertion, but nitrene-mediated N–N coupling under metal-free conditions has rarely been explored. Herein, the authors report the selective N–N coupling using sulfilimines as nitrene precursors.

Tumor-associated macrophages play central roles in the cellular immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Here the authors implicate the m6A methyltransferase METTL3 in glioma progression by regulation of the ISG15/FASN modulated lipid metabolism in macrophage.

Indian dwarf wheat (Triticum sphaerococcum) is thermotolerant, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, the authors report the cloning of the heat tolerance gene encoding a STKc_GSK3 kinase and its variation affects phosphorylation level of downstream TaPIF4 in determining thermotolerance.

Poly(diiododiacetylene)—PIDA—contains iodine atoms, which are commonly found in computed tomography contrast agents. Here, the authors find that PIDA can function as a contrast agent and can also be used as a visual marker to delineate tumour margins.

Vitamin B2 metabolism is important for essential biological processes, such as protection against oxidative damage and facilitating the immune response. Here authors show that contrary to its protective role in other contexts, upregulated Vitamin B2 metabolism via flavin adenine dinucleotide synthase propels the growth of tumour cells in hepatocellular cancer, while suppressing the anti-tumour CD8⁺ T cell response.

Autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) models to replace human decision-making in medical intervention need thorough testing. Here authors present the results of a clinical trial, NCT05600855, in which daGOAT, a conditional autonomous artificial intelligence agent successfully makes the decision whether to prescribe an immune suppressive drug to prevent severe acute graft-versus-host disease following HLA-mismatched haematopoietic cell transplantation.

In a phase 1 trial, the co-infusion of CD19-targeting and BCMA-targeting CAR-T cells in adults with treatment-refractory lupus was safe and had promising efficacy, with most patients achieving remission after 3 months.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

This study shows that while deep building renovation could reduce carbon emissions, it increases material use and costs. Circular strategies help reduce primary material demand, but incentives are needed to make renovation economically viable.

This study identifies the TaDT1-A^hapI allele conferring drought resistance without yield penalty. Its 899-bp promoter deletion evades TaMYC2 repression and thereby enhances autophagy-mediated stomatal dynamics and water-use efficiency, providing a potential breeding target.

While the cytoplasmic functions of actin are well established, its nuclear roles remain poorly understood. Genetic and biochemical analyses of the nuclear actin-containing yeast INO80 chromatin-remodeling complex now demonstrate that actin functions as a monomer in the nucleus and contributes to INO80 remodeling activity, suggesting a mechanism fundamentally different from that of cytoplasmic actin.

The contribution of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) to metastasis needs further elucidation. Here, the authors show that BCSCs secrete DKK1 to protect metastasizing cancer cells from ferroptosis via upregulation of SLC7A11, and further show that the combination of a ferroptosis inducer with a DKK1 inhibitor reduces metastasis.

This work focuses on the characterization of CLE peptide gene, revealing how the TaCLE24b-TaCLV1 signaling cascade together with TaSG-D1 modulate lateral root development and drought stress tolerance in wheat.

The miR-17-92 cluster has been shown to regulate cardiomyocyte proliferation in vitro and in genetic mutation and overexpression models. Here the authors show that the cluster member miR-19a/19b regulates cardiomyocyte proliferation in vivo, and that delivery of miR-19a/19b to the heart leads to both short-term and long-term protective responses to myocardial infarction.

Plants are vital to healthy cities, yet urban environments filter the plant traits we find. This study assesses the relative dominance of different seed dispersal modes among plants that establish in cities without human intent, finding that many disperse their own seeds and that seed dispersal by water is less common.

Mechanism of high altitude adaptation of wheat remains unknown. Here, the authors assemble the draft genome of a Tibetan semi-wild wheat accession and resequence 245 wheat accessions to reveal that Tibetan semi-wild wheat has been de-domesticated from local landraces to adapt to high altitude.

Breeding crops with both high yield and disease resistance remains challenging. A study has now identified microRNA-156–Ideal Plant Architecture1 (IPA1) as a regulator of the crosstalk between growth and defence in rice and overcame the trade-off by pathogen-induced expression of IPA1.

The authors characterized m⁶A dynamics in primate tissue aging and revealed a new role for the METTL3–m⁶A–NPNT axis in maintaining skeletal muscle homeostasis, thereby providing insight into the epitranscriptomic machinery underlying primate aging.

Oesophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a leading cause of cancer death, and half of ESCC cases occur in China. Here, the authors provide an in depth genomic landscape for this disease and identify specific mutation signatures—one of which is linked to alcohol intake.

The formation of electrochemically inactive, or “dead”, lithium limits the reversibility of lithium metal batteries. Here the authors elucidate the (electro)chemical roles of ethylene gas produced from electrolyte decomposition on the formation of inactive lithium.

CIGS is a high-resolution dataset comprising chemical perturbation-induced 319,045,108 gene expression events.

The mechanisms underlying bacterial persisters formation remain poorly understood. Here, Chen et al. identify a complex formed by extracellular poly(dC) and the binding protein RmlB that controls Pseudomonas aeruginosa persister formation in response to environmental stimuli.

Dysregulation of ribonucleoprotein complex granules, previously implicated in neuromuscular disease, can drive pathogenesis in a genetic form of dilated cardiomyopathy, as shown in gene-edited pigs and patient-derived cardiomyocytes.

Core fucosylation of N-linked glycoproteins has been linked to physiological and pathological processes. Here, the authors develop a mass spectrometry-based method that utilizes Endo F3 followed by PNGase F treatment to quantify site-specific glycoprotein core fucosylation in protein mixtures.

Non-viral CAR-T cells with gene-specific targeted integration are safe and effective in patients with lymphoma.

The success rate of chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy is high in blood cancers, yet individual patient characteristics might reduce therapeutic benefit. Here authors show that therapeutic response in multiple myeloma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and occurrence of severe cytokine release syndrome in multiple myeloma are associated with specific gut microbiome alterations.

Replication stress is associated with cancer formation and progression. Here the authors reveal that the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) functions as 3’ flap nuclease involved in resolving replication stress affecting overall tumor progression.

Biomaterials that can be non-invasively activated to promote bone growth would be useful tools to repair bone defects in patients with comorbidities like inflammation or impaired osteogenesis. Here, the authors develop a composite membrane that can be stimulated by an external magnetic field and use it to correct skull defects in rats treated to reflect such comorbidities.

Zhang, Xu, Liu, Wang et al. identify an inhibitory mechanism for RIPK1 kinase through EGLN1/pVHL-mediated proline hydroxylation, which is disrupted upon prolonged hypoxia that activates RIPK1 activity to promote cell death and inflammation.

A strategy that depends on attenuated brassinosteroid signalling is described for the design of semi-dwarf wheat varieties with improved grain yield compared with that of green revolution varieties.

The molecular pathways regulating the cardioprotective activity of deacetylase sirtuin-1 are unknown. Here, Yanget al. show that histone H3K9 methyltransferase SUV39H and HP1gamma cooperatively methylate H3K9 on the sirtuin-1 promoter and inhibit sirtuin-1 transcription, and show that inhibition of SUV39H in mice is cardioprotective.

Renewable energy and electric vehicles will be required for the energy transition, but the global electric vehicle battery capacity available for grid storage is not constrained. Here the authors find that electric vehicle batteries alone could satisfy short-term grid storage demand by as early as 2030.

The contribution of ancient haplotypes to domestication is largely unknown. Here, the authors develop an ancestral genomic haploblock dissection method to generate a mosaic pan-ancestry genomic map and reveal that the domesticated polyploidy wheat emerged from the admixture of six founder wild emmer linages.

TIP60-mediated crotonylation of the microtubule plus-end tracking protein EB1 at Lys66 regulates attachment of astral microtubules to the lateral cell cortex and spindle positioning.

Building construction causes large material-related emissions which present a serious decarbonization challenge. Here, the authors show that the building material sector could halve emissions by increasing efficiency until 2060 but even then its emissions would be twice as high as needed to meet the 1.5 °C target.