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There are three dominant sulfur species present in arc magmatic fluids: HS⁻, H₂S and SO₂. HS⁻ controls the mobilization and transport of gold in arc magmatic–hydrothermal systems, according to in situ experiments on arc magmatic fluid analogues.

Electrochemical CO₂ reduction is a potential route to the sustainable production of valuable fuels and chemicals. In this joint experimental-theoretical work, the authors address the issue of the rate-limiting step on Gold and present insights from multi-scale simulations into the importance of the electric double layer on reaction kinetics and mass transport.

An artificial protein cage is readily assembled by metal ion coordination and disassembled by reducing agents, and displays excellent chemical and thermal stability.

Two-dimensional materials have excellent electrical properties, but poor luminescence limits their application in optoelectronics. Here, the authors demonstrate a plasmon-induced 20,000-fold enhancement in photoluminescence from tungsten diselenide suspended across a nanometre-scale gap.

The surfaces of noble metals possess Shockley states which exhibit Rashba-type spin splitting and spin-momentum locking. Here, the authors use ab initiomethods and photoemission spectroscopy to demonstrate how such Shockley states may be reinterpreted as topologically protected surface states.

Centrosome dynamics play a central role in immune regulation. Here, the authors demonstrate that centrosome integrity as well as centriole numbers and spatial organisation emerge as critical determinants of effective T cell responses.

Dimensionality of a material is a critical parameter to control its electronic properties. Here, the authors report that 2D gold transforms from a semiconductor, with valence band maximum 50 meV below the Fermi level, into a metal by tuning the number of layers from 1 to 2 in between graphene and SiC.

Compiling data on floral introductions and European colonial history of regions worldwide, the authors find that compositional similarity of floras is higher than expected among regions once occupied by the same empire and similarity increases with the length of time the region was occupied by that empire.

This work introduces the kinetic selectivity achievable in nanoporous crystals into the field of chemical sensors, opening the door for selective VOC detection in health, safety, and environmental monitoring

Inhibitor-induced kinase degradation is a common event that positions supercharging of endogenous degradation circuits as an alternative to classical proximity-inducing degraders.

Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) enable a rapid detection of analytes in a simple, paper-based test format, but their low sensitivity limits their applications. Here, the authors report a DNA origami-based signal amplification technology for LFIAs and apply it for the detection of cardiac troponin I in human serum.

This study advances methods for benchmarking macromolecular complex predictions by introducing a scalable open-source framework used in recent community assessments to compare structures, interfaces and ligand interactions against experimental data.

Clusters of gold atoms protected with achiral thiolates can display chirality, and such chiral nanoparticles could open new possibilities in catalysis and sensing. Here, the first separation of the enantiomers of a gold cluster, protected by achiral thiolates, Au₃₈(SCH₂CH₂Ph)₂₄, is achieved.

Although rechargeable lithium–air batteries are receiving significant attention because of their high theoretical specific energy, carbon cathodes that are currently used decompose during oxidation and promote electrolyte decomposition on cycling. A titanium carbide-based cathode is now shown to reduce side-reactions, and exhibits enhanced reversible formation and decomposition of Li₂O₂.

This study demonstrates a sub-THz free-space link, achieving 120 Gbit/s across 5 m enabled by compact plasmonic components with >300 GHz bandwidth, paving the way for next-generation scalable wireless networks at high carrier frequencies.

Chronic tinnitus is often treated with cognitive-behavioural therapy, hearing aids, counselling, or sound therapy, but their combined benefit is unclear. Here, the authors show, in a multicentre randomised trial, that combination treatments improve tinnitus scores more than single therapies, though benefits appear compensatory rather than synergistic.

Specificity in interactions with otherwise common glycan structures is likely achieved through glycan context. Here, the authors show that such glycan context is generated through tunable glycan arrangements that are translated into function by galectins.

Here the authors show that endogenous or therapeutically delivered GDF-15 activates brainstem neurons that trigger splenic β-adrenergic signaling. This, in turn, suppresses autoreactive T cells and reduces neuroinflammation, identifying a possible target for multiple sclerosis treatment.

Preorganization of catalysts and substrates can lead to significant rate enhancement—an effect often observed in enzyme catalysis. Now, a self-assembled nanosphere equipped with 24 guanidinium binding sites is demonstrated to strongly bind sulfonate-containing gold catalysts. Base-triggered co-encapsulation of carboxylate containing substrates leads to pronounced gating effects and dramatically enhanced reaction rates.

Recharging Li–O₂ batteries requires oxidation of the discharge product solid Li₂O₂. Now a redox-mediating molecule is shown to assist this process by transferring electron–holes between solid Li₂O₂ and the positive electrode in a non-aqueous Li–O₂ cell. This allows the cell to be charged at rates that are otherwise impossible.

Nanoparticle retention inside tumours has been associated with lymphatic vessel collapse. It is now shown that nanoparticles exit from solid tumours through lymphatic vessels in or surrounding the tumour by a nanoparticle-size-dependent mechanism.

Cell type-specific gene expression patterns are outputs of transcriptional gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that connect transcription factors and signaling proteins to target genes. Here, the authors present single-cell Multi-Task Network Inference (scMTNI), a multi-task learning framework to infer cell type-specific GRN dynamics from scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq datasets collected for diverse cell fate specification trajectories.

Non-efficient gelation methods for noble metal particles limit the development of the corresponding gel materials. Here the authors describe the role of reductants, unlocking ligand chemistry, and largely expanding the composition space of noble metal aerogels for high-performance electrocatalysis.

Beneficial effects of fasting combined with endocrine therapy for oestrogen receptor-α-expressing breast cancers can be recapitulated using exogenous glucocorticoid receptor ligands instead of fasting to reduce harmful effects.

Activation of an LTR retrotransposon inserted upstream of the Fgf8 gene produces viral-like particles in the mouse developing limb, triggering apoptosis and causing limb malformation. This phenotype can be rescued by mutations in the retrotransposon coding sequence.

Here authors identify GluN2D-containing NMDA receptors on interneurons as a specific target for rapid antidepressant action. Blocking GluN2D restores stress-impaired plasticity and mimics the effects of ketamine with fewer side effects.

Gut microbiota contribute to the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), but the molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Here the authors show that colonic fluid from patients with UC is enriched for bacteria extracellular vesicles (BEV) coated with host IgA, and that these IgA-coated BEV may activate CD89⁺ immune cells to aggravate inflammation and colitis in mouse models.

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy is a sensitive technique capable of detecting single molecules via their vibrational fingerprints. Here, the authors demonstrate improved sensitivity with photo-induced enhanced Raman spectroscopy applied to trace-level detection of explosives and other analytes.

Raman imaging offers great potential in biomedical imaging due to the combination of specificity and sensitivity. Here, the authors show nanoparticles functionalized with a chalcogenopyrylium reporter molecule, giving bright probes with low limits of detection for in vivoimaging.

Designing effective dielectrics in a broad range of the spectrum is of huge interest. Here, the authors demonstrate how transparent effective dielectrics can be constructed from dense arrays of metallic nanoparticles and can result in being more transparent than real dielectrics renowned for their transparency.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

Pertpy serves as a one-stop and performant framework for single-cell perturbation data analysis.

Plasma proteomics plays a key role in advancing clinical research and biomarker discovery. Here, the authors show in a large MSCoreSys multicenter benchmark study that DIA outperforms DDA, delivering robust, precise, and reproducible label-free protein quantification across sites.

Stoldt, Maass, and colleagues present a study where smFISH is combined with STED and MINFLUX microscopy to map mitochondrial mRNA at nanometre resolution, enabling the exploration of the structural folding and distribution of mRNAs within mitochondria.

Cancer patients are at increased risk for severe bacterial infections due to immune dysfunction. Here, the authors show that chronic tumor-derived G-CSF drives NAMPT/NAD-dependent neutrophil dysfunction from the progenitor stage, and that targeting this pathway restores infection control.

A temporal version of Young’s double-slit experiment shows characteristic interference in the frequency domain when light interacts with time slits produced by ultrafast changes in the refractive index of an epsilon-near-zero material.

Using crystallography and in planta analysis, Shahul Hameed et al. reveal how ROS-induced disulphide bonding inhibits the strigolactone-degrading enzyme CXE15, uncovering a redox-sensitive mechanism for regulating hormone catabolism in plants.

DNA methylation and copy number variant analyses across a large number of genetic mouse models of pediatric brain tumors reveal subtype-specific molecular alterations shared with the corresponding human diseases.

Iridium oxide is an active and stable catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction, however Ir is very rare, making it unsuitable for large-scale application. Here the authors develop a class of Ir double perovskites containing less Ir than iridium oxide, but exhibiting 3-fold higher activity in acidic media.

Cancer genetics has benefited from the advent of next generation sequencing, yet a comparison of sequencing and analysis techniques is lacking. Here, the authors sequence a normal-tumour pair and perform data analysis at multiple institutes and highlight some of the pitfalls associated with the different methods.

Ultrathin metallic films are most often fabricated by atomic or molecular beam epitaxy under ultrahigh vacuum conditions, where it is difficult to control deposition and growth. Here, the authors describe a wet deposition method, using solution-borne gold nanocluster precursors, to regulate growth of atomically flat gold nanoislands on a surface.

Water window imaging with high-harmonic generation is achieved using soft X-ray coherence tomography (SXCT), revealing the cross-sectional structure of buried nanolayers with 12 nm axial resolution.

The products and dynamics in mutual neutralisation of \({{{{\rm{O}}}}_{2}}^{+}\) with O⁻ occurring in atmospheric sprites are unknown. Here, the authors reveal a dissociative two-step mechanism via intermediate Rydberg states and a dependence on the \({{{{\rm{O}}}}_{2}}^{+}\) vibrational state.

Cryogenic-electron tomography enables visualization of cellular architecture at the nanoscale, but non-adherent cell positioning on grids remains challenging. Here, authors introduce an affinity capture strategy to position lymphocytes and reveal unexpected extracellular filaments.

Mejía-Ramírez, Iáñez Picazo, Walter et al. explore how nuclear biomechanical changes limit the regenerative capacity of aged hematopoietic stem cells and show that targeting RhoA rejuvenates aged hematopoietic stem cells by reducing nuclear envelope tension and remodeling nuclear architecture.