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Mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful tool for the structural characterization of protein complexes. Here the authors offer a path for direct integration of MS and electron microscopy with a MS approach that enables grid deposition and structural preservation of gaseous protein complex ions.

Surface controls nanocrystal growth, but atomic-scale hard-soft interfaces are hard to measure. Here, the authors develop electron microscopy methods to reveal the position of metal adatoms and surfactant counterions on gold nanocuboid surfaces.

Emulation of noiseless linear amplification of quantum states of light is demonstrated by post-selection of measurement data obtained by heterodyne detection. Using this protocol, Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen entanglement is recovered after its degradation by transmission loss. This protocol is applicable to other quantum communication protocols, including teleportation and remote state preparation.

Bayesian models explain how context biases perceptual behavior toward expected categories, but sensory neurons do not reflect this bias. Instead, expectation sharpens sensory acuity, independent of downstream decision making.

The flagship paper of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium describes the generation of the integrative analyses of 2,658 cancer whole genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types, the structures for international data sharing and standardized analyses, and the main scientific findings from across the consortium studies.

Amyloid plaques are a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. Better understanding of their biochemistry can inspire new biomarkers and therapeutics. Using multimodal mass spectrometry imaging, this work reveals surprising lipid heterogeneity in plaque microenvironments across the brain.

Saito et al. identify sphingosine kinase 1 as a critical regulator of physiological ductus arteriosus closure and pathological supravalvular aortic stenosis through its role in smooth muscle cell proliferation and propose potential therapeutics.

With the generation of large pan-cancer whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing projects, a question remains about how comparable these datasets are. Here, using The Cancer Genome Atlas samples analysed as part of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project, the authors explore the concordance of mutations called by whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing techniques.

Strongly coupled light–matter systems could offer enhanced manipulation of topological phenomena. Now, tunable non-Hermitian effects are demonstrated with exciton–polaritons induced by a twist degree of freedom.

Therapeutic options for patients with renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) are limited. Here the authors report the results of a phase II clinical trial of anti-PD1 nivolumab plus anti-CTLA4 ipilimumab in RMC, associating the activation of a myeloid mimicry program in tumor cells to the rapid disease progression and hyper-progression observed in treated patients.

The use of gaseous sulfuryl fluoride in sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange reactions is a challenge. Now, a flow set-up for the on-demand generation and onward reaction of sulfuryl fluoride, from sulfuryl chloride, is reported. The process produces fluorosulfate and sulfamoyl fluoride analogues of small molecules, peptides and proteins.

The authors implement on-chip Rydberg exciton-polaritons by coupling WS₂ monolayers to a photonic crystal. Rydberg polaritons exhibit a nonlinearity of 8.0 ± 2.3 times larger than that of the ground polaritonic states due mostly to their extended exciton radii and photonic crystal-induced spatially localized electric field distribution.

Rapid diagnosis and implementation of treatments is crucial in many genetic conditions. Here the authors describe Genome-to-Treatment, a virtual disease management system that can achieve a rapid diagnosis by expedited whole genome sequencing in 13.5 hours and provide guidance to clinicians for possible therapies.

The brain can flexibly perform multiple tasks by compositionally combining task-relevant neural representations.

Sulfur-containing scaffolds originating from small alkyl fragments play a crucial role in various pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials, but their synthesis presents significant challenges. Herein, the authors report the photocatalytic conversion of C(sp3)–H bonds originating from lightweight alkanes into alkyl sulfinates, employing SO2.

Xenotransplantation of a genetically edited pig kidney with a thymic autograft into a brain-dead human for 61 days with immunosuppression resulted in stable kidney function without proteinuria, and xenograft rejection was treated and reversed by the end of the study.

The pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be found in vacuoles and cytoplasm within infected cells. Here, Schator et al. show that extracellular bacteria use a type-III secretion system to induce Ca²⁺ influx into host cells and promote vacuole escape of intracellular bacteria and in vivo dissemination.

The accepted function of hypothalamic retinal input is regulation of daily rhythms in physiology and behaviour. Here authors show it also supports detection of form and motion and regulates visually-guided behaviours, via the lateral hypothalamus.

Skyrmion bags—textures comprising multiple skyrmions contained within a larger skyrmion—have been reported in several condensed matter systems. Now an optical analogue of these structures has been observed in plasmonic moiré superlattices.

This study reveals that an outer membrane protein from the predator Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus forms a pentameric assembly that traps a lipid monolayer within. This allows the discovery of two superfamilies, distributed across a wide range of bacteria, likely to adopt a similar architecture.

Hybrid entanglement between a quantum single-photon qubit state and a classical one is experimentally generated by quantum-mechanically superposing non-Gaussian operations on distinct modes. Entanglement is clearly observed between the two different types of generated states. This method provides a feasible way to generate even larger hybrid entanglement.

Flexible electronics require that all parts can be printed on plastic substrates, but finding materials that can act as high-capacitance dielectrics is a priority. An emerging class of polymer electrolytes, ion gels, can do the job—with high capacitance and at low voltage.

The ambipolar field of Earth controls the structure of the polar ionosphere and boosts its scale height by 271%, physically driving  the polar wind and acting as the source of the magnetospheric cold H⁺ ion population.

Ruggedized stretchable electronic devices motivate the development of globally stretchable yet locally stiff materials. Here, Ware et al. programme the self-organization of liquid crystal elastomers to yield stretchable materials of homogenous composition but with spatial variation in mechanical properties.

Dysregulation of ribonucleoprotein complex granules, previously implicated in neuromuscular disease, can drive pathogenesis in a genetic form of dilated cardiomyopathy, as shown in gene-edited pigs and patient-derived cardiomyocytes.

The demand for soft robots urges the development of new light-responsive materials for remotely powered actuation. Here, Wie et al. show directional motion over centimeter scales using azobenzene-functionalized liquid crystalline polymer films upon continuous radiation from ultraviolet to visible light.

Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCE) exhibit shape transformation when subjected to various stimuli, but the achievable thickness of LCE films is limited. Here the authors demonstrate arbitrarily thick LCE films that are continuous in composition and maintain the director orientation, prescribed into the material.

Spin–orbit torques could enable a new generation of low-power electrically controlled memory devices. Here, the authors experimentally disentangle the spin-Hall effect and inverse spin-galvanic effect contributions to the relativistic spin torques in a room temperature Fe/(Ga,Mn)As bilayer.

XRISM observations show the presence of odd-numbered elements chlorine and potassium in Cas A. These findings suggest that stellar activity plays an important role in cosmic chemical evolution, enriching space with elements vital for planets and life.

The number of individuals in a given space influences animal interactions and network dynamics. Here the authors identify general rules underlying density dependence in animal networks and reveal some fundamental differences between spatial and social dynamics.

How speech sounds come to be understood as language remains unclear. Here, the authors find that brain responses to speech in part reflect abstraction of phonological units specific to the language being spoken, mediated through relationships between acoustic features.

Metabolic disorder significantly contributes to diabetic vascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study reveals that O-GlcNAcylation, a nutrient-sensitive protein modification, drives vascular dysfunction in DR by stabilizing Hippo signaling key components YAP/TAZ. Targeting O-GlcNAc-YAP/TAZ shows therapeutic potential for mitigating DR pathology.

Delirium is a sudden change in mental function that is common in hospitalized older adults. To better understand this serious condition, Raptis et al. analyze large-scale genetic and proteomic datasets. They provide evidence that APOE-ε4 increases the risk for delirium independently of dementia, and highlight potentially clinically relevant plasma proteins.

Whole-genome sequencing analysis of individuals with primary immunodeficiency identifies new candidate disease-associated genes and shows how the interplay between genetic variants can explain the variable penetrance and complexity of the disease.

Cavity-stimulated Raman spin-flip emission is demonstrated by coupling a negatively charged InAs/GaAs quantum dot to a photonic crystal defect cavity. The emission is spectrally narrow and tunable over a range of about 125 GHz. The process can be made spin selective by tuning the scattered photons to be in resonance with the cavity.

Binary stars with orbital periods of less than a day show magnetic activity beyond the saturation limit of single stars. This enhanced activity is probably driven by a large-scale α–ω dynamo during common-envelope evolution.

A hole lot of trouble.

Impacts from a climate event can cascade through natural, anthropogenic and socio-economic systems. Here the authors assess cascading climate impacts on the EU and identify intervention points for adaptation related to water, livelihoods, agriculture, infrastructure and economy, and violent conflict.

Agriculture sustains a large and growing human population, but generates widespread impacts. This study assesses the health effects of air pollution caused by maize production. Reduced air quality leads to 4,300 premature deaths annually in the United States, akin to US$39 billion in damages, and climate change damages of US$4.9 billion.

Aggregates of misfolded proteins are sequestered in the aggresome via dynein transport in an aggregate size-dependent manner. Here, authors find episodic transport kinetics mediated by aggresome-dynein adapters are central to this size-filter effect.

A recording density of 1.5 Pb m⁻² using heat-assisted magnetic recording in a bit-patterned media is demonstrated. This represents a dramatic improvement in track width and optical efficiency over continuous media, owing largely to advantageous near-field optical effects.

Penetrance of variants in monogenic disease and clinical utility of common polygenic variation has not been well explored on a large-scale. Here, the authors use exome sequencing data from 77,184 individuals to generate penetrance estimates and assess the utility of polygenic variation in risk prediction of monogenic variants.

A skyrmion is a topological object originally introduced to model elementary particles and a baby skyrmion is its two-dimensional counterpart which can be realized as a defect in liquid crystals. Here the authors show that an electric field can drive uniform motion of baby skyrmions in liquid crystals.