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Human decision confidence displays a number of biases and has been shown to dissociate from decision accuracy. Here, by using neural network and Bayesian models, the authors show that these effects can be explained by the statistics of sensory inputs.

Multielectron molecular CO₂ reduction in acid is challenged by weak CO binding and competing hydrogen evolution. Here a methanol Faradaic efficiency of 62% is achieved in acid by tuning the microenvironment with cationic, hydrophobic and aerophilic layers.

The synthesis of closo-carboranes with more than 14 vertexes is challenging, and no examples have been reported to date. Herein, the authors present the long-sought 15- and 16-vertex closo-carboranes, in which the introduction of silyl groups to the two cage carbons is crucial; this finding might enable the synthesis of even larger carborane analogs in the future.

Cooperative species of extrachromosomal DNAs are coordinately inherited through mitotic co-segregation.

Diatomic C₂ is an elusive species that has only been indirectly observed in the gas phase. It had previously been stabilized in the condensed phase using two ligands, but now a monoligated L→C₂ complex has been prepared with a bulky phosphine ligand (L) bearing two imidazolidin-2-iminato groups. Reactivity studies and theoretical quantum chemical analysis point to the C₂ moiety having a dicarbene character.

There is evidence of increased risk of myasthenia gravis following statin therapy. Here the authors investigated this association using electronic health records and suggest a minimum monitoring period of approximately six months for MG symptoms for patients starting using statins.

Kersting’s groundnut is an underutilised crop that is locally important, tolerant to drought and critical to food security. Here, the authors report its genome assembly, population genetics analyses, and candidate genes for seed coat colour.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic highlighted our need for methods that allow rapid viral surveillance. Here, authors report a wireless, battery-free and wearable self-diagnosis platform that can continuously capture viral particles, diagnose infection status and evaluate symptom severity via breath and blow.

The mechanisms underlying the activity of non-receptor tyrosine kinase, TNK1, in cancers are unclear. Here the authors show that MARK mediates 14-3-3 and TNK1 interaction which restrains TNK1 activity, while the release of TNK1 from 14-3-3 leads to TNK1 activation through its interaction with ubiquitin and thus results in TNK1-mediated tumor growth in vivo

Antigen-specific antibodies secreted by plasma cells are rapidly identified using microfluidics and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS).

The Atr-Check1 pathway is involved in cell cycle and the DNA damage response. Here, the authors show that the Atr-Check1 pathway can inhibit axon regeneration in response to Piezo-mediated mechanosensation, affecting functional recovery.

The haptic interface is an essential part of human–machine interfaces where tactile information is delivered between human and machine. Yao et al. develop a soft, ultrathin, miniaturized and wireless electrotactile system that allows virtual tactile information to be reproduced over the hand.

Stapled α-helical peptides are promising for targeting challenging targets such as transcription factors, but achieving sufficient cell permeability while avoiding off-target cleavage is difficult. Here, the authors present workflows for identifying stapled peptides against Mdm2(X) with in vivo activity and no off-target effects based on comprehensive investigations of their properties.

Advances in single-cell sequencing technologies enable generation of datasets of millions of cells. scfind facilitates efficient and sophisticated gene search in massive single-cell datasets.

Morphology of organic thin film, including the in-plane and out-of-plane directions, plays a crucial role in determining the performance of organic solar cells, yet the characterisation is challenging for the out-of-plane direction. Here, the authors use GTSAXS to uncover the nanomorphology in this dimension, and show how it affects exciton dissociation and charge transfer.

The replication and pathogenicity of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is attenuated compared with the original strain and other variants.

Neurotoxic methylmercury (MeHg) in rice poses health risks. This study explores the roles of various cropland microbial communities in MeHg formation on a large scale and identifies that Geobacteraceae are the key predictors of MeHg bioaccumulation in paddy soil systems, which holds the potential for mitigating global mercury exposure.

The advance in improving the operational lifetime of organic solar cells is currently limited. Here, the authors report a radical scavenger capped zinc oxide nanoparticles as the electron transport layer, achieving operationally stable devices with efficiency of 19.47%.

Here, the authors show that a single mutation in JN.1 spike, L455S, confers better spike cleavage and enhances virus infectivity in differentiated primary human nasal epithelial cells while increasing immune evasiveness, contributing to the efficient spread of JN.1.

Ferroelasticity is predicted theoretically in 2D materials, but it lacks experimental validation. Here, the authors find 2D ferroelasticity in both exfoliated and CVD-grown β’-In₂Se₃ down to few-layer thickness by atomic-resolution electron microscopy, in situ X-ray diffraction, and polarized-light microscopy.

Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) congregates in clusters called ecDNA hubs that promote intermolecular interactions between gene-regulatory regions and thereby amplify the expression of oncogenes such as MYC in cancer cell lines.

Lawson et al. show that genetic inactivation of Phd1 or Phd2 hinders progression of AML and compromises leukemic stem cells. They develop a selective PHD inhibitor IOX5 and show therapeutic efficacy in AML, which can be potentiated with venetoclax.

Virtual reality technologies need olfactory systems to improve human perception, but their bulky formats limit their practicality. Here, Liu et. al. report flexible and miniaturized odor generators with tunable odor concentration in close user proximity for immersive virtual reality applications.

Here, the authors report the generation of a live but defective SARS-CoV-2 virus that is envelope-deficient and expresses human interferon beta. They show that nasal vaccination enhances mucosal and lung T cell response and provides pan-sarbecovirus protection in small animals.

A haptic interface that uses thermal, mechanical and electrotactile modes of stimulation to target different receptors in the skin can provide users with diverse haptic sensations, reproducing the tactile information of fine roughness, macro roughness, slipperiness, force and temperature.

Fluorescence imaging can be used for the characterization of protein interactions in cells, although typical methods require the interacting groups to be quite close. Here, the authors present a fluorescent technique using singlet oxygen for the imaging of more distant protein–protein interactions.

Epigenomic data on chromatin accessibility and transcription factor occupancy can reveal enhancer landscapes in cancer. Here, the authors develop a computational strategy called PSIONIC (patient-specific inference of networks informed by chromatin) to model the impact of enhancers on transcriptional programs in gynecologic and basal breast cancers.

Systems for automatic detection of a single disease may miss other important conditions. Here, the authors show a deep learning platform can detect 39 common retinal diseases and conditions.

Coronaviruses exploit the host caspase-6 to cleave coronavirus nucleocapsid protein into fragments with interferon-antagonizing activity to facilitate virus replication.

Here, using lung epithelial cells and ex vivo tissue explants, the authors show that, in addition to ACE2, host heparan sulfate is directly involved in SARS-CoV-2 attachment and entry and provide data suggesting that host sialic acids may act as viral restriction factor in lung tissues.

While pyrocatalysis offers a means to store energy in chemical bonds from temperature changes, most materials show low conversion efficiencies. Here, authors examine Au nanoparticles on BaTiO3 and demonstrate localized plasmonic heat sources to enhance pyrocatalytic H₂ evolution.

Although extrapulmonary complications of different organ systems are recognized in patients with severe COVID19 effects are less well studied. Here, Qiao et al. characterize the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 on bone metabolism in Syrian hamster and find that bone loss is associated with virus-mediated cytokine dysregulation.

An integrative three-dimensional genomic and transcriptional profiling of four human neural cell types links regulatory elements to their target genes and elucidates the function of noncoding variants in neuropsychiatric disorders.

Despite common use as a diabetes mellitus supplement, chromium(III)’s pharmacological effects remain unknown. We identified the Cr(III)-proteome in cells with a metalloproteomic approach and uncovered ATP synthase as a vital target to relieve hyperglycaemia stress.

Metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) are zinc containing enzymes that cause resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. Here the authors show that the anti-Helicobacter pylori drug colloidal bismuth subcitrate inhibits MBLs by displacing the zinc ions with Bi(III), which is of great interest for the development of antibiotics.

Advanced ovarian cancer usually spreads to the omentum. Here, the authors show that circulating intelectin-1 (ITLN1) has prognostic significance in patients with advanced ovarian cancer, and that mesothelial cell-derived ITLN1 in the omental tumor microenvironment suppresses ovarian cancer progression.

An optoelectronic resistive switching memory synaptic device enables the realization of an efficient neuromorphic visual system exhibiting non-volatile optical resistive switching and light-tunable synaptic behaviours.

Non-fullerene acceptors have contributed hugely to the best-performing organic solar cells, yet the photo-degradation remains a hurdle preventing the practical application. In this work, research group from Zhejiang University discovers non-fused acceptors with excellent photochemical tolerance in aerobic condition, and identify the main degradation pathway.

Current available tissue clearing techniques are mostly used for rodent tissues. Here, the authors develop OPTIClear solution for fresh and archival human brain tissue clearing and establish associated protocols for three-dimensional histological investigations.

Incomplete oxidation of fuels is a common problem in enzymatic fuel cells and it leads to low energy densities. Zhu et al. report the complete oxidation of sugar in an enzymatic fuel cell through a synthetic enzymatic pathway, which exhibits higher energy densities than lithium-ion batteries.

Non-fullerene electron acceptors have pushed the efficiency of organic solar cells up to 15% but they all contain fused rings and are inconvenient to synthetic access. Here Yu et al. develop fully unfused acceptors featuring non-covalent intramolecular interactions, high efficiencies and high stability.

Rnf8 is an E3 ligase involved in the DNA damage response, adding ubiquitin moieties to histones H2A and H2AX at sites of DNA damage. Now Rnf8 is found to modify shelterin subunit Tpp1, and this is important for its stability and retention at telomeres. Cells lacking Rnf8 show telomere shortening and chromosome fusions.

The tumor microenviroment can influence cancer progression and response to therapy. In this study, the authors show that miR21 is transferred through exosomes from cancer-associated fibroblasts and adipocytes to ovarian cancer cells where it modulates drug resistance by its direct target APAF1.