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The performance of π-conjugated polymers films is limited by the short exciton diffusion lengths due to local imperfections or variations in interchain packing. Here, the authors report on large-area submillimeter-scale spherulites achieved by treating a spin-coated polydiarylfluorene film under solvent vapor annealing.

The efficiency of perovskite/Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ tandem solar cells is limited by halide segregation in the perovskite layer. Zhang et al. use 2-pyrrolidinone to slow the crystallization of halide intermediates, ensuring a homogeneous distribution and achieving a power conversion efficiency of 27.3%.

The molecular heterogeneity of brain metastases (BrMs) poses challenges for their treatment. Here, the authors generate a multi-omic, single cell, and spatially resolved atlas of 1,032 pan-cancer BrMs and identify four molecular subtypes with distinct biological and clinical features.

This study applies generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) and advanced transcriptome wide association study (TWAS) methods to improve the discovery of colorectal cancer risk transcription factors and genes, including potential druggable targets.

Here they show that NONO collaborates with HOXA1 to modulate gene expression during early cardiomyocyte differentiation. This interaction facilitates activation of the Wnt signaling pathway, establishing the NONO-HOXA1-Wnt axis as a key mechanism in cardiac development.

The efficiency of large-scale hydrogen production is limited by slow oxygen evolution kinetics. Here, the authors report a heterostructure catalyst that activates lattice oxygen to achieve efficient and durable oxygen evolution at high current densities.

Conventional organic polymeric resists and chemical solutions used in microlithographic techniques can damage sensitive materials. Here, the authors report the application of inorganic selenium molecules as a lithographic mediator and encapsulation layer during the processing of various sensitive materials, such as perovskites and black phosphorus.

The mechanism by which insects sense the presence of the phloem-limited, unculturable bacteria Candidatus liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) is poorly understood. Here, the authors identify psyllid Toll8 as the primary pattern recognition receptor of the CLas outer membrane protein Barrel. They describe an immune Toll8-MyD88-IKKE-NFAT axis that regulates the expression of antimicrobial effectors, as well as an SDE3230-dependent mechanism through which CLas suppresses Toll signaling.

AP-4 assembles non-clathrin coats for membrane trafficking. Here, authors present the structures of AP-4 and the AP-4/ARF1 complex, revealing its dynamic conformations essential for synergistic engagement of ARF1 and cargoes for membrane recruitment.

In the phase III NAPOLI-3 trial, first-line treatment with NALIRIFOX was associated with improved overall survival compared to gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Here the authors report the results of a randomized phase II trial comparing the two regimens, NALIRIFOX versus Gemcitabine plus Nab-Paclitaxel, in Chinese patients.

Controlled dislocation self-assembly is demonstrated in discontinuous-columnar Bi(Fe,Mn)O₃ thin film. Guiding dislocations along grain boundaries tailors polarization homogeneity, revealing a microstructure-driven design principle for ferroelectrics.

The presence of EGFR mutations and de novo MET aberrations limited response to EGFR inhibitors in patients with advance non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, the authors report a phase 2 randomised clinical trial investigating first-line osimertinib (EGFR inhibitor) plus savolitinib (c-MET inhibitor) in patients with MET-aberrant, EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC.

This study finds that plastic mulch substantially increases crop yields but also contaminates soils and pollutes the environment. The authors propose biodegradable films, AI-driven farming, and policy reforms to address the productivity–sustainability trade-offs.

Using single-cell transcriptomics and functional analyses, the authors identify a specialized neural network in the male schistosome gynecophoric canal and show that lsamp maintains its integrity, enabling intersex communication and female reproductive maturation.

On-chip circularly polarized light (CPL) detectors are relevant for various applications, but current approaches have shown a trade-off between wide spectral detection range, high discrimination ratio and high polarization sensitivity. Here, the authors report broadband high-performance CPL detectors based on twisted black phosphorus structures.

The efficacy of radiotherapy is sometimes hindered by the hypoxic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Chen et al. develop an injectable hydrogel encapsulating IL-12/aCTLA-4 co-engineered red blood cells, thereby alleviating hypoxia-induced radioresistance and sequentially releasing aCTLA-4/IL-12 to relieve tumor immunosuppression.

This study shows that excessive atmospheric nitrogen deposition can enhance methane production and emissions by impacting microbial phosphorus acquisition due to the change of N/P ratios in oxygenated surface oceans.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Efficient and durable energy storage is vital for renewable integration. Here, the authors design an aqueous iron-cerium redox flow battery using a universal complexing agent that enhances stability and efficiency, achieving long cycle life and high performance in neutral conditions.

Fracto-mechanoluminescence is the emission of light from fracturing solids. Here, the authors show that this emission in Mn halides arises from elastic stiffness, electromechanical coupling, and trap states that activate Mn²⁺ d−d transitions.

Synthetic methylotrophic S. cerevisiae often faces energetic constrains during one-carbon assimilation. Here, the authors address this issue by engineering of heterologous methanol-formate-formaldehyde oxidation pathways to enable CO₂ assimilation via non-native Calvin cycle during methanol fermentation.

Here they show that G9a-mediated H3K9me2 regulates intestinal homeostasis and injury repair through repression of cell cycle arrest genes in both mouse and human.

A genome-wide association study in rice identifies variation in SBRR1 associated with sheath blight resistance. Introducing the SBRR1-R allele into a commercial rice variety reduces yield loss under severe exposure to sheath blight disease.

Yersinia pestis is a bacterial pathogen that caused major historic pandemic outbreaks and currently associated with endemic infection. Here the authors use an intramuscular prime vaccination with OMV46-LcrV/Alum and a subsequent boost with intranasal adjuvant free LcrV antigen and test in a murine model of pneumonic plague.

Through integrated multi-omics and experimental validation, this study reveals that altered gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism activate TLR3 to induce urothelial injury in interstitial cystitis, identifying a pathway with therapeutic potential.

This study shows that the mechanical weakness of the mantle in the Tyrrhenian Basin leads to its exhumation at the continent-ocean transition, which is simultaneously punctuated with discrete oceanic crust.

The role of RNA-binding protein (RBP) phase separation in transcriptional regulation and its contribution to tumorigenesis remains to be characterised. Here, the authors show that RBP AKAP95 physically co-condenses with the mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1) translocated fragment commonly found in MLL rearranged (MLLr) leukemia to promote leukemogenesis.

The efficiency of selenium photovoltaics is hindered by the poor crystallization of the Se film. Wen, Li, Lu and colleagues use light to initiate Se crystallization, suppressing dewetting and enabling the formation of a continuous film, which achieves a certified efficiency of 10.3%.

Man-made electronics often face trade-offs among biological-like plasticity, electrical performance, and structural integrity. The authors show that ion-specific effects in biology can be leveraged to create reconfigurable materials for bionic electronics.

Wang, Chu, Chen, Wei and colleagues discover a subset of tumour-associated macrophages expressing SLC2A1 whose spatial proximity to CD8⁺ T cells drives resistance to anti-PD-L1 treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Large-effect variants in autism remain elusive. Here, the authors use long-read sequencing to assemble phased genomes for 189 individuals, identifying pathogenic variants in TBL1XR1, MECP2, and SYNGAP1, plus nine candidate structural variants missed by short-read methods.

Micromitophagy is found to occur in plant male germline cells, mediated by ATG5–HSP90.2 signalling, and is evolutionarily conserved in angiosperms. This mechanism underpins paternal mitochondrial elimination and supports the zygote-to-embryo transition.

Generation of orbital currents in a non-magnetic material can be useful to build efficient orbitronic devices. Now, the interplay of chiral phonons and electrons is shown to produce orbital currents in α-quartz.

CO₂ conversion to CH₃OH under mild conditions is of particular interest yet rather challenging. Here, the authors report a sun-simulated-driven tandem catalytic system comprising CO₂ electroreduction to syngas, and further photothermal conversion into high-purity CH₃OH (volume fraction <97%).

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) has built a cohort of more than half a million individuals with Han Chinese ancestry, providing a rich resource of genetic and medical data for this group.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries are safe and affordable but limited by incompatible electrode kinetics. Here, authors present a machine learning framework that resolves this mismatch, enabling the rational design of durable and stretchable zinc-ion batteries.

CrPS₄, a 2D van der Waals A-type antiferromagnet, is shown to exhibit ideal characteristics of Stoner–Wohlfarth antiferromagnets, such as ferromagnet-like binary switching rather than layer-by-layer flipping as in other 2D A-type antiferromagnets.

Zhang et al. found that histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) condensation is responsible for temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma by recruiting CCCTC-binding factor and remodeling chromatin in a deacetylase-independent manner. Disrupting the HDAC1 condensates with resminostat restores the sensitivity to temozolomide.

Cargo transport from the ER to the Golgi is highly selective. Here the authors identify three secretory pathway localized proteins that regulate ER sorting of receptor kinases in Arabidopsis and are required to support pollen tube growth.

Powering single organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) device is challenging as power reductions can cause unstable device outputs. Wu et al. report a wearable, self-powered biosensor with a dual-OECT amplifier powered by an organic solar cell for monitoring physiological signals under varying light conditions.

Morphology control of two-dimensional metastable phase nanomaterials is a core issue for catalyst design. Here, two-dimensional metastable-phase Ni hexagonal nanosheets are synthesized via a one-pot method, exhibiting competitive catalytic performance in the electrocatalytic acetone hydrogenation.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

On-surface synthesis recently enabled access to generate a series of cyclo[n]carbons via delicately designed precursors but for large cyclocarbons, synthesis of the corresponding precursors is challenging. Here, the authors report a strategy for synthesizing larger cyclocarbons via the coupling and ring-opening reactions from smaller ones.

Cold tolerance at the booting stage is critical for the expansion of rice cultivation area. Here, the authors report that a CAMTA family transcription factor encoding gene CTB3 positively regulates japonica rice booting stage cold tolerance and its upstream and downstream interactors to fulfill the functionality.

Mechanisms confer to the enhanced cold tolerance in japonica rice have not been fully elucidated. Here, the authors report a homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) I transcription factor encode gene CTB5 is responsible for japonica rice cold tolerance by interacting with genes in gibberellin and abscisic acid pathways.

The mechanisms underlying oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and neuron interactions remain unclear. Here, the authors show that chromatin remodeler BAF155 regulates OPC differentiation and myelination by coordinating synaptic genes for OPC neuron communication, contributing to autism-like behavioral deficits in mice

Psychedelics and their non-hallucinogenic analogues were compared, revealing that serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT_2AR)-mediated G_i signalling is essential for hallucinogenic effect, with the functional mechanisms underlying this providing insights for designing therapeutic drugs without hallucinogenic effects.