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Investigating the inner structure of baryons is important to further our understanding of the strong interaction. Here, the BESIII Collaboration extracts the absolute value of the ratio of the electric to magnetic form factors and its relative phase for e + e − → J/ψ → ΛΣ decays, enhancing the signal thanks to the vacuum polarisation effect at the J/ψ peak.

Beck et al. develop a model where striosomes create a flexible “decision-space” that adapts to environmental context and internal state. It explains how we make choices and why decision-making varies between people, and in neuropsychiatric disorders.

Wu et al. developed a technique for longitudinal imaging with subcellular resolution of the spinal cord without causing inflammation or microglia activation in live mouse through an optically cleared intervertebral window.

Upon emerging from their pupal case, insects swiftly deploy their wings from a compact origami-like structure to a fully extended blade. Here, authors use a combination of imaging and mechanical tests to model the kinematics and dynamics of wing deployment in Drosophila.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

Energy relaxation crucially impacts transport properties of mesoscopic devices. Here the authors show that energy can be distributed between distant parts of the sample, which may provide a resolution to an outstanding puzzle concerning energy conservation in transport through quantum Hall edges.

Exotic states can be stabilized in strongly-correlated systems with non-trivial topological properties. Here, Wang et al. propose a topological p-wave excitonic insulator characterized by a chiral Chern number 1/2.

Antiferromagnets have attracted interest for spin-based information processing due to their resilience to stray magnetic fields and extremely rapid spin dynamics, however, long range spin wave transport has only been shown in one type of antiferromagnet thus far. Here, Das et al demonstrate long range spin wave transport in antiferromagnetic YFeO3.

The Large Hadron Collider beauty collaboration reports a test of lepton flavour universality in decays of bottom mesons into strange mesons and a charged lepton pair, finding evidence of a violation of this principle postulated in the standard model.

Extreme magnetoresistance is characterized by a large and non-saturating magnetoresistance. Typically, it is observed in materials with compensated bandstructures, however, here, Christensen et al demonstrate a large and non-saturating magnetoresistance in a γAl2O3/SrTiO3 heterostructure, which is related to disorder, rather than the materials bandstructure.

In this double-blind, randomised, crossover trial, a diet rich in fermentable foods was shown to improve the glucose-lowering efficacy of metformin due, at least in part, to changes in gut microbiota composition.

Signatures of magnetism control by the flow of angular momentum are observed in Pt/Al/Fe/GaAs(001) multilayers by the application of an in-plane charge current in Pt.

A violation of Lorentz symmetry would represent a fundamental departure from the physics of the standard model. Searching for anomalous neutrino oscillations, the IceCube collaboration reports no violation, and puts stringent bounds on its existence.

An ensemble of spins from nitrogen–vacancy centres in diamonds is prepared in a spin-squeezed state.

The field-reversal configuration (FRC) represents a fusion device concept capable of high power density with a compact geometry. Here, the authors report on the generation and sustainment of a FRC by means of neutral beam injection in the C-2W machine at TAE technologies. This contributes towards establishing FRC as an alternative economic fusion device.

The growth of aortic aneurysms can be predicted via a dimensionless physiomarker, derived from first principles and calculated from data acquired via 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging, that describes a transition from stable blood flow to unstable aortic fluttering.

Reference-free integrative analysis of spatial transcriptomics data is achieved with archetype analysis.

Hiʻiaka is the largest moon of the distant dwarf planet Haumea. Here, the authors report the first multi-chord stellar occultations of Hiʻiaka, revealing its size, shape, and density, suggesting an origin from Haumea’s icy mantle.

Interactive protocols can verify that a quantum computer exhibits a computational speedup using only classical analysis of its output. Exploiting a connection to Bell’s theorem gives a simpler protocol that is much less demanding for experiments.

This work explores infrared thermochromic antennas made of vanadium dioxide for self-adaptive thermal radiators, demonstrating a scalable, cost-effective, and versatile technique for large emissivity contrast composites that can find applications in energy-efficient cooling and heating.

Probing strongly interacting quantum systems with high spatial resolution can be challenging. An experiment now uses disorder in nuclear spin chains as a local probe to investigate spin and energy hydrodynamics.

PCR is an essential method for the amplification and manipulation of nucleic acids, but the requirement for a thermocycler limits access. Here, authors engineer a helicase to replace the heating step of PCR with enzymatic unwinding, allowing the isothermal amplification of fragments up to 6 kb.

The authors measure the nucleon axial vector form factor, which encodes information on the distribution of the nucleon weak charge, through antineutrino–proton scattering.

The study analyses data from NASA’s MMS mission to examine electromagnetic fluctuations in the electron diffusion region of Earth’s magnetotail offering insights into the link between reconnection and turbulence. It finds that electromagnetic anomalous viscosity supplies, at times, around 20% of the reconnection electric field.

This study reveals that during human gait development, neuromotor modules (muscle synergies) and limb biomechanical properties co-evolve toward bilateral symmetry, which enhances locomotor stability. By combining longitudinal EMG, kinematic, and neuromusculoskeletal modeling data from infants, adults, and elders, the authors demonstrate that functional symmetrization of these modules underlies efficient and stable gait control across the lifespan.

Barium tagging is a key ingredient for future detectors of neutrinoless double beta decay in low-background environments. Here, the authors demonstrate fluorescence imaging of single Ba2+ ions in high pressure Xenon gas, by comparing activity between Ba2+ chelated and unchelated samples of crown-ether chemosensors.

The collinear antiferromagnet ruthenium dioxide (RuO₂) can generate an electric-field-induced spin current with a well-defined tilted spin orientation that is approximately parallel to the Néel vector.

How reduced blood flow plays a role in progressive white matter loss during aging and associated cognitive decline is unclear. Here the authors show that selective constriction and rarefaction of capillary–venous networks contribute to age-related hypoperfusion and white matter damage in mice.

A particle shower detected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the very high energy of the Glashow resonance demonstrates its potential for the study of high-energy particle physics and astrophysics.

A previously unsampled deep lineage in central Argentina was discovered that had distinctive genetic drift by 8,500 bp and persisted as the main Native American ancestry component in the region up to the present day.

Anisotropic hybridization between conduction and unpaired f electrons is rarely observed. Now, a lanthanide-based two-dimensional compound exhibits nodal hybridization, giving rise to heavy-fermion behaviour.

A better understanding of how grasslands have responded to past environmental changes will help predict the outcomes of future changes. This study explores past climatic fluctuations and shifts in the diversification rate of grasses and daisies, finding strong evidence for a simultaneous increase in their diversification rates following a reduction of atmospheric CO₂ in the Cenozoic.

Plants across many ecosystems are increasingly exposed to dryness stress. Using meta-analysis, the authors show that plants can adjust their hydraulic traits in response to drought and other global change factors, but not equally across traits and not enough to prevent lethal hydraulic failure.

Spatial expression assays are affected by segmentation errors leading to difficulty interpreting cell types. Here, the authors introduce a machine learning model to infer cell types accounting for such errors, and evaluation metrics and gold-standard datasets to enable further advances in this area.

Using spin-entangled baryon–antibaryon pairs, the BESIII Collaboration reports on high-precision measurements of potential charge conjugation and parity (CP)-symmetry-violating effects in hadrons.

Vortices in an electron fluid are directly observed in a para-hydrodynamic regime in which the spatial diffusion of electron momenta is enabled by small-angle scattering rather than electron–electron scattering.

The dayside thermal emission spectrum and brightness temperature map of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-18b obtained from the NIRISS instrument on the JWST showed water emission features, an atmosphere consistent with solar metallicity, as well as a steep and symmetrical decrease in temperature towards the nightside.

Aggregates of misfolded proteins are sequestered in the aggresome via dynein transport in an aggregate size-dependent manner. Here, authors find episodic transport kinetics mediated by aggresome-dynein adapters are central to this size-filter effect.

Global control of a qubits using a single microwave field is a promising strategy for scalable quantum computing. Here the authors demonstrate individual addressability vial local electrodes and two-qubit gates in an array of Si quantum dot spin qubits dressed by a global microwave field and driven on-resonance.

This work presents a fully implantable wireless optogenetic device that delivers spatiotemporally patterned cortical stimulation through the skull and generates artificial perception in mice.

This study introduces a label-free imaging and machine learning platform that predicts hematopoietic stem cell function based on their dynamic behaviors, offering new insights into stem cell diversity and potential clinical applications.

Federated learning (FL) algorithms have emerged as a promising solution to train models for healthcare imaging across institutions while preserving privacy. Here, the authors describe the Federated Tumor Segmentation (FeTS) challenge for the decentralised benchmarking of FL algorithms and evaluation of Healthcare AI algorithm generalizability in real-world cancer imaging datasets.