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The immune mechanism of radioresistance in cancer patients remains to be explored. The authors here show that CXCL13 is upregulated in tumor regions upon radiation, which recruits immune suppressive CXCR5⁺ monocytes. Blocking CXCR5/CXCL13 interactions facilitate tumor control following radiation.

This study reveals that over half of China’s steel units lack sufficient renewable energy for hydrogen-based direct reduced iron technology. Aggressive deployment would increase carbon emissions, economic costs, and water usage in the steel sector.

Shangchun Jiang and colleagues propose a micro/nano-scale mechanical energy storage device based on two-dimensional materials. By mimicking the morphology of a spiral spring, this device achieves fully reversible mechanical energy storage within a compact space without causing plastic deformation in the material

Renewable-fuelled plant factories (RFPFs) offer great promise for resilient food production. This study presents a multidimensional geospatial analysis to devise RFPF deployment schemes that aim to meet the population’s dietary vegetable demand in China’s 369 city-level regions.

A new method is described that uses a periscope to generate high-speed, high-resolution projections of light fields, enabling sub-second volumetric 3D printing of millimetre-scale objects without rotating the sample.

The use of base editing enables precise genetic modifications in model animals. Here the authors show high efficient single-base editing in zebrafish using modified Cas9 and its VQR variant with an altered PAM specificity.

Plants and pathogens secrete proteases to aid defense or counter immunity. Here the authors show that Xanthomonas oryzae secretes a cysteine protease to degrade the rice defense protein OsXIP2 whereas rice counter-attacks by secreting a cysteine protease inhibitor.

This study reports a motif of local field potentials that maps onto the anatomical layers of the cortex, is preserved across macaque cortical areas and across primates and may represent a ubiquitous layer-based and frequency-based cortical mechanism.

Pumpkin rootstock delivers CmoKARI1 mRNA to cucumber scion under chilling stress, enhancing tolerance by activating JA-Ile signaling. This mobile mRNA acts as a key chilling-responsive signal, redefining the understanding of rootstock–scion communication.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis of individuals with clinically assessed or self-reported depression identifies 44 independent risk loci. Comparisons with other psychiatric disorders and candidate gene analyses provide new insights into major depressive disorder.

The uneven surfaces of copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells pose challenges for depositing the upper layers in flexible perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cells. Ying et al. tackle this issue using an antisolvent and seeding strategy, resulting in a certified efficiency of 23.8%.

Rat hepatitis E virus (HEV) can infect humans, but the extent of spillover isn’t well studied. Here the authors develop a serological test that distinguishes exposure to rat HEV from other HEV infection and show substantial spillover in a biodiversity hotspot in China. The method can support surveillance of rat HEV.

Metal/oxide interface is of fundamental significance to heterogeneous catalysis. Here, the authors construct a nanometer Pd/Bi₂O₃ interface by grafting Pd clusters onto Bi₂O₃ clusters and demonstrate its essential roles in the low-temperature semi-hydrogenation of acetylene.

Manipulating collective phenomena in solid-state platforms with optical means is an ongoing topic of interest in condensed matter physics. Here, the authors demonstrate all-optical room-temperature manipulation of electronic states in the charge-density-wave material EuTe₄.

Autologous skin flap transplantation is a common method to repair complex soft tissue defects. Here the authors develop a hydrogel patch that releases carbon monoxide and nitric oxide gases on demand, to afford a timely blood supply for skin flap transplantation during surgery, just improving the incidence of distal necrosis of the flap and reducing long-term functional loss.

Although continuous monitoring of tissue oxygenation is critically important after tissue/organ graft procedures, current technologies have key limitations. Here, the authors develop a miniaturized, minimally invasive, self-anchoring optical probe and demonstrate continuous monitoring of oxygenation in porcine flap and organ models.

The dynamic regulation of supramolecular chirality in non-equilibrium systems can provide valuable insights into molecular self-assembly in living systems. Here, the authors demonstrate the use of chemical fuels for regulating self-assembly pathway, which thereby controls the supramolecular chirality of a non-equilibrium assembled system.

Wnt signalling can be transmitted both through a canonical pathway, via the co-receptors LRP5/6, and through Frz in a non-canonical pathway. Here, the authors demonstrate a direct interaction between Frz and LRP5/6, describing a new mechanism for how these receptors are primed to respond to Wnt ligands.

Electrocatalytic reduction of water is a very important process for developing energy solutions. Here, the authors report a graphitic-carbon nitride/nitrogen-doped graphene composite material capable of efficiently evolving hydrogen, and experimentally and computationally probe the origin of this behaviour.

Genomic analysis of 5,303 Chinese women with recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD) enables the identification and replication of two genome-wide significant loci contributing to risk of MDD on chromosome 10: one near the SIRT1 gene; the other in an intron of the LHPP gene.

Mirror-enhanced scanning light-field microscopy (MiSLFM) achieves long-term high-speed 3D imaging at near-isotropic subcellular resolution with a single objective, facilitating native observations of various intracellular and intercellular interactions.

The reliable operation of solid-state batteries requires stable or passivating interfaces between solid components. In this Review, we discuss models for interfacial reactions and relate the predictions to experimental findings, aiming to provide a deeper understanding of interface stability.

The Impact of Genomic Variation on Function Consortium is combining single-cell mapping, genomic perturbations and predictive modelling to investigate relationships between human genomic variation, genome function and phenotypes and will provide an open resource to the community.