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Tergaonkar and colleagues identify a noncanonical interaction between the NF-κB transcription factor family member p52 and the ETS family member ETS1. They find that the p52–ETS1 complex is required for splenic germinal center B cell formation and T cell-dependent antibody responses.

Tissue-resident macrophages (TRM) are important mediators of local immunity. Here the authors show that the deficiency or inhibition of a kinase, WNK1, unlinks macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling and resulted macropinocytosis with the downstream, potentially IRF8-mediated genetic program to bias progenitor differentiation to neutrophil instead of TRM.

Using data from a single time point, passenger-approximated clonal expansion rate (PACER) estimates the fitness of common driver mutations that lead to clonal haematopoiesis and identifies TCL1A activation as a mediator of clonal expansion.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

Hegazy and colleagues demonstrate that epithelial oncostatin M receptor expression drives gut inflammation and tumor formation.

The transcription factors TCF1 and LEF1 promote self-renewal and regulatory functions in B-1a cells.

Immune tolerance to food is mediated by CD4⁺ T cells forming subsets of T helper cells lacking the capacity to trigger gut pathology but able to produce regulatory T cells that may suppress it.

Multiomic analysis of blast-phase myeloproliferative neoplasms identifies a chromosome 21 amplicon harboring DYRK1A as a clonal and therapeutically targetable event in around a quarter of cases.

Directional, non-vesicular lipid transport is responsible for fast, species-selective lipid sorting into organelle membranes.

How changes in species’ native occupancy over time relate to global naturalization success remains unclear. Here, the authors show that species with both high occupancy decades ago and increasing native occupancy ever since are more likely to become naturalized elsewhere.

Here, the authors characterize the effects of Lactobacillus casei strains engineered to express pathogenic or non-pathogenic Listeria adhesion protein (LAP) in systemic colonization and protection against lethal Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice and show that these engineered strains can colonize the intestine and prevent dissemination of L. monocytogenes and protect against lethal infection while promoting immunomodulatory effects.

Retrograde signalling ensures message communication between organelles and the nucleus. A pivotal regulator of plant retrograde signalling, GENOMES UNCOUPLED1, is now found to regulate protein import into chloroplast during chloroplast biogenesis or under stress conditions.

SCIFER detects clonal selection in whole-genome sequencing data using a population genetics model. Applied to a range of somatic tissues, SCIFER quantifies stem cell dynamics and infers clonal ages and sizes without requiring knowledge of driver events.

Antigen escape relapse remains a major obstacle when treating B-cell malignancies with immunotherapies. Here, the authors show that IKAROS regulates the surface expression of CD19 and CD22, revealing a mechanism by which B-cell cancers evade targeted immunotherapies.

Genetic and genome-wide analysis of a catalytically deficient SETDB1-like enzyme, MET-2, in Caenorhabditis elegans reveals that MET-2 promotes transcriptional silencing and fertility through both H3K9 methylation and focus formation, which blocks histone acetylation.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Robbins and colleagues show that cigarette smoke-induced endothelial dysfunction enables atherosclerotic plaque macrophages to drive abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in a mouse model of atherosclerosis.

Here, the authors develop a chronic murine model of Acinetobacter baumannii pulmonary infection that overcomes some limitations of acute models and allows investigation of virulence factors, long-term antibiotic treatment, and polymicrobial infections.

Gámez-García et al. show that the deacetylase SIRT7 modulates the acetylation of Pax5 and its ability to repress alternate lineage programs and promote B cell differentiation and commitment in B cell progenitor cells.

Understanding the mechanisms of chemoresistance in multiple myeloma (MM) remains elusive. Here, the authors identify a long non-coding RNA termed as PLUM that is overexpressed in NF-ĸB mutant high-risk MM and interacts with EZH2 to mediate PRC2 complex formation promoting chemoresistance via the activation of the UPR pathway.

The transcriptional regulation of the differentiation of innate lymphoid cells remains incompletely characterized. Kaye and colleagues show that the transcriptional regulator TOX is required for the differentiation of common lymphoid progenitors into the innate lymphoid cell lineage.

Uranium oxo groups are very inert, in contrast with many transition metal oxo compounds that can carry out reactions that are difficult to achieve with other reagents. Now, the controlled lithiation of a ‘Pacman’ complex is shown to activate the uranium oxo group towards functionalization and single electron transfer.

BRD9 is a core non-canonical BAF component. Here the authors show that BRD9 plays a pivotal role in regulating the disease-related cell fate of hematopoietic stem cells. Its loss promotes myeloid skewing while impairing B cell development by altering CTCF-mediated chromatin states.

Bhandoola and colleagues show that the transcription factor TCF-1 restrains the dendritic cell lineage potential in innate lymphoid cell progenitors.

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an inherited gastrointestinal syndrome associated with duodenal adenoma formation. Here the authors show that IL17A-producing NKp44- group 3 innate lymphoid cells accumulate in FAP duodenal tissue and are associated with duodenal adenoma formation in patients with FAP.

Giant planets on wide, eccentric orbits—like the putative Planet Nine—may form from dynamical planetary instabilities when stars are embedded in their natal stellar clusters. Simulations suggest a 1–5% chance of such planets forming in exoplanetary systems and up to 40% in the Solar System.

ADP-heptose binds to ALPK1, triggering transcriptional reprogramming and NF-κB activation, endowing pre-leukaemic cells with a competitive advantage due to excessive clonal proliferation.

An RNA-binding protein on leukemia cells provides an effective target in mouse models.

Primary angle-closure glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness. Here, the authors identify rare deleterious variants in UBOX5 as risk factors and implicate BIP ubiquitination as a potential disease mechanism.

Therapeutic application of hematopoietic stem cells requires a thorough understanding of their in situ differentiation pathways. Here they use single cell proteo-transcriptomic sequencing to identify human HSPC differentiation cues and an immunoregulatory function of CD273/PD-L2 on early HSPCs.

Toghani, Gupte et al. identify semaphorin 4A as a cell-extrinsic factor that protects myeloid-biased hematopoietic stem cells from inflammaging, mainly produced by their progeny—neutrophils—and acting via a negative feedback loop.

Expression of the transporter SID-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans neurons renders the cells sensitive to systemic RNAi and permits previously unidentified neuronal phenotypes to be uncovered. This expression also reduces RNAi in nonneuronal cell types, allowing examination of neuronal functions of lethal genes.

A Telluride Science Workshop on electrochemical separations was convened in early 2025. In this Feature, 17 of the workshop participants share their perspectives and future outlooks on this rapidly growing research area.

Bendelac, McDonald and colleagues show that the NK cell-committed precursor in the mouse bone marrow expresses the transcription factor Eomes.

Patients with different small round cell sarcoma (SRCS) often receive the same treatment regimen but for some SRCS subtypes, response to chemotherapy is poor and targeted treatment options are limited. Here, the authors establish a biobank of paediatric patient-derived SRCS tumoroids and perform drug screening, identifying MCL inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy in CIC::DUX4 sarcomas.

The PrimeGen framework is a multi-agent large language model system used to navigate intricate primer design workflows for amplicon sequencing.

Timely identification and treatment of cerebral lesions in high-risk neonates are crucial. Here, the authors present a deep learning system that extracts multiple standard views from neonatal cranial ultrasound videos and diagnoses severe cerebral lesions with high accuracy, outperforming junior radiologists.

Dong and Sun et al. show that adipogenesis regulatory cells in murine white adipose tissue inhibit adipogenesis through RSPO2, which regulates maturation of early progenitor cells via Lgr4.

It has been previously reported that the natural cytotoxic receptor NKp46 plays an important role in regulating natural killer (NK) cell biology. Here the authors show that NKp46 is required for the proliferation and cytotoxicity of type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway and regulating IL-2Rα expression.

The colonization of bone marrow by haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is critical for lifelong blood cell formation. Here the authors report distinct features of fetal bone marrow and show that artery-derived signals promote haematopoietic colonization.

Clonal hematopoiesis is driven by the selective advantage of mutant hematopoietic stem cells. Here, authors discover that elevated mitochondrial activity is a targetable mechanism by which mutant hematopoietic stem cells gain a selective advantage.