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Deep-ultraviolet micro-light-emitting diodes based on aluminium gallium nitride are fabricated for maskless photolithography. The peak wavelength is 270 nm, and the 3 μm device achieved a peak external quantum efficiency of 5.7% and a maximum brightness of 396 W cm^–2.

An AI-powered spatiotemporal imputation and prediction model (STIMP) is designed to predict Chlorophyll-a distributions in coastal oceans. STIMP reduces imputation mean absolute error and improves predictability compared to traditional and current leading AI methods.

We develop a double-layer thin-film structure for active-matrix displays using InGaN/AlGaInP heterogeneous integration and demonstrate a prototype of full-color micro-LED micro-display with a pixel density of 391 ppi.

A core-shell hydride 3CeH₃@BaH₂, which exhibits fast H⁻ conduction at ambient temperature and becomes a superionic conductor above 60 °C, is used to construct an all-solid-state rechargeable H⁻ battery.

China’s housing vacancy rate is estimated to have exceeded 30% since 2021. New research shows that targeted vacancy reduction, renovation, and demolition limits could cut China’s urban housing construction emissions by over 43% by 2060, aiding efforts toward meeting carbon neutrality goals.

Neural mechanisms underlying sensory and motor control are not fully understood. Here authors identify two distinct neuron groups in the primary sensorimotor cortex (SM1) that mediate descending pain inhibition via brainstem-spinal circuits. Silencing these neurons disrupts motor-induced analgesia but not basic sensation, uncovering a motor-driven pain control pathway.

A general approach to maximize upconversion luminescence in stoichiometric lanthanide lattices is lacking. Here, Chen et al. report a NaYbF₄:Tm lattice and demonstrate fine-tuning of energy migration by controlling dimensions of the crystal lattice, highlighting their potential for deep ultraviolet lasing.

Organozinc compounds have become ubiquitous and versatile intermediates, finding widespread applications in synthetic chemistry, but structurally characterized zinc-boryl species are extremely rare. Here, the authors synthesize a zinc-Bcat compound which exhibits amphiphilic reactivity.

The simultaneous achievement of high breakdown voltage and low resistance is a contradictory point because it would require high and low doping simultaneously. Here, Zhou et al. achieve a power figure-of-merit of 13.2 GW/cm2 through hole injection and conductivity modulation effect.

The ability to efficiently transfer photons from a light source to an optical circuit is crucial, and requires efficient coupling of light to optical fibres and waveguides. Using state-of-the-art fabrication techniques, Hong-Gyu Park and colleagues create a device that uses nanowires to inject light into photonic-crystal waveguides in an efficient way. The structure could become an important part of the nanophotonics toolbox.

Accurate prediction of surgical outcomes is essential for selecting treatment plans and ensuring patient satisfaction in corrective jaw surgery (orthognathic surgery). Here, the authors present and validate GPOSC-Net, a generative model for orthognathic surgery planning, to predict surgical movement and synthesize post-operative cephalograms from pre-operative data using a diffusion model.

By engineering the upper and lower surfaces of micro-light-emitting-diode chips to have different van der Waals forces, hundreds and thousands of chips can be accurately aligned on substrates and used to create active-matrix displays.

A novel polarity-switchable photoelectrochemical photodetector based on III-nitride/MoS_xcore-shell nanowires is constructed. Such unique device architecture provides a new route for multiple-band spectrally distinctive photodetection.

New two-dimensional semiconductors may exhibit properties beyond inherent semiconducting attributes. Here the authors report protonated semiconducting III–V-derived van der Waals crystals with memristive properties.

Edge-exposed exfoliation using sticky tape is shown to be a simple and reliable method for scaling up the production of ultrathin, ultraflat and ultraflexible polycrystalline diamond membranes for diverse electrical, optical, mechanical, thermal, acoustic and quantum applications.

The position and emission wavelengths of single quantum dots embedded in a one-dimensional planar cavity can be simultaneously determined from a single photoluminescence image with 15 nm spatial accuracy and subnanometric spectral accuracy in the near-infrared.

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite materials are attracting great interest for their applications in photovoltaics where they have demonstrated excellent efficiency. Here, Dou et al.demonstrate room temperature, solution-processed hybrid perovskite photodetectors with fast response and high detectivity.

It has been suggested that the growth rate of nanocrystals is affected by the size and density of surrounding crystals. Here, the authors study the anisotropic growth of zinc oxide nanorod arrays, and show that rod diameter and height are interdependent, and may be affected by local interactions.

The use of biomarkers of ageing is crucial for investigating age-related processes. This Review discusses biomarkers of ageing and of ageing-associated physiological changes, at the cellular, tissue and organism levels in humans and non-human primates.

Chemical reduction of alkali cations to their metals is extremely challenging. Here, the authors synthesized a series of redox-active borate anions stabilized by bipyridine ligands which can reduce lithium ions generating elemental lithium metal and borate radicals.

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis has with few well-defined biomarkers or clinically effective treatments but is promoted by inflammation. Here, the authors find an active lipid [So(d18:1)] that is significantly changed in patients and promotes inflammation by directly inhibiting macrophage HIF-2α.

The role of phosphorylated CTD interacting factor-1 (PCIF1) in neuropathic pain-anxiety comorbidity remains elusive. Here, authors identify the SERBP1–PCIF1 complex, which targets m6Am modification in glutamatergic neurons of the S1HL, as a potential therapeutic target.

Structure-based generative chemistry is crucial in computer-aided drug discovery. Here, authors propose PMDM, a conditional generative model for 3D molecule generation tailored to specific targets. Extensive experiments demonstrate that PMDM can effectively generate rational bioactive molecules

Remote epitaxy is a method of growing single-crystal thin films and structures that can be made free-standing. It involves the formation of a 2D van der Waals interlayer that enables release of the grown material. This Primer describes the principles of remote epitaxy, including example applications and characterization of the 2D interlayer and epitaxial layer.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a prevalent and complex disorder in older adults. Guo et al. identify human antigen R as a regulator of ARHL in aged mice and demonstrate that cochlear human antigen R overexpression alleviates ARHL, highlighting it as a therapeutic target for the condition.

Triage is essential for the early diagnosis and reporting of emergency patients in the emergency department. Here, the authors develop an anomaly detection algorithm with a deep generative model that reprioritizes radiology worklists and provides lesion attention maps for brain CT images with critical findings.

A major challenge facing solar-to-fuel technologies is the integration of light-absorbing and catalytic components into efficient water-splitting devices. Here, the authors construct a photochemical diode array to harvest visible light and split pure water at high solar-to-hydrogen efficiencies.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

The significance of precatalyst activation and its impact on electrolyte properties in water electrocatalysis is crucial but often overlooked. The authors report an efficient transition metal catalyst for hydrogen production by manipulating both precatalyst reconstruction and electrolyte composition.

Millimetre-scale meron lattices that are stable at room temperature and under zero magnetic field can be used as spin injectors in light-emitting diodes, providing 22.5% circularly polarized electroluminescence.