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Activity in a set of parabranchial neurons in the mouse brain is increased during chronic pain, predicts coping behaviour, and can be modulated by circuits activated by survival threats.

In this Stage 2 Registered Report, Buchanan et al. show evidence confirming the phenomenon of semantic priming across speakers of 19 diverse languages.

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

A survey across 90 societies reveals that variation and change in everyday norms are explained by a single value dimension: the priority societies place on individualizing versus binding moral concerns.

The role of the tumour microenvironment in the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic melanoma remains poorly understood. Here, single cell profiling of metastatic melanoma samples identifies associations of the mature dendritic enriched in immunoregulatory molecules subtype with immunotherapy response.

An amphiphilic mimotope vaccine can be used in tandem with Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved CD19 CAR-T cell products.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

A large international panel of experts reach consensus on a new standard for reporting settings in psychedelic trials, identifying 30 key non-pharmacological factors to strengthen the rigor of psychedelic research.

Patients with different small round cell sarcoma (SRCS) often receive the same treatment regimen but for some SRCS subtypes, response to chemotherapy is poor and targeted treatment options are limited. Here, the authors establish a biobank of paediatric patient-derived SRCS tumoroids and perform drug screening, identifying MCL inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy in CIC::DUX4 sarcomas.

A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies representing 16 countries found that hobby engagement was associated with better mental and self-reported health in adults aged 65 years and older as well as correlation with higher life expectancy and national happiness levels.

The authors analyze rare coding variants in 1990 individuals with congenital kidney anomalies, finding diagnostic variants in 14.1% of cases. They identify two new causal genes, ARID3A and NR6A1, along with 38 candidate genes, providing evidence for shared genetics with other developmental disorders.

Understanding molecule-surface interactions is key to neat on-surface synthesis of functional nanomaterials. Here, the authors measure interactions of metal surface atoms with CO-terminated tips to reveal their nature and reliable adsorption sites.

This analysis of whole-genome sequencing data from 421 multiple myeloma samples elucidates the timing of key genomic events and shows associations between the timing of 1q gain and clinical outcome.

Political ecology aims to understand how politics and power influence both social and ecological dynamics. Conservation biologists and political ecologists tackle many of the same pressing environmental problems, but from quite different perspectives. In this Viewpoint, five political ecologists discuss their views on how the field can understand and tackle the biodiversity crisis.

Atmospheric dryness is increasing as air temperatures rise because of climate change. This Review explores temporal trends and spatial heterogeneity in global atmospheric dryness and the implications for plant growth, productivity and terrestrial carbon cycling.

The function of DNMT1 (DNA methyltransferase 1) in these subsets of immature, migrating cortical inhibitory interneurons is not fully understood. This study shows that DNMT1 regulates cortical development by orchestrating the migration of postmitotic SST+ interneurons and their signaling to cortical progenitors, with implications for proper cortical architecture and function.

This study presents an analytic framework to link imaging-derived brain phenotypes to gene expression. In the future, this approach may facilitate in vivo pharmacotranscriptomics and the development of personalized (pharmacological) interventions.

Widely cited studies have claimed that musical training is associated with enhanced neural encoding for sound at early stages of the auditory system. Results from this large-scale multisite study do not support this earlier claim.

In this Consensus Statement, a consortium of microbiome scientists discuss current sequencing data sharing policies and propose the use of a Data Reuse Information (DRI) tag to promote equitable and collaborative data sharing.

Literature produced inconsistent findings regarding the links between extreme weather events and climate policy support across regions, populations and events. This global study offers a holistic assessment of these relationships and highlights the role of subjective attribution.

Multi-omics can be used to characterise tumour and immune cell populations. Here the authors use multi-omics to characterise CLL blood and tissue samples and use prediction models for CLL TCR specificity and implicate interactions between galectin-9 and TIM3 as involved in CLL immune escape and propose galectin-9 as a possible immunotherapy target.

The first generation who engaged with digital technologies has reached the age where risks of dementia emerge, and the question emerges how digital technologies have affected cognitive capabilities. This meta-analysis synthesized existing evidence of 57 studies, finding that the use of digital technologies was associated with a reduced risk of cognitive impairment.

Single-cell comparison of developing bat and mouse limbs reveals conservation of cell populations and gene expression patterns, and suggests repurposing of genes involved in proximal limb development for wing evolution.

The benefits of different leisure activities for different aspects of aging remain unclear. Here, authors show that performing physical or creative activities is associated with important aging metrics and could help to prevent age-related decline.

Coherent quantum transition spectroscopy of the spin of a single antiproton is reported, demonstrating Rabi oscillations of the spin and enabling improved measurement of matter/antimatter symmetry using proton and antiproton magnetic moments.

The catalytic performance of dilute Pd-in-Au alloys depends on the Pd ensemble size on the bimetallic nanoparticle surface. Here the authors reveal how Pd ensemble formation on Au nanoparticles depends on the deposition sequence and nanoparticle–support wetting interactions, consequently affecting reactivity.

Genome-wide analyses identify 30 independent loci associated with obsessive–compulsive disorder, highlighting genetic overlap with other psychiatric disorders and implicating putative effector genes and cell types contributing to its etiology.

A genome-wide study by the Long COVID Host Genetics Initiative identifies an association between the FOXP4 locus and long COVID, implicating altered lung function in its pathophysiology.

A precise structure measurement of liquid carbon at pressures of around 1 million atmospheres obtained by in situ X-ray diffraction at an X-ray free-electron laser shows a complex fluid with transient bonding and approximately four nearest neighbours on average.

Genetic risk scores derived from GWAS of psychotic disorders are greater in creative professionals unaffected by psychosis. This association cannot be explained by shared environment or education. Thus, a shared genetic architecture underlies the propensity for creativity and psychosis.

A comparison of alpha diversity (number of plant species) and dark diversity (species that are currently absent from a site despite being ecologically suitable) demonstrates the negative effects of regional-scale anthropogenic activity on plant diversity.

Analysis of policies for promotion criteria to full professor from academic institutions and government agencies worldwide reveals considerable variation in assessment practices, particularly between the Global North and South.

Description of the cryo-EM structures of the parathyroid hormone type 1 receptor associated with G_q reveals two distinct extracellular conformations with N-glycans stabilizing a ligand-tilted conformation.

Here the authors unveil the essential role of MCL-1 for adult hair follicle regeneration and inhibition of proliferation stress-induced apoptosis in mice. They also identify a P53/MCL-1/BAK axis balancing proliferation and death of activated hair follicle stem cells to ensure proper hair growth.