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Most H₂ used in the chemical industry is derived from fossil fuels. Now it has been shown that coupling native microbial H₂ pathways with engineered alkene biosynthesis and membrane-bound Pd catalysis enables biocompatible hydrogenation of metabolic intermediates in living bacteria. This hybrid chemo-microbial platform supports the carbon-negative synthesis of industrial chemicals from waste-derived feedstocks.

Molecular machines capable of converting chemical energy into mechanical motion have a range of potential applications. Here, the authors report a tuneable, autonomous DNA origami engine fueled by RNA and activated by RNase H that mimics biological motors, driving cyclic microscale motion creating a self-resetting molecular actuator.

This study identifies AcuB as a conserved inhibitor of the deacetylase AcuC in bacteria. AcuB directly suppresses AcuC activity, and this inhibition is enhanced the alarmone diadenosine tetraphosphate, linking stress signaling to acetylation control.

This study shows that the Snowflake mutant in clownfish results from altered communication between pigment cells, producing enlarged white bars with jagged edges. It points to cell–cell communication as a driver of color pattern diversity in fishes.

Here the authors identify nicotine-derived inhibitors of the SARS-CoV−2 main protease that outperform Paxlovid in cells and mice, remain effective against resistant variants, and show broad activity against multiple human coronaviruses.

Using large-scale genetics and Genomic SEM/E-SEM, the study shows broad shared genetic risk between many physical illnesses and internalizing, neurodevelopmental, and substance-use disorders, revealing a transdiagnostic illness factor and cross-cutting disease pathways.

Neurotrophic factor Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) is involved in bladder physiopathology. Here the authors report that mast-cell derived NGF sustains the pro-tumoral functions of ILC2s in bladder cancer (BC), showing that selective targeting of the NGF receptor TrkA improves survival and response to immune checkpoint blockade in BC models.

Phase-separation of the transport protein LacY alters its membrane localization and mobility, preserves its transport activity, reduces cell membrane stress under osmotic upshift, and LacY forms mixed condensates with the enzyme β-galactosidase LacZ.

Sepsis is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease and it is believed treatment requires suitable stratification based on the underlying disease pathology and immunology. Here the authors show genetic variation in the regulatory elements of MTOR can impact neutrophil-T cell cross talk in the context of pneumonia associated sepsis, highlighting a genetic framework for targeted patient stratification.

Nonsense variants can disrupt gene function, but regional intolerance is poorly defined. Here, the authors develop a map of regional intolerance to nonsense mutations, improving loss‑of‑function variant interpretation and prioritising novel genes in rare disease.

Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma encompass clinically heterogeneous entities, including indolent and aggressive subtypes. Here, the authors show that the two indolent subtypes exhibit a persistent germinal centre reaction and thus may be driven by (a yet unknown) antigen.

DNA recognition and cleavage control in type II topoisomerases are poorly understood processes. Here, the authors determine cleaved and uncleaved structures of supercoiled DNA-bound topoisomerase VI that reveal how the enzyme activates its cleavage state and prefers to act at deformable substrates.

SPX1 is an inositol (pyro)phosphate-dependent negative regulator of DNA binding by the PHR transcription factor. Here the authors show that SPX1 can also bind the promoter element targeted by PHR suggesting a role for SPX1 during phosphate deficiency.

R-loops cause genome instability by creating conflicts with transcription and replication. Here the authors show that SFPQ binds R-loops at repetitive elements, recruits DAXX and maintains H3.3 deposition. Loss of SFPQ leads to genome instability and cGAS–STING activation, correlating with improved sarcoma patient survival.

Cationic amino acids are essential to protein synthesis and cellular signaling. Here, authors determine the structure of the cationic amino acid transporter 1 and determined how it is co-opted as a receptor for leukemia-causing animal viruses.

Anthropogenic nitrogen enrichment reduces symbiotic nitrogen fixation, but environmental factors alone cannot explain this response. This meta-analysis shows that integrating both environmental factors and plant performance traits improves the predictive accuracy of symbiotic nitrogen fixation responses by 42.7%.

This study shows that mithramycin suppresses the EWS::FLI1 transcription factor in Ewing sarcoma using a hybrid CUT, Tag & GRO assay, revealing mechanism, need for continuous dosing, and supporting clinical use of next-gen analog AIT-102.

The limited tunability of threshold voltage is a major obstacle for applying two-dimensional transistors in post-silicon electronics. Here, the authors show that bimetallic thiophosphates, such as LiInP₂S₆, enable programmable threshold voltages in both n-type and p-type 2D transistors, leading to low-power, high-speed complementary logic inverters.

The mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis requires coordinated protein–lipid signals. Here, Gelles et al. show that a BAX lipid-binding cavity for 2-trans-hexadecenal cooperates with BIM to allosterically activate BAX prior to membrane insertion.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has improved breast cancer patient outcomes but residual disease limits success. Here, the authors report a phase II clinical trial investigating talimogene laherparepvec (oncolytic virus engineered to express GM-CSF) combined with atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) in HER2-negative breast cancer patients with residual disease following NAC.

In atopic dermatitis (AD), skin barrier disruption leads to chronic inflammation. Here, the authors use single-cell sequencing to map human skin, uncovering AD-specific cell states and populations involved in immune responses and cell differentiation.

The transformations for aragonite precursors in coral are not fully understood but have implications in bio, biogenic and geological mineralization. Here, the authors use high-resolution mapping and observe exponential decay from the edge of four precursors to coral aragonite skeleton in Stylophora pistillata.

Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 58 independent risk loci for major anxiety disorders among individuals of European ancestry and implicates GABAergic signaling as a potential mechanism underlying genetic risk for these disorders.

Fibrosis is the final common pathway in chronic kidney disease and a potential target for therapeutic interventions. Here, the authors use intravital imaging to show that pyrimidinergic calcium signaling links tubular injury to fibroblast activation, and that blocking this pathway reduces fibrosis

Structural features of DNA double-strand break (DSB) ends play key roles in determining DNA repair pathway usage and outcomes. Here, the authors identify ERCC6L2, a poorly characterized ATPase, as playing a minimal role in blunt end DSB repair but crucial for repair of staggered end DSBs.

It is unclear whether the harsh abiotic conditions of drylands hinder biological invasions. This global analysis shows that drylands are vulnerable to non-native plants and are likely to become more so as native plant diversity declines and grazing pressure intensifies.

ATF6α activation in human and preclinical models of hepatocellular carcinoma is significantly associated with an aggressive tumour phenotype characterized by reduced survival, glycolytic reprogramming and local immunosuppression.

Exhaustion is a functional state that hampers anti-cancer and antiviral CD8 T cell activity, and is preceded by a stem-like state, maintained by the transcription factor TCF1. Here authors develop mouse models that allow a precise understanding of the developmental trajectory between the stem-cell-like and exhausted states of CD8 T cells and find that while constitutive overexpression of TCF1 expands the stem-like T cell pool, TCF1 expression specifically in already exhausted cells is unable to promote dedifferentiation.

This study shows that strain-stabilized interfacial polarization in metallic RuO₂/TiO₂ heterostructures modulates the work function by over 1 eV and the metallicity, establishing a new route to control the electronic properties of functional metals.

Here, the authors show that dietary fiber availability shapes the development and survival strategies of an intestinal worm, revealing stage-dependent plasticity and tight links between diet, the gut microbiome, host metabolism, and worm persistence.

Continuous monoculture of banana can result in proliferation of parasitic nematodes. Here the authors show that in the long term, soil can become suppressive to disease and this is associated with enrichment of free-living nematodes and Bacillus bacteria.

Here, the authors investigate the mechanism by which human aspartate/asparagine-β-hydroxylase (AspH), a 2OG-dependent oxygenase with an atypical Fe(II) coordination environment, catalyses hydroxylation of aspartate and asparagine residues in epidermal growth factor-like domains.

Borneol has repelled mosquitoes for millennia, but how it worked was unknown. Here, the authors show the sensory pathway mosquitoes use to detect and avoid this ancient plant compound, opening the door to improved natural repellents.

Neoantigen-based adoptive T cell therapies represent a personalized approach for cancer immunotherapy. Here the authors describe NEO-STIM, an ex vivo T cell induction platform to STIMulate peripheral blood T cells to generate responses against tumor NEOantigens.

Here the authors combine clinical and metabolomics data to identify distinct metabotypes of pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The results provide information regarding heterogeneity of MASLD presentation, but require validation in independent cohorts.

Autopsy brain studies can be distorted because time and temperature alter gene expression. Here, the authors show that neurons, then oligodendrocytes, sequentially activate artifact genes, and provide a tool to measure these effects in RNA sequencing data.

The study shows that incorporating information on pre-existing moisture conditions into the atmospheric river scale improves early-warning identification of flood-generating events.

The authors present evidence for the coexistence and coupling of ferroelectricity and superconductivity at amorphous LaAlO3/KTaO3(111) interfaces. Furthermore, flipping ferroelectric polarization reduces interfacial conductivity by more than 1000 times, and simultaneously suppresses superconductivity

Supersolid phases are quantum-entangled states of matter exhibiting the dual characteristics of superfluidity and solidity. Here, the authors map the phase diagram of K₂Co(SeO₃)₂. and identify signatures of two supersolid phases separated by a 1/3 magnetization plateau.

Here, the authors show that 2’-O-methylated RNA fragments from ribosomal RNA naturally block TLR7 and TLR8, helping to avoid avoid harmful self-RNA detection and autoimmunity.

Little work has been done to describe and address the variability inherent in the agroinfiltration and genetic engineering of Nicotiana benthamiana. Here, the authors identify and quantify the sources of virtually all variation and develop recommendations for minimizing variation.

Cardiac rhythm depends on tightly regulated sodium channel gating. Here, the authors determine the structure of human Na_v1.5 in an intermediate open state and show how specific N-terminal interactions and ion binding near the IFM motif together regulate fast inactivation.

Gestational exposure of mice to the obesogen tributyltin alters 3-D chromatin interactions in primordial germ cells leading to stable reduction of hepatic Ide expression and predisposing male descendants to insulin dysregulation and obesity.

Crystalline materials for optical applications are synthesized in living dinoflagellates.

Data from 12,608 pregnancies across 7 African countries and a simulation model suggest that the total number of malaria-exposed pregnancies across sub-Saharan Africa exceeded 13 million in 2023, and that current prevention measures avoided more than 2 million malaria-related anaemia cases.

The physiology and behavioral function of proprioceptors that detect joint limits are not fully understood. In this study, the authors used calcium imaging, optogenetics, behavioral genetics, and the connectome to demonstrate that hair plate proprioceptors on the fly leg detect joint limits and engage circuits to drive the leg away from those limits.

How neurons resolve gustatory inputs with opposing valences is currently unknown. Here, authors show that bitter and sweet gustatory receptor neurons in fruit flies converge on a pair of neuropeptidergic neurons that instruct opposing feeding behaviors via distinct transmitters based on the input they receive

CRISPR–Cas9 screening identifies CLCC1 as a factor that increases neutral lipid flux to prevent hepatic steatosis and promotes nuclear pore complex assembly by promoting membrane bending and fusion.