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Toxoplasma gondii forms membrane contact sites with the endoplasmic reticulum of the host cell to facilitate the transfer of biomolecules to its vacuole.

Mauthe et al. find that protein aggregate clearance requires fragmentation of the aggregate by a chaperone module and a proteasomal regulatory particle for recruitment and clustering of selective autophagy receptors to initiate phagophore formation.

Fresh ice grains from Enceladus’s plume were analysed during the highest-speed fly-by of the Cassini spacecraft. Organic compounds with a range of chemical structures were discovered, suggesting comprehensive subsurface chemistry on Enceladus.

This study presents LassoESM, a lasso peptide-tailored language model that provides effective representations to enhance property prediction and facilitate the rational design of lasso peptides.

CaMKII is a key enzyme in brain, heart, and egg cells, regulated by calcium signals. Here, authors show that charged residues in the variable linker tune CaMKII activity, a mechanism that may underlie cell type–specific responses.

Here the authors show how the DNA-sensing cGAS–STING pathway activates NF-κB and inflammatory gene expression with delayed kinetics via post-Golgi endolysosomal signaling.

In a phase 3 trial for Huntington’s disease, pridopidine did not meet its primary endpoints but was safe and favored in some prespecified subgroup analyses.

The gut microbiota can influence the severity of pneumonia through the production of metabolites. In this translational study, the authors investigate the effects of tryptophan metabolites, specifically indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), on pneumonia.

Genomic analyses of DNA from modern individuals show that, about 800 years ago, pre-European contact occurred between Polynesian individuals and Native American individuals from near present-day Colombia, while remote Pacific islands were still being settled.

Meta-analyses often rely on reported precision to weigh studies. Here, the authors show that such precision can be overstated, and introduce a method that reduces the resulting bias, using sample size as an instrument for reported precision.

The long-term natural history of long-COVID is not well understood. In this population-based cohort study from Scotland, the authors describe symptom prevalence and health-related quality of life up to 18 months after a positive SARS-CoV-2 test and compare with matched test-negative controls.

C-terminal α-amidated peptides are attractive therapeutic targets, but preparative methods to access amidated pharmaceuticals are limited both on lab and manufacturing-scale. Here, the authors report a straightforward and scalable approach to the C-terminal α-amidation of peptides and proteins from cysteine-extended polypeptide precursors.

The authors present a molecular classification of acute leukemia using 5-methylcytosine signatures, together with a neural network-based classifier for clinical use.

In vivo loss-of-function CRISPR screens were performed to identify genes influencing CAR T cell persistence and function in human multiple myeloma, highlighting CDKN1B as a promising target.

A new approach combining 3D imaging, computer vision and parametric modelling, named GRACE, is introduced, enabling adaptive and context-aware 3D printing of structures around features ranging from cellular to macroscopic scales with minimal user intervention.

Online cognitive testing combined with the reach of a digital patient registry revealed a subtype of people with Multiple Sclerosis with significant cognitive impairment but no motor deficits. This hidden disability is often underestimated and left untreated.

Two bead-based approaches for CRISPR diagnostics increase sensitivity and deployability in resource-constrained settings.

Heller et al. showed dense longitudinal imaging in four females, including one with endometriosis and one using oral contraceptives, and the finding that different hormonal milieus influence widespread brain volume changes linked to progesterone or estradiol.

Tree cover gains in the moist tropics (1982–2015) were 56% naturally regenerated forests and 27% managed tree systems, with forest type influencing carbon recovery. Effective forest restoration requires robust tracking of forest types established by restoration efforts.

An algorithm for proteoform identification with top-down mass spectra is proposed, and a pipeline is developed for generating simulated top-down spectra on the basis of input protein sequences with modifications.

Liver regeneration often fails during chronic liver disease. Here, the authors conduct multiomic profiling of human livers to demonstrate that RNA splicing is dysregulated in alcohol-associated liver disease, interfering with liver regeneration.

Resistance mutations in BCL-2 reduce the clinical efficacy of venetoclax. DeAngelo et al. show stapled BAD BH3 peptides can retain and even enhance binding to these mutants, offering a structurally informed strategy to overcome this mechanism of cancer drug resistance.

In a randomized trial of patients with a previous myocardial infarction and with residual inflammation, a monoclonal antibody targeting the LOX-1 receptor, thought to contribute to atherosclerotic plaque progression and inflammation, reduced soluble LOX-1 and interleukin-6 levels but did not lead to a substantial reduction in coronary plaque volume.

A combined sequencing technique assesses 18 patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer over a multi-year period from diagnosis to recurrence and shows drug resistance typically arises from selective expansion of one or a few clones present at diagnosis.

Whether higher-order visual areas exhibit a fine-grained functional organization remains poorly understood. Here, the authors use high-resolution fMRI to reveal that category-selective regions in macaques are organized into mesoscale functional units which form distinct long-range mesoscale functional networks.

Chapman, Klaourakis and colleagues reveal that a lymphatic vasculature with poor clearance capacity in perinatal, regeneration-competent mouse hearts is required to retain pro-reparative macrophages and allow cardiac regeneration.

Cell state plasticity of neuroblastoma cells is linked to therapy resistance. Here, the authors develop a transcriptomic and epigenetic map of indisulam (RBM39 degrader) resistant neuroblastoma, demonstrating bidirectional cell state switching accompanied by increased NK cell activity, which they therapeutically enhance by the addition of an anti-GD2 antibody.

Studies in mice show that acute stress activates hyperglycaemia via activation of a medial amygdala–ventral hypothalamic circuit that controls glucose metabolic responses in the liver, independently of adrenal and pancreatic hormones.

Gattaux et al. propose an ant-inspired neural framework for a car-like robot that one-shot learns low-resolution panoramic routes and repeat, shuttle or home. Offering insights into insect navigation and frugal robotic systems.

The authors report a meta-analysis of methylome-wide association studies, identifying 15 significant CpG sites linked to major depression, revealing associations with inflammatory markers and suggesting potential causal relationships through Mendelian randomization analysis.

Although ice plays a crucial role in shaping our ecosphere, its microstructures formed by freezing water remain unclear. Here, the authors employ cryogenic liquid-cell TEM to gain atomic-level insights into ice defects frozen from liquid water.

The activity and stability of supported metal catalysts is in large part influenced by their interaction with the support. Now, neural network molecular dynamics simulations are combined with interpretable machine learning to reveal the governing factors of metal–support interactions for Pt nanoparticles on various oxide supports, identifying key features and proposing sinter-resistant supports.

This research investigates aperiodic neural activity in depressed individuals versus healthy controls using resting state electroencephalography recordings. Findings reveal significant differences in aperiodic exponent and offset, influenced by lifetime depressive episodes, highlighting the relationship between depression heterogeneity and neural mechanisms.

Here, the authors identify the microbiota-derived corisin as a driver of diabetic kidney fibrosis via cellular aging and show that targeting corisin with a monoclonal antibody alleviates disease in mice, suggesting a potential therapeutic avenue.

As presented at the 2025 World Conference on Lung Cancer, in a multiarm phase 2 trial, perioperative immunotherapy was safe and feasible in patients with resectable diffuse pleural mesothelioma, with exploratory data suggesting that ctDNA kinetics could be informative of tumor regression and post-treatment survival.

Spatial cell distribution within a tissue microenvironment is a rapidly advancing field. Here, authors assess three commercially available single-cell resolution spatial transcriptomics approaches (CosMx, MERFISH, and Xenium) to inform which technology outperforms for immune profiling of solid tumors using patient samples.

The International Brain Laboratory presents a brain-wide electrophysiological map obtained from pooling data from 12 laboratories that performed the same standardized perceptual decision-making task in mice.

The performance of inverted perovskite solar cells has been limited by non-radiative recombination at the perovskite surfaces. Here, authors employ phosphonic acids and piperazinium chloride for homogeneous passivation, achieving certified efficiency of 28.9% for 60 cm² perovskite-silicon tandems.

The enzyme ABHD18 is shown to have a key role in cardiolipin metabolism in mitochondria, offering a potential route for a small-molecule treatment of the rare genetic disease Barth syndrome.

Wastewater surveillance can be used to track infectious diseases. A six-plex digital PCR assay is shown to provide information on four respiratory diseases at the same time, with data that have a high level of agreement with reported case numbers.

A study showing high-quality container-based sanitation servicing improves the sanitation-related quality of life in informal settlements across Kenya, Peru and South Africa.

IP6 is a critical host cofactor for HIV-1 assembly and infectivity. In this study, the authors uncover the structural basis by which HIV-1 adapts to a deficiency in IP6 packaging through a G225R mutation at the C-terminus of the capsid protein.

Issa et al. show that the ciliary small guanosine triphosphatase Arl3 displaces the inhibitory regulator Shulin/DNAAF9 from the outer dynein arm, leading to motor activation.

Researchers reveal widespread, newly formed seafloor seeps along Antarctica’s Ross Sea coast. Methane-rich flows alter local ecosystems and may influence warming. The drivers remain unknown, warranting coordinated study.

Artificial neurons typically have functional parameters that are mismatched with their biological counterpart. Here, the authors develop artificial neurons that emulate biological neurons in functions and match their parameters such as signal amplitude, spiking energy, temporal features, and frequency response.

Repetitive head impacts from contact sports are associated with brain inflammation, vascular damage and neuron loss that are independent of hyperphosphorylated tau pathology.