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Optical computing, involving on-chip integrated logic units, could provide improved performance over semiconductor-based computing. Here, a binary NOR gate is developed from cascaded OR and NOT gates in four-terminal plasmonic nanowire networks; the work could lead to new optical computing technologies.

Quantum gates in 2D ion crystals are more challenging than in 1D. Here, the authors use their 2D ion trap platform and acousto-optical deflectors to demonstrate a 2-qubit gate that can stand the ion micromotion in such configuration.

For solid-state qubits, the material environment hosts sources of errors that vary in time and space. This systematic analysis of errors affecting high-fidelity two-qubit gates in silicon can inform the design of large-scale quantum computers.

Energy homeostasis requires brain sensing of peripheral metabolic signals. Here, the authors show that energy-state-dependent aggrecan deposits by hypothalamic neurons at a key interface gate brain entry of blood-borne signals and thus food intake.

Global control of a qubits using a single microwave field is a promising strategy for scalable quantum computing. Here the authors demonstrate individual addressability vial local electrodes and two-qubit gates in an array of Si quantum dot spin qubits dressed by a global microwave field and driven on-resonance.

Two-qubit operations exceeding 99% fidelity have been demonstrated by silicon devices made with standard semiconductor tooling in a 300-mm foundry environment.

Initiation factor 2 (IF2) guides the ribosome to the elongation phase of protein synthesis. Here, Basu et al. provide structural insights into how compact IF2-GDP makes way for initiator tRNA accommodation into the peptidyl (P) site of the ribosome.

How and where somatosensory information is encoded in the cortex is unclear and important for developing new pain therapies. Here the authors show a crucial role for the secondary somatosensory cortex (S2) in accurate perception of sensory stimuli.

Measurement-based quantum computing performs quantum gates on entangled states without difficult multi-qubit coherent dynamics. A set of gates sufficient for universal quantum computing has now been implemented on a programmable optical platform.

A brief (maximum 250 characters, including spaces) summary; Please provide this summary in your cover letter. Animals often promote visual aversion in a threatening situation for survival. Tsuji et al. report in Drosophila that a single cluster of Tachykinergic neurons translate mechanical threats to gating of visual aversion through θ oscillation.

Glutamate transporters conduct chloride ions through an aqueous channel with hydrophobic gates that forms during the glutamate transport cycle.

Ultracold atoms in optical lattices are promising for quantum information applications, but it is important to address individual sites with high accuracy and low cross-talk. Lee et al.adapt inhomogeneous control methods to improve the performance of single-qubit gates for selected sites.

Store-operated calcium entry involves two proteins: Stim1 and Orai1, but are they sufficient for gating CRAC channels or are other factors required? Mammal systems have failed to provide a conclusive answer but yeast-based assay does: Stim1 and Orai1 are the only essential components of CRAC channel activity.

By using carbon nanotubes as a channel material, an ion gel as a gate and polyimide as a substrate, field-effect transistors can be created that have a high radiation tolerance and can be repaired by annealing.

Quantum dot spin qubits in Si can be controlled using micromagnet-based electric-dipole spin resonance, but experiments have been limited to small 1D arrays. Here the authors address qubit control in 2D Si arrays, demonstrating low-frequency control of qubits in a 2 x 2 array using hopping gates.

The central amygdala relies on inhibitory circuitry to encode fear memories, but how this information is acquired and expressed in these connections is unknown. Two new papers use a combination of cutting-edge technologies to reveal two distinct microcircuits within the central amygdala, one required for fear acquisition and the other critical for conditioned fear responses. Understanding this architecture provides a strong link between activity in a specific circuit and particular behavioural consequences.

Tanycytic insulin receptors allow insulin access to the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and are relevant for driving AgRP neuronal activity in response to feeding.

Spin qubits are a platform for quantum computing. There are many advantages for quantum information processing if the spin qubit can move. Here, Helgers et al. use a surface acoustic wave to define a moving quantum dot and demonstrate the magneticfield-free control of the spin precession, bringing “flying” spin qubits a step closer.

Enduring changes in synaptic efficacy are highly sensitive to stress. Here, the authors show that astrocytic delivery of metabolites has an important role in the stress-mediated impairment of synaptic plasticity.

Mutations in the cation channel PKD2 cause human autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease but its channel function and gating mechanism are poorly understood. Here authors study PKD2 using electrophysiology and cryo-EM, which identifies hydrophobic gates and proposes a gating mechanism for PKD2.

Magic state distillation is achieved with logical qubits on a neutral-atom quantum computer using a dynamically reconfigurable architecture for parallel quantum operations.

Characterisation of quantum operations is fundamental in quantum technologies - quantum computing in particular - but there’s currently no reliably efficient method to assess mid-circuit measurements, which are a key component for subfields like quantum error correction. Here, the authors fill this gap, integrating MCMs into the framework of randomized benchmarking.

Researchers describe a mechanism capable of compressing fast and intense X-ray pulses through the rapid loss of crystalline periodicity. It is hoped that this concept, combined with X-ray free-electron laser technology, will allow scientists to obtain structural information at atomic resolutions.

Seamless integration of decoherence protection into quantum logic gates has enabled high-fidelity execution of a quantum algorithm with individual spins in a hybrid quantum system.

Although ABC-F proteins represent a ubiquitously distributed type of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family member across phyla, their biological functions remain poorly characterized. A new study now shows that the bacterial ABC-F protein YjjK (EttA) gates ribosome entry into the translational cycle in an energy-dependent manner.

Microwave stimulation of a superconducting artificial three-level atom is used to demonstrate high-fidelity, non-Abelian geometric transformations, the results of which depend on the order in which they are performed.

The growing complexity of quantum computing devices makes presents challenges for benchmarking their performance as previous, exhaustive approaches become infeasible. Here the authors characterise the quality of their 11-qubit device by successfully computing two quantum algorithms.

Across qubit platforms, improving coherence often compromises operational speed. Here, the authors overcome this trade-off by electrically controlling a hole spin qubit in a Ge/Si core/shell nanowire, achieving triple manipulation speeds while quadrupling coherence times.

Grover’s algorithm provides a quantum speedup when searching through an unsorted database. Here, the authors perform it on 3 qubits using trapped ions, demonstrating two methods for marking the correct result in the algorithm’s oracle and providing data for searches yielding 1 or 2 solutions.

In a quantum simulation of a (2+1)D lattice gauge theory using a superconducting quantum processor, the dynamics of strings reveal the transition from deconfined to confined excitations as the effective electric field is increased.

The treatment potential of psilocybin for postpartum depression was investigated in a preclinical mouse model. Here the authors show both acute and long-term effects of psilocybin in mothers and their offspring who were exposed via lactation.

Colour code on a superconducting qubit quantum processor is demonstrated, reporting above-breakeven performance and logical error scaling with increased code size by a factor of 1.56 moving from distance-3 to distance-5 code.

Two-qubit logic gates in a silicon-based system are shown (using randomized benchmarking) to have high gate fidelities of operation and are used to generate Bell states, a step towards solid-state quantum computation.

Fast and reliable characterisation of quantum systems is a key part of quantum technologies development. Here, the authors propose and demonstrate a way to embed noise characterisation in classical shadow estimation of nonlocal properties, enabling an efficient way to extract information from noisy quantum systems.

Here, the authors report that combining Army Liposome Formulation with QS21 saponin (ALFQ) and Alum to formulate the ΔV1gp120 boost decreases the risk of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) mac251 acquisition in female macaques.

Using a cryogenic 300-mm wafer prober, a new approach for the testing of hundreds of industry-manufactured spin qubit devices at 1.6 K provides high-volume data on performance, allowing optimization of the complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible fabrication process.

Controlled nanophotonic fabrication in silicon carbide enables the quantum manipulation of nuclear spins with optical and spin coherence comparable to the pristine material, setting the ground for scalable integrated quantum networks.

This study describes design automation and predictable gene regulatory network engineering in a eukaryotic microorganism.

CMOS-based circuits can be integrated with silicon-based spin qubits and can be controlled at milli-kelvin temperatures, which can potentially help scale up these systems.