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Accurate single nucleotide variations (SNVs) detection is clinically vital, yet existing techniques can only detect SNVs at specific loci. Here, Mao et al present a new generalized CRISPR/Cas-based strategy, termed PRICE, to identify SNVs in miRNA sequences without sacrificing the sensitivity.

Monocytes/macrophages exert pro-atherogenic functions depending on their metabolic programming. Here, the authors show the pivotal role of methionine metabolism in the proinflammatory and migratory functions of monocytes/macrophages and identify MAT2A as a potential target for the management of atherosclerosis.

Replicating the functional architecture of biological ion channels in synthetic membranes remains challenging. Here the authors design an ultramicroporous hydrogen-bonded organic framework membrane that structurally emulates the CLC chloride filter.

Conventional carbon fiber composites require high temperature curing and have complex recycling procedures. Here, the authors report high strength silk fibroin carbon fiber composites which are synthesized and recycled via room-temperature solvent-based methods.

Increased glycolysis in pancreatic cancer promotes immune escape by altering the tumor microenvironment. Here, the authors show that lactate-driven histone lactylation via PCAF increases CXCL1 expression, recruiting neutrophils and enabling immunosuppression, and PCAF inhibition improves anti-PD-1 therapy in pancreatic cancer mouse models.

Spatial CRISPR screens probe the functional impact of mutations within intact tissues. Here, authors present Spatial Perturb-Seq, a technology that localizes CRISPR perturbations and cell identities in situ, uncovers communication between cells, and shows how genes act beyond their cellular borders.

Electrochemical nitrate upgrading is restricted by high overpotential with low energy efficiency. Here, the authors report a metal-support modulation strategy to simultaneously optimize nitrate adsorption and water dissociation for achieving high energy efficiency at positive potentials.

Dense-core granules (DCG) store insulin in pancreatic β cells. Here the authors show that crinosome, formed by fusing lysosome and DCGs, are pathogenic in mouse models of type 1 diabetes by diversifying local insulin epitopes beyond those tolerizing ones expressed in the thymus, thereby inducing autoreactive CD4 T cells for β cell death and insulin deficiency.

A multi-field coupling strategy was used to develop a parallel-aligned 2D Al2O3 platelet-reinforced YSZ composite that exhibits exceptional thermo-mechanical stability, showing great promise for harsh environments.

The MIRI spectrometer onboard JWST measured Pluto and Charon’s infrared emissions separately, uncovering surface properties and revealing that Pluto’s haze plays a key role in controlling the atmospheric temperature.

‘Liquid crystal elastomers are of interest for soft robotics and smart textiles, though existing fabrication methods limit complex actuation. Here the authors report an extrusion method to program a dynamic covalent network for complex actuation.’

Cyclic peptides are promising therapeutics, but their synthesis is often inefficient and sequence-dependent. Here, the authors present CycloPepper, a machine learning–guided platform that predicts cyclization outcomes and enables automated synthesis to accelerate cyclic peptide drug development.

Natural variation in the promoter of OsTPS8 contributes to differences in grain chalkiness and seed vigor between indica and japonica rice subspecies by altering trehalose-6-phosphate biosynthesis and α-amylase levels.

Wan, Li, Cao and colleagues report a feedback crosstalk between THY1⁺ cancer stem cells and neutrophils via migrasome-mediated release of mitochondria, which induces a pseudohypoxic state and promotes metastasis.

Mechanically interlocked supramolecular compounds have garnered widespread attention but it remains challenging to investigate topological adjustments in such complicated structures. Here, the authors use a bidentate pyridyl ligand featuring an extended π-conjugated plane for coordination-directed self-assembly to engineer three different kinds of sophisticated complexes.

Sex dimorphism in the incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been reported. Here the authors show that, in males, androgen promotes regulatory T cell recruitment to impair γδ T cell antitumor immunity, implying that a Treg/S100a4/γδ T cell axis controls sex differences in hepatocarcinogenesis.

Selective functionalization of polyfluoroalkyl compounds is vital for advancing pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and high-performance materials but is hindered by the stability of C(sp³)–F bonds. Here, the authors report a dual photoredox/cobalt catalytic strategy enabling redox-driven defluoroallylation of perfluoroalkylarenes and polyfluorinated aliphatic amides.

In this study, the authors show C. elegans males locate moving mates by weighing pheromone cues sensed in the head and tail that trigger opposite movements, enabling an antagonistic integration for reliable tracking in dynamic environments.

Rafting dispersal can facilitate responses to environmental change. Here, authors integrate dispersal simulations, ecological genomics, and salinity stress experiments to elucidate the rafting dynamics and adaptive shifts of crustaceans.

Dietary capsaicin alleviates Alzheimer’s disease-like pathologies in 5xFAD mice via reshaping gut bacteria and elevating the production of lipid metabolites 24-hydroxycholesterol.

Using simultaneous FDG-PET and resting-state fMRI combined with diffusion-map functional gradients, Wan et al. demonstrate that the low-dimensional spatial organization of intrinsic functional connectivity explains a large proportion of regional variability in cortical glucose metabolism. Together, these findings suggest that brain energy expenditure is tightly constrained by macroscale functional topology, with the strongest functional connections playing a dominant role in metabolic optimization and hemispheric energy organization.

Hemifacial spasms are hard to monitor and counteract. Here, the authors develop an eyewear-based closed-loop system that detects spasms via triboelectric sensors and triggers facial nerve stimulation, reducing spasm severity.

For proper mitochondrial inheritance, paternal sperm mitochondria must be eliminated. Here, authors identify ALKB-1 mediated tRNA demethylation as essential for this clearance in Caenorhabditis elegans, revealing an epitranscriptomic quality checkpoint tied to male fertility.

This study shows that acidification increases substrate affinity in ammonia-oxidizing microbes, partly offsetting reduced ammonia availability. Stronger responses in archaea than bacteria explain contrasting ecosystem reactions.

Wan et al. identify MEA1 as a chaperone that promotes assembly of the AP1 adaptor complex and is essential for cargo transport. MEA1 and AAGAB cooperate through a dual-chaperone mechanism that may be broadly applicable to protein complex assembly.

The relocalization of the vacuolar calcium pump Cdt1 to the plasma membrane contributes to fluconazole adaptation in Candida auris.

Japonica subspecies has a lower nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) than that of indica rice. Here, the authors show that natural variations in the NIN-like protein 4 (OsNLP4) encoding gene are responsible for the divergence and introgression of the indica OsNLP4 allele into elite japonica cultivar can increase NUE and grain yield.

The APOE-ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, but it is not deterministic. Here, the authors show that common genetic variation changes how APOE-ε4 influences cognition.

Authors converted waste ozonation catalysts into carbon-based nano-single-atom-site catalysts through in-situ carbonization of self-doped biological secretions, enabling efficient regeneration and resource reuse.

Using a combination of structural, biochemical and phylogenetic analyses, the authors reveal a common mode of action of WhiB-like (Wbl) family proteins found exclusively in Actinobacteria and actinobacteriophages, involving the binding to the primary sigma 70 factor via a previously unrecognized aromatic patch motif. These findings provide compelling evidence for a complex evolutionary relationship of Wbl transcription factors between actinobacteria and their associated phages.

Dual-mode ferroelectric transistors enable hardware-efficient analogue operations for generative-adversarial-network-inspired image processing in medical imaging applications.

Here, the authors develop an integrated mass spectrometry-based strategy that allows metabolic biomarker discovery based on nanoliter-scale biofluids in seconds. Biomarkers of diabetic cataracts are detected in trace ocular fluids with high diagnostic performance revealed to have and anti-cataract activity.

Through van der Waals integration of Ag/Au electrodes onto single-crystal CsPbBr₃ thin films and subsequent formation of Ag₂O/CsPbBr₃ bulk heterojunctions, effective interfacial hole doping is achieved, reducing the contact resistance by two orders of magnitude compared with previously reported contacts of similar composition.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

While desirable for compact solutions, the miniaturization of spectrometers comes at the cost of spectral resolution and operating range. Here, Wanet al. propose a tapered fibre multimode interference spectrometer exhibiting high spectral resolution from the visible to the near infrared in a compact configuration.

A Dirac-vortex topological photonic crystal fiber is experimentally realized with broadband single polarization single-mode properties.

Biocompatible macroporous hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) of high crystallinity are promising for biomedical applications, but their fabrication is difficult. Here, the authors synthesize highly ordered macroporous HOFs in single-crystal form via a template method, using small biocompatible molecular building blocks with multiple hydrogen donor/acceptor sites and extensive π-conjugation.

Most superconductors that exhibit exotic pairing symmetries are derived from host materials that are Mott insulators. Xiangang Wan and Sergey Savrasov show that it may be possible to realize an exotic p-wave superconductor in doped Bi₂Se₃, which is a topological band insulator.

Nitrogen enrichment reduces phyllosphere microbial diversity and network stability in grasslands and exerts a stronger effect than changing precipitation, based on precipitation gradient and nitrogen addition experiments on the Mongolian Plateau.