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Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell is a promising therapy for hematological malignancy, but further optimization is still desirable. Here the authors show that incorporating CD99, a membrane protein expressed on activated T cells, transmembrane and juxtamembrane domains into CAR design helps improve CAR-T efficacy in vitro and in vivo in mice.

Hereditary deafness lacks effective biological treatments. Here, the authors develop a base editing therapy that corrects a common MPZL2 deafness gene mutation in a humanized mouse model and restores hearing, highlighting base editing as a potential treatment for hereditary deafness.

The blood ApoM-S1P complex regulates vascular functions, but its role in neurogenic niches remains unclear. Here, the authors show that the blood ApoM-S1P complex preserves V-SVZ homeostasis and protects against early features of Alzheimer’s disease.

Scaling effects on ferroelectric domains could impact applications for next-generation miniaturized devices. Here brownmillerite oxides are shown to demonstrate ferroelectric domains with widths down to the sub-unit-cell level.

Self-propelling micro/nanomotors represent a therapeutic option for drug delivery. Here the authors report the design and characterization of a biodegradable urease-powered nanomotor containing STING agonist, promoting anti-tumor immune responses in bladder cancer models.

Oncolytic viruses are under development for tumor treatment. David Kirn and colleagues now report their results of a randomized phase 2 dose-finding trial of JX-594, an oncolytic immunotherapeutic vaccinia virus, in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The study shows that high-dose JX-594 was associated with significantly improved overall survival and induced radiographic responses and antitumor immunity.

This study combines AI and light-based brain stimulation to detect and treat Parkinson’s disease in mice, enabling early diagnosis and deeper insight into symptoms and treatment effects.

Wireless bioresorbable stimulators are promising therapeutic implants that naturally dissolve after use. Here, the authors developed a device that operates for months and enables simultaneous multi-site stimulation, preventing early muscle atrophy and accelerating reinnervation in nerve injury models.

TNF inhibitor (TNFi) has been used to manage active inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), but not all patients respond. Here, through longitudinal and multi-omics profiling, the authors show that elevated type-I IFN signature and allograft inflammatory factor-1 expression at baseline inversely correlate with TNFi responsiveness in AS patients.

Cancer stem-like cells contribute to tumor growth and therapy resistance in glioblastoma. Here, authors identify that DHRS13 inhibition promotes differentiation of glioma stem-like cells by activating retinoic acid signaling and induces cell death through mitochondrial reactive oxygen species-driven mitophagy.

Though Ir-based dopants with ancillary ligands are attractive for realizing efficient organic light-emitting diodes, a strategy for designing these materials remains elusive. Here, the authors report a design strategy for heteroleptic triplet OLED emitters featuring functionalized ancillary ligands.

This study shows that long-term exercise improves brain waste clearance by enhancing glymphatic influx and mLV flow through neuroinflammation reduction, highlighting exercise as a promising non-drug strategy to prevent neurodegenerative diseases.

Using a germ-free BTBR mouse model of ASD-like behaviors, here the researchers demonstrated that the absence of gut microbiota significantly reduced social deficits, repetitive behaviors, and neuroinflammation.

Synaptic adhesion molecules regulate synapse development and function by both cis and trans-interactions. Here, Lie et al. show that postsynaptic SALM4 regulates excitatory synapse numbers by cisinhibition of the SALM3-LAR transynaptic interaction.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a therapeutic option for the treatment of breast cancer. Here, the authors characterize changes in the gene expression profiles and immune microenvironment in serial breast cancer biopsies taken before, during and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Doil Choi and colleagues report the genome sequence of the hot pepper, Capsicum annuum, as well as the resequencing of two cultivated peppers and a wild species, Capsicum chinense. Comparative genomic analysis across Solanaceae provides insights into genome expansion, pungency, ripening and disease resistance in hot peppers.

Antiferromagnets have great promise for spin-based information processing, offering both high operation speed, and an immunity to stray fields. Here, Kang et al demonstrate electrical manipulation of the exchange-bias, without the need for a heavy metal layer.

Exciton energy cascade transfer and recycling bring improvements in the efficiency and lifetime of deep-blue organic light-emitting diodes.

Immunotherapy is offering patients with cancer new therapy options. Here, the authors report on the crystal structures of some of these therapies bound to their targets.

Uninterrupted monitoring of pressure and temperature at skin interfaces can help to minimize the potential for pressure injuries in hospitalized or bedridden patients. Here, the authors introduce a soft, skin-mountable sensor that can continuously provide readings via antennas mounted under bedding, and demonstrate the functionality and robustness of the devices on patients.

Pure spin current generated thermally in nonmagnetic materials known as spin Nernst effect has not been demonstrated experimentally. Here, the authors report the observation of spin Nernst effect by studying the thermally-induced transverse magnetoresistance in ferromagnet/non-magnet heavy metal bilayers

The neural basis of affect sharing is not fully understood. Here, the authors show that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) stably recruits neural ensembles encoding observational fear, specifically represented by affective responses to pain experience.

The tumour suppressor p53 is known to be inhibited by histone deacetylase 3 but the molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Here Choi et al. show regulation by programmed cell death 5 and an essential role in activating p53 following DNA damage.

Conventional platforms for electrophysiological recording of organoids have limited recording site density. Here, the authors present the magnetically reshapable 3D liquid metal-based electrode array for high-resolution analysis on neural activities of brain organoids.

Chromosome-scale and haplotype-resolved assembly of Pinus densiflora sheds light on Pinus-specific genome enlargement. Comparison between haplotypes and resequencing of 30 wild accessions show allelic imbalance with roles in flowering regulation and stress resistance.