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Embryonic stem cells are characterized by self-renewaland pluripotency. Here, the authors show an affordable, efficient, and stable replacement for LIF in mESC cultivation.

Experimental evidence demonstrates long-distance remote epitaxial interactions of thin films even through thick amorphous carbon buffer layers and shows that these can be induced through dislocations in the substrate.

A clinical study of women with abnormal breast mammograms establishes a workflow to evaluate the capability of breast photoacoustic computed tomography in the classification, monitoring and segmentation of lesions.

A 43-year dataset of rodents in the Hu region of China reveals how urbanization-induced changes to land-use configuration affect rodent community composition, including benefitting striped field mice, the primary local hosts of the zoonotic pathogen Hantaan virus.

Secondary arylalkylamines represent important building blocks for organic synthesis, and as such their straightforward synthesis from readily available chemicals remains a priority in organic chemistry. Here, the authors report a synthesis of arylalkylamines from nitroarenes and carbazates via paired electrolysis.

Nitrogenases reduce inorganic nitrogen to organic ammonia in a crucial step of the nitrogen cycle. Here the authors show that the vanadium-nitrogenase ofAzotobacter vinelandii can also catalyse the in vivoconversion of carbon monoxide to hydrocarbons in a secondary non-biosynthetic pathway.

Brown et al. show that mouse islet progenitors with different transcriptomes produce distinct β-cell subtypes and maternal diet alter the subtype proportions. Similar β-cell subsets exist in humans, with a subset enriched in genes related to β cell function reduced in diabetes.

Carbide insertion plays a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of M-cluster, the cofactor of nitrogenase. Here the authors further define the pathway for interstitial carbide atom insertion, showing that the SAM-derived methyl group is transferred to a FeS precursor sulfur before hydrogen abstraction via an SN2-type reaction.

The M-cluster in the active site of nitrogenase is derived from an 8Fe core assembled via coupling and rearrangement of two [Fe₄S₄] clusters concomitant with the insertion of an interstitial carbon and a ninth sulfur. Now, by combining synthetic [Fe₄S₄] clusters and assembly with a protein template, it has been shown that sulfite gives rise to the ninth sulfur that is inserted into the nitrogenase cofactor after the radical SAM-dependent carbide insertion and cofactor core rearrangement.

A biodegradable electronic bandage that applies pulsed and d.c. electrostimulation can accelerate the healing of intestinal wounds in mice via transfection of cells and stimulation-induced secretion of healing factor from those cells.

Shrub encroachment into grasslands affects species biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, but its impact on herbaceous diseases and the role of climatic factors remain unclear. This study finds that shrubs reduce pathogen load in colder regions but may increase it in warmer regions, with temperature being the primary driver of these variations.

This study demonstrates that the adaptor protein AP-3β recruits the 19S regulatory particle (RP) of the proteasome to stress granules (SGs) after heat stress and promotes SG disassembly through RP-associated deubiquitylation process.

An analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data from adult and developing lungs across vertebrate species reveals genetic components in the common ancestor of jawed vertebrates and new lung-specific enhancers that contribute to the evolution of vertebrate lungs.

Single-molecule electrical detections clarify both productive and hidden degenerate pathways of ring-closing metathesis, and enable precise on-device synthesis of a single polymer with single-monomer-insertion-event resolution.

The authors investigate the electronic structure of kagome CsCr₃Sb₅ using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and ab-initio calculations. The results identify CsCr₃Sb₅ as a strongly correlated Hund’s metal with incipient flat bands near the Fermi level.

Heterologous expression of an active, metallocentre-containing nitrogenase in a non-diazotrophic host is challenging. Now, the heterologous biosynthetic pathway of Mo-nitrogenase is pieced together in Escherichia coli using genes from Azotobacter vinelandii and Methanosarcina acetivorans.

The Fe protein of nitrogenase contains a redox-active [Fe₄S₄] cluster that plays a key role in electron transfer and substrate reduction. Here, Hu and co-workers show that the Fe protein of Methanosarcina acetivorans can reduce CO₂ and CO to hydrocarbons under ambient conditions.

The generation of cracks in polycrystalline Ni-rich layered lithium transition metal oxides presents numerous challenges for their use in batteries. Here, authors propose a gradiently distributed pores structure within the oxide secondary particles, reducing internal strain accumulation.

The authors study monolayer FeSe via scanning tunneling microscopy and simultaneous micron-scale-probe-based transport. They observe distinct superconducting phases in domains and on boundaries between domains, with different superconducting gaps and pairing temperatures.

Support Brønsted acid strength and density play important kinetically relevant roles in low temperature NH3-SCR over Cu-exchanged small pore zeolite catalysts. Here the authors demonstrate Brønsted acid sites facilitate hydrolysis and intercage transfer of Cu^II(NH₃)₄ intermediates.

Cu₂Se is of interest for thermoelectrics as it is environmentally sustainable and has a high figure of merit ZT; however, copper ion migration impacts device stability. Here a co-doping strategy that combines steric and electrostatic effects is shown to improve device stability as well as improving ZT to 3.

Here, the authors demonstrate the electrochemical unzipping of single crystalline black phosphorus into zigzag-phosphorene nanobelts, nanosheets, and quantum dots, via a top-down oxygen-driven mechanism.

Doping approach is a conventional method to increase ZT values of thermoelectric materials. Here, authors propose a facile strategy to enhance thermoelectric performance by mixing boron particles into GeTe-based thermoelectric materials, leading to a ZT value of 2.45 at 613 K.

A Bessel vortex modulated metalens is used for wide-band, multiple-order radial differential operations by presetting the order of the corresponding Bessel vortex. This enables synchronous spatial differential operations, with applications in optical data processing, machine vision and bio-imaging.

Extreme warming 56 million years ago may have rendered parts of the subsurface Atlantic Ocean anoxic and toxic to fish due to ammonium and hydrogen sulfide accumulation – a scenario we must strive to prevent under current anthropogenic climate change.

A machine learning model for generating crop-specific and spatially explicit NH₃ emission factors globally shows that global NH₃ emissions in 2018 were lower than previous estimates that did not fully consider fertilizer management practices.

Here, authors report an inter-site structural heterogeneity induced effect of hierarchical single atom Fe catalysts for robust oxygen reduction. Dynamic evolutions and insights into structure-activity relationship are presented.

The intrinsic high-concentration Ge vacancies in GeTe-based thermoelectric materials hinder their performance maximization. Here, the authors find that defect structure engineering strategy is effective for performance enhancement.

A recently proposed structure of an N₂-bound Mo-nitrogenase has sparked considerable attention, although the direct evidence for N₂ binding and sulfur mobilization during turnover has remained elusive. Now, additional spectroscopic and kinetic measurements further support this state and provide evidence that belt-sulfur displacement is an essential aspect of the nitrogenase mechanism.

Predictive methods for gastric cancer to try and differentiate between potential treatment response are required. Here the authors use a multiplexed immunohistochemistry method to propose the proximity of tumour infiltrating immune cells as an indicator of likely therapeutic response.

The iron protein components of bacterial nitrogenases are capable of reducing carbon dioxide (CO₂) to carbon monoxide (CO) in the absence of their catalytic partners, mimicking the activity of CO dehydrogenase.

The utilization of Mg₃(Sb,Bi)₂ in thermoelectric devices is hindered by its low performance near room temperature. Here, authors report thermoelectric performance enhancement of Mg₃(Sb,Bi)₂ within a wide temperature range by incorporating metallic inclusions at grain boundaries. (279 in total)

The crosstalk between innate immunity and autophagy plays a critical role in cancer. Here, the authors report that an immune receptor NLRP6 potentiates the PI3K/AKT pathway by selective degradation of p85α. The NLRP6-p85α interaction offers a potential therapeutic target for tumor treatment.

Located in the catalytically important belt region, the ‘ninth sulfur’ of the nitrogenase cofactor has now been shown to be inserted through coordination of sulfite by two cluster iron atoms at a vacant belt site. This is followed by in situ reduction of sulfite to sulfide, which enables the subsequent transfer and functionalization of the cofactor.

Integrating human mobility and activity data with ground-level measurements and air quality models, Shen et al. find that despite a reduction in outdoor PM_2.5 during the COVID-19 quarantine in China, overall population exposure to PM_2.5 increased.

Diffuse-type gastric cancer (DGC) accounts for 30% of gastric cancers and has few treatment options. Here the authors present a mutation and proteome dataset for 84 patients, identifying three major classes of DGC and indicating potential targets for therapy.

NifB is a radical SAM enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the Mo-nitrogenase cofactor, which is responsible for the ambient conversion of N₂ to NH₃. Here, the authors identify and uncover the function of a His43 residue as an essential nitrogen ligand of NifB in cofactor biosynthesis.

TRPC6 promotes the formation of synapses in a CaMKIV-CREB–dependent manner. TRPC6-expressing transgenic animals showed increased numbers of spines and demonstrated enhanced learning on behavioral tasks.

How electron correlation interplays with topological states remains rarely explored. Here, the authors report flat band arising due to electron correlations in magnetic Weyl semimetal Co₃Sn₂S₂ from a combined optical-spectroscopy and simulation study.