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A predictive descriptor to guide spinel catalyst design for Li–S batteries is still lacking. Here, authors use a series of metal chromites to investigate the effect of t2 orbital occupancy on the polysulfide conversion activity of spinel oxides, and reveal a volcano-shaped relationship between them.

Anode catalysts in proton-exchange-membrane water electrolyzers usually trade activity for stability. Here, the authors report an electronic-structure-tuning strategy that modulates the metal–oxygen redox behavior of RuO₂, yielding a catalyst that is both highly active and durable.

Red light- or ultrasound-controlled proximity labelling is engineered to stimulate clustering-induced receptor activation and downstream signalling amplification to promote antitumour immune responses.

Adaptive wireless communication over an unprecedented frequency range spanning over 100 GHz can be achieved by a thin-film lithium niobate photonic wireless system, which can process a large flux of information at high speed.

The intermolecular addition of O-centred radicals to alkenes is a challenging endeavour in synthetic chemistry. Now ene-reductases are used to tame reactive O-radicals for intermolecular and enantioselective radical hydroalkoxylation involving a ground-state single-electron radical mechanism.

Poly(A)-Binding Protein Cytoplasmic 1 (PABPC1) is a crucial component of stress granules. Here, the authors show that PABPC1 undergoes SUMOylation in response to cellular stress, enhancing the stability of mitophagy-related gene transcripts to promote cancer cell survival.

Interannual variation in tree intrinsic water use efficiency is largely controlled by water availability. Here, the authors find that this constraint has strengthened over the past six decades, particularly for gymnosperms, primarily due to rising atmospheric CO₂ and increasing climatic dryness.

Comprehensive annotating of cell types in spatially resolved transcriptomics to understand biological processes at the single cell level remains challenging. Here the authors introduce Spatial-ID, a supervision-based cell typing method, that combines the existing knowledge of reference single-cell RNA-seq data and the spatial information of spatially resolved transcriptomics data.

Wang et al. present a multi-stage large language model framework designed to improve the extraction of social determinants of health (SDoH) factors from unstructured text. It results in more accurate, transparent, and efficient annotation as demonstrated through comparative analyses and user studies.

An integrate-and-fire artificial neuron combining a dynamic random-access memory and an inverter based on wafer-scale monolayer molybdenum disulfide films can emulate intrinsic plasticity, the photopic and scotopic adaptation of the human visual system, and achieve temporal information encoding.

Sustainable management of soil organic carbon (SOC) in farmland is critical for mitigating climate change and improving soil health. Degradable film mulching is a promising alternative to plastic film mulching, sequestering SOC and reducing C loss in dryland agroecosystems under climate change.

Malignant pleural effusion is a challenge for cancer therapy. Here, the authors report on a piezoelectric nano-system that inhibits tumor growth in the thoracic cavity by piezo-generated reactive oxygen species using the intrapleural pressure, triggering immunogenic cell death, to treat malignant pleural effusion.

The electrode–aqueous interface is crucial to designing effective electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction, which occurs in water electrolysers. Here the authors explore the use of organic overlayers on Pt electrodes, enhancing hydrogen evolution activity in alkaline media by up to 50 times.

Driving comfort in autonomous vehicles is crucial but often overlooked in global path planning. Here, authors developed a model using multi-head attention and XGBoost to predict driving comfort from road information, reducing jerk by 15% and improving comfort scores by 13% in real vehicle tests.

The performance of macroscopic graphene fibers is hampered by lower bonding strength between individual graphene sheets. Authors mitigate this by creating covalent conjugating linkages at sheet edges, improving mechanical and electrical properties.

The authors design the stretchable thermoelectric porous graphene foam-based materials via facile laser scribing, demonstrating decoupled sensing of strain and temperature during the wound healing process in situ.

The subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) maintains cleavage of early embryos. Here the authors identify 14-3-3 as a component of the SCMC and show that phosphorylation of TLE6 contributes to 14-3-3 recruitment and stabilization, ensuring mitotic entry in mouse zygotes.

Aberrant coagulation and thrombosis are associated with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, the authors show that the E protein are associated with coagulation disorders in COVID-19 patients and could directly enhance platelet activation and thrombosis through a CD36/p38 MAPK/NF-kB signaling axis.

We added out-of-plane cations to homogenize the distribution of cations in perovskite films, resulting in a solar cell with improved efficiency and stability.

Hi-C analysis identifies Xist-separated megadomains (X-megadomains) on the inactive X chromosome in mouse early embryos. Cohesin loading at Xist regulatory elements promotes X-megadomain formation and restricts nearby gene activity.

A study reports a dual quantum spin Hall insulator in monolayer TaIrTe₄, arising from the interplay of its single-particle topology and density-tuned electron correlations.

The Curie temperature of Fe_5+xGeTe₂ thin films can be modulated from 260 to 380 K via iron doping, allowing the two-dimensional material to be used to create planar spiral inductors and low-pass Butterworth filters.

An atlas of candidate cis-regulatory DNA elements (cCREs) in the adult mouse brain unravels the transcriptional regulatory programs that drive the heterogeneity and complexity of brain structure and function.

This work reports a heterogeneous two transistor capacitorless eDRAM combining Si and MoS2 to solve the short data retention problem while preserving a high sense margin. The retention and sense margin show improvements of 1000 and 100 times respectively compared to full Si and MoS2 counterparts.

Some features resembling superconductivity at high temperature have been seen under pressure in La₃Ni₂O₇, but a transition to a zero-resistance state has not been observed. Now transport studies demonstrate this transition, along with strange metallicity.

Chemoresistance limits the success of chemotherapy in patients with cancer. Here, the authors perform 30 genome wide CRISPR knockout screens to identify genes associated to resistance against commonly used chemotherapeutics across multiple cancer types, followed by 26 second round CRISPR screens to identify druggable targets of chemoresistance.

Supramolecular nucleoside-based hydrogels have potential in biomedical applications, but there is no model to predict what nucleoside derivatives will form hydrogels. Here, the authors report a machine learning model to predict the ability of nucleoside derivatives to form hydrogels.

A route to the rapid and batch production of 12 inch MoS₂ monolayers is reported, which shows a synergistic optimization of scale–cost–performance metrics for a transition from lab to fab.

Control of correlated excitonic states is a key goal of modern optoelectronic physics. Here, the authors demonstrate filling- and field-tunable exciton valley-pseudospin orders in a moiré heterostructure.

Single-cell transcriptomes and single-cell chromatin accessibility profiles generated using EasySci provide a global view of aging and Alzheimer’s pathogenesis-associated cell population dynamics in human and mouse brains.

By combining p-type transistors made with silicon-on-insulator technology and n-type transistors made with two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide, heterogeneous complementary field-effect transistors can be fabricated on the wafer scale.

Optical neural networks face remarkable challenges in high-level integration and on-chip operation. In this work the authors enable optical convolution utilizing time-wavelength plane stretching approach on a microcomb-driven chip-based photonic processing unit.

Limited response to immune checkpoint inhibitors has been reported in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. Here the authors show that intermittent, but not continuous, treatment with an anti-PI3Kα/β/δ-inhibitor promotes anti-tumor immunity and response to PD-1 blockade in a preclinical Pten-null model of prostate cancer.

Catalysis is a crucial strategy for improving the performance of sulfur cathodes in Li–S batteries, yet few strategies have been established to design effective catalysts. Here, by uncovering a volcano-shaped trend between polysulfide adsorption and catalytic rate in transition-metal-doped ZnS, a highly efficient ternary sulfide is developed.