Table 1 Participant characteristic across dietary clusters in the WELL-China cohort (n = 8,931)
From: Eastern coastal Chinese diet associated with reduced obesity and improved cardiometabolic health
Characteristics | Total | Pattern 1 | Pattern 2 (EastDiet) |
|---|---|---|---|
Number | 8,931 | 4,756 | 4,175 |
Age (years) | 53.80 ± 13.50 | 52.04 ± 13.81 | 55.81 ± 12.85 |
Sex (female) | 5,510 (61.7) | 2,179 (45.8) | 3,331 (79.8) |
BMI (kg m−2) | 23.68 ± 3.26 | 23.87 ± 3.36 | 23.46 ± 3.14 |
Residential area (%) | |||
Xihu | 2,727 (30.5) | 1,680 (35.3) | 1,047 (25.1) |
Shangcheng | 2,577 (28.9) | 1,162 (24.4) | 1,415 (33.9) |
Gongshu | 3,627 (40.6) | 1,914 (40.2) | 1,713 (41.0) |
Taste preference (%) | |||
Heavy | 2,059 (23.1) | 1,326 (27.9) | 733 (17.6) |
Mild | 3,824 (42.8) | 2,117 (44.5) | 1,707 (40.9) |
Light | 3,048 (34.1) | 1,313 (27.6) | 1,735 (41.6) |
Smoking status | |||
Never | 6,662 (74.6) | 3,016 (63.4) | 3,646 (87.3) |
Former | 606 (6.8) | 408 (8.6) | 198 (4.7) |
Current | 1,654 (18.5) | 1,324 (27.8) | 330 (7.9) |
Education level (%) | |||
Elementary | 4,623 (51.8) | 2,638 (55.5) | 1,985 (47.5) |
Secondary | 3,193 (35.8) | 1,519 (31.9) | 1,674 (40.1) |
Higher | 1,110 (12.4) | 595 (12.5) | 515 (12.3) |
Total energy intake (kcal) | 1,370.75 ± 530.75 | 1,421.29 ± 566.48 | 1,313.18 ± 480.50 |
Physical activity | |||
Low | 1,506 (16.9) | 917 (19.3) | 589 (14.1) |
Moderate | 4,383 (49.1) | 2,195 (46.2) | 2,188 (52.4) |
High | 2,993 (33.5) | 1,615 (34.0) | 1,378 (33.0) |
Nutritional supplement use (%) | 3,501 (39.2) | 1,501 (31.6) | 2,000 (47.9) |
History of diabetes (%) | 1,125 (12.6) | 517 (10.9) | 608 (14.6) |
History of hypertension (%) | 2,988 (33.5) | 1,641 (34.5) | 1,347 (32.3) |
Family history of CVD (%) | 1,493 (16.7) | 680 (14.3) | 813 (19.5) |
