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The Nature Index tracks primary research articles from 178 applied, health, natural and social sciences journals, across many different publishers, chosen by an independent group of researchers. The Nature Index provides absolute Count of primary research articles and fractional Share counts of author contribution to articles. The positions in the table below reflect United Kingdom (UK)'s position overall, regionally, and in subject areas based on their Share. Each position links to the corresponding table where United Kingdom (UK) is listed.
Position by research output Share
Position by research output Share in subject areas
Research
United Kingdom (UK) has the following research output in the current window (1 June 2025 - 30 May 2026) of the Nature Index. Click on Count to view a list of articles representing the corresponding Share value.
Overall research output
| Count | Share | |
|---|---|---|
| Overall | 11734 | 4686.10 |
Overall Count and Share for 'United Kingdom (UK)' based on the 12-month time frame mentioned above.
Research outputs by subject area
Note: Hover over the donut graph to view the Share for each subject.
Leading research topics
In the Current Index (12-month rolling window), United Kingdom (UK) published the most articles in these research topics. Learn more about Nature Research Intelligence Topics.
| Topics | Count | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Sciences | 897 | 327.36 |
| Particle and High Energy Physics | 615 | 236.75 |
| Organic Chemistry | 287 | 182.23 |
| Oncology and Carcinogenesis | 483 | 176.93 |
| Astronomical Sciences | 602 | 175.05 |
| Physical Chemistry | 341 | 159.97 |
| Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry | 357 | 145.01 |
| Biochemistry and Cell Biology | 317 | 144.86 |
| Bioinformatics and Computational Biology | 349 | 135.82 |
Share output for the past 5 years
| Subject area or journal group | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 3,767 | 3,996 | 3,814 | 4,702 | 4,835 |
| Applied sciences | 420 | 426 | 384 | 796 | 0 |
| Health sciences | 838 | 1,319 | 1,271 | 1,272 | 0 |
| Natural sciences | 2,453 | 2,193 | 2,089 | 2,355 | 0 |
| Biological sciences | 844 | 757 | 636 | 746 | 0 |
| Chemistry | 657 | 613 | 595 | 680 | 620 |
| Earth & environmental sciences | 310 | 280 | 287 | 313 | 0 |
| Physical sciences | 642 | 543 | 571 | 617 | 0 |
| Social sciences | 56 | 56 | 71 | 278 | 0 |
| Nature & Science | 146 | 140 | 137 | 153 | 160 |
Country/territory benchmarking
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Collaboration
In many cases, the highest quality science comes from collaborating. Nature Index collaborations highlight fruitful collaborations that lead to high quality research around the world. The table and charts below highlight the leading collaborators with United Kingdom (UK).
Collaboration by percentage of Share
Note: Hover over the graph to view collaboration by percentage of Share.
Top 10 collaborators with United Kingdom (UK) by Share
Note: Hover over the bars to view details about each institution's Share.
| Collaborating country/territory | Collaborators' Share | Collaboration Score |
|---|---|---|
| United States of America (USA) | 1057.27 / 1582.17 | 2639.44 |
| China | 584.73 / 1511.95 | 2096.68 |
| Germany | 567.78 / 612.82 | 1180.60 |
| France | 316.03 / 282.01 | 598.03 |
| Italy | 309.76 / 261.59 | 571.35 |
| Australia | 267.24 / 241.32 | 508.57 |
| Spain | 260.69 / 227.00 | 487.69 |
| Switzerland | 238.34 / 223.89 | 462.23 |
| Netherlands | 238.53 / 197.75 | 436.28 |
| Canada | 206.02 / 204.73 | 410.74 |
View historical country/territory collaboration
Top 10 institutions from United Kingdom (UK) by Share
| Institution | Count | Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1. University of Oxford | 1953 | 483.17 |
| 2. University of Cambridge | 1701 | 460.49 |
| 3. UCL | 1471 | 292.05 |
| 4. Imperial College London (ICL) | 1353 | 289.92 |
| 5. The University of Edinburgh | 855 | 185.47 |
| 6. The University of Manchester (UoM) | 831 | 177.29 |
| 7. King's College London (KCL) | 682 | 146.19 |
| 8. University of Bristol (UoB) | 639 | 140.28 |
| 9. University of Leeds | 428 | 100.57 |
| 10. University of Birmingham | 550 | 100.21 |
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