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This study introduces nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) magnetic sensing for wireless tracking, enabling millimeter-scale accuracy and miniaturized trackers for guidewires, soft, and shape morphing medical devices.

The intestinal microbiome is shaped by genetics and environment. Here, the authors show in rats that host genetic effects, including indirect social effects, influence microbiome composition, identify replicated loci, and reveal mechanisms contributing to microbiome heritability.

Multi-ancestry genome-wide and transcriptome-wide association studies of aortic stenosis identify more than 200 independent risk loci and provide insights into its genetic architecture.

The Perseverance rover detected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons preserved within sulfates in the fan and floor of Jezero crater on Mars, offering new insights into past habitability and the preservation of organic matter on Mars.

Huber et al. measure 4,780 plasma proteins in the Cardiovascular Health Study to examine the association with incident coronary heart disease. They identify 11 proteins using genomic analyses and show the complexity of MMP12 in response to atherosclerosis and development of heart disease.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Here authors identify GluN2D-containing NMDA receptors on interneurons as a specific target for rapid antidepressant action. Blocking GluN2D restores stress-impaired plasticity and mimics the effects of ketamine with fewer side effects.

Hijacking the energy-producing organelles from immune cells seems to help tumours in mice to infiltrate lymph nodes.

Here the authors report NiGa₂O_4–x(OH)_y for light-driven CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol. The surface Lewis acid–base pairs and -OH groups act as conduits for H^- /H⁺ transport to active sites, enhancing photocatalytic methanol production.

Vaccination is an effective strategy in suppressing COVID-19 pandemic, but rare adverse effects have been reported, including cerebral venous thrombosis. Here the authors report two cases of middle cerebral artery infarct within 9-10 days following ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccination that also manifest pulmonary and portal vein thrombosis.

Our annual survey highlights several academic startups developing immunotherapies as well as ventures focusing on microbiomes, proteostasis, integrin biology, nucleic acid delivery and subcellular imaging.

Insecticide resistance can limit the effectiveness of insecticide-treated nets for malaria prevention, but other factors such as access and durability also contribute. Here, the authors quantify impacts of this ‘cascade’ of factors using a mathematical model.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Optical spin defects in semiconductors are crucial for applications, but it is often difficult to establish their microscopic origin. A mechanism for the spin behaviour of a family of bright emitters in hexagonal boron nitride has now been identified.

The neurophysiology of excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains unclear. Here, the authors found that beta oscillatory activity, a pathophysiological signature of PD motor signs, is also associated with daytime vigilance in parkinsonism

The extent to which in-vitro cellular experiments are effective models for complex biology underlying human phenotypes is often unclear. Here the authors propose and implement a framework using gene perturbation data to evaluate in-vitro models.

The authors uncover a direct, BAI1-dependent, role for C1q in the control of neural stem cell proliferation and quiescence via MDM2–p53 and p32, a complement cascade-independent mechanism of C1q action that has implications for central nervous system health and disease.

Aortopathy poses a high risk of aortic dissection, particularly during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Here the authors report a retrospective case series of seven women with aortopathy who underwent PEARS, a surgical strategy to prevent aortic root dilatation, and a subsequent pregnancy.

Bond et al. predict mechanism of action of hit compounds from a pooled screen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutants underproducing essential proteins by comparing the strain-specific responses of screening hits to those elicited by known antimicrobials.

Thermoelectric devices convert waste heat to electrical power but suffer from low efficiency. Roche et al.create a mesoscopic heat engine comprising capacitively coupled hot and cold electrical circuits in which thermal fluctuations in the former are converted to potential fluctuations in the latter

Copper is a CO₂ electroreduction catalyst consisting of at least two distinct active sites. Here, the authors report that the activities toward multicarbon products at these two sites can be independently tuned by modifying polyvinylpyridine to form distinct microenvironments.

The use of non-noble metal catalysts is crucial for promoting the industrialization of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis. By introducing CF₃CF₂CF₂CH₂OH into Nafion ionomer, we optimized the water channels and enhanced the stability of the Co₃O₄ catalyst at the anode

Here, the authors create a high-quality-factor chiral metasurface that enables record-high room-temperature valley-selective emission in MoSe₂ monolayers, independent of excitation polarization.

The MiDAC complex regulates gene expression through histone deacetylation. Here, the authors identify a recurrent MIDEAS mutation that disrupts an auto-inhibitory loop, elevating deacetylase activity and causing a multisystem developmental disorder.

Analyses of the nationally representative Indian Council of Medical Research–India Diabetes survey reported that Indian diets are characterized by high intakes of low-quality carbohydrates associated with 14–30% higher cardiometabolic risk, which can be reduced by substituting carbohydrates with protein.

It has been suggested that operating sensors far from thermodynamical equilibrium can enhance signal-to-noise ratio in a way which breaks the standard limits coming from stochastic fluctuations. Here, the authors show how this can in principle allow an arbitrarily large signal-to-noise ratio.

u-Segment3D is a universal framework that translates and enhances 2D instance segmentations to a 3D consensus instance segmentation without training data. It performs well across diverse datasets, including cells with complex morphologies.

Here the authors provide an explanation for 95% of examined predicted loss of function variants found in disease-associated haploinsufficient genes in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD), underscoring the power of the presented analysis to minimize false assignments of disease risk.

Dietary restriction promotes the expansion of effector T cells via ketone bodies, which enhances anti-tumour immunity and synergizes with immunotherapy in mice.

Here, the authors find that low Nicastrin protein in the disease Hidradenitis Suppurativa enhances immune sensitivity and may be caused by exposure to plastic-associated compounds.

Two sources of variability are reported in extreme horizontal branch (EHB) stars found in globular clusters, both related to the action of weak magnetic fields: large surface spots and very energetic flares. EHB stars in clusters can thus be linked to EHB field stars, and beyond, to other stars with radiative envelopes.

Gas-phase actinium monofluoride (AcF) has been produced and spectroscopically studied at the CERN-ISOLDE radioactive ion beam facility; the results highlight the potential of ²²⁷AcF for exceptionally sensitive searches of CP violation.

This study shows how the links between somatic passenger mutations in tumors and normal cell transcriptomes can be used to infer cell-of-origin in lung adenocarcinoma.

Activin receptor-like kinase 4 (ALK4) is frequently downregulated or mutated in cancers. Here the authors find that ALK4 loss promotes canonical TGF-β signaling and cancer progression through increasing TGF-β receptor N-linked glycosylation and subsequently stabilizing these receptors at the cell surface.

Here the authors show that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and boosting, especially in the setting of previous infection, leads to significant increases in antibody levels and neutralizing activity against omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants in both pregnant patients and their neonates.

Combining high-resolution mapping of foliar and herbivore faecal sodium concentrations across Africa, the authors show that plant-derived sodium availability constrains megaherbivore densities at a continental scale.