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How a hot resting spot can help frogs survive chytridiomycosis infection, and the decades-long hunt for dark matter in black holes.

The receptors that help octopuses sense by touch, plus a round-up of stories from the Nature Briefing.

The rise of AI-generated fakes, evidence of the earliest-known wooden structure, and how NASA’s OSIRIS-REx brought asteroid samples back to Earth.

Cold exposure in mice activates brown fat to deny tumours glucose, and the future of extreme heatwaves.

San Quentin prison faces the third-largest outbreak in the United States. Legal pressure builds as one in three inmates is infected.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports the observation of the electroweak production of two jets and a Z-boson pair. This process is related to vector-boson scattering and allows the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking to be probed.

Phosphorus locked in ancient marine carbonates shows that ocean phosphorus rose and fell with atmospheric oxygen during the Great Oxidation Event, Earth’s first major oxygenation. Models suggest brief nutrient pulses could have accelerated oxygen production

The water cycle was in two different steady states, before and after continental emergence, as recorded in the decreasing oxygen isotope values of seawater since the Archaean, according to an inverse geochemical model of the oceanic crustal record.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports a measurement of the ratio of the decay rates of W bosons to τ leptons and muons, in agreement with universal lepton couplings as postulated in the standard model of particle physics.

Nagano et al. identify the third mitotic cohesin complex, STAG3–cohesin, which, with its unique biophysical properties, weakens insulation and rewires regulatory interactions of spermatogonial stem cells, shaping the male germline nucleome.

Clay minerals played a vital role in the delivery of phosphorus (P) to shallow Neoproterozoic post-Snowball glaciation marine waters. The resulting increase in P bioavailability by at least 20-fold coincided with seawater oxygenation.

Estimating disease prevalence in biobanks is prone to error, especially for self-reported traits. Here, the authors propose a method to estimate the prevalence of a disease within a cohort based on genetic risk scores.

A novel personalized phage therapy strategy that selects phages for a predicted evolutionary trade-off may represent a viable alternative approach for the treatment of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections.

Here, the authors discover over 15,000 eQTLs in human kidney samples by integrating single-nucleus open chromatin data, resulting in high resolution eQTLs, increased enrichment of GWAS heritability and colocalization, followed by downstream validation.

The residual magnetic field detected in some carbonaceous chondrite meteorites is a remanent of the primordial field of the early solar nebula, preserved via aqueous alteration processes that happened in large planetesimals formed around 4 Myr after CAI formation and just before the dissipation of the solar nebula.

Diabetes is associated with aberrations in glucose metabolism. Here the authors perform a genomic screen in fruit flies to identify new regulators of fly glucose metabolism, and show that mice lacking the murine homologue of one of their hits, the protein kinase CK1alpha, in the adipose lineage develop diabetes.

This study investigates long-term trajectories of post-traumatic-stress-disorder symptoms of World Trade Center responders (n = 12,822), revealing highly variable symptom trajectories and 10% of responders experiencing persistence or worsening of symptoms after 20 years.

Third-generation sequencing can reveal information beyond the simple sequence of bases, but fulfilling this potential requires complex reference sets for training. Here, the authors present an approach to generate these reference sets and present various use cases for such multidimensional sequencing.

A modelling study suggests that Mars had a desert-like climate with intermittent liquid-water oases regulated by a negative feedback among solar luminosity, liquid water and carbonate formation.

The moon Phobos will eventually either disintegrate to form a ring or crash into Mars. Observational constraints and geotechnical considerations suggest that Phobos will partially break apart into a ring, with stronger fragments impacting Mars.

Observations from the JWST of the second brightest GRB ever detected, GRB 230307A, indicate that it belongs to the class of long-duration GRBs resulting from compact object mergers, with the decay of lanthanides powering the longlasting optical and infrared emission.

Mining-induced benthic sediment plume forms a gravity current and remains close to the seafloor. Particle flocculation and sediment redeposition occur rapidly, whilst the suspended particle concentration is reduced fast with distance and altitude.

Nanocrystals are desirable light sources for advanced display technologies. Here, the authors report on double-crowned 2D semiconductor nanoplatelets as light downconverters that offer both green and red emissions to achieve a wide color gamut.

Nuclear speckles are shown to have a functional role in mRNA splicing, whereby dynamic three-dimensional organization of DNA around these structures mediates splicing efficiency.

Radio pulses from a rare, radio-loud magnetar, XTE J1810−197, are seen to have undergone a conversion in their polarization state. This change can be linked to the magnetar’s magnetic field geometry, and has commonalities with an effect also seen in fast radio bursts.

The bacterium Vibrio cholerae has caused seven recorded cholera pandemics. The factors responsible for the decline of 6th pandemic classical biotype strains are not well understood. Here, Kostiuk et al. propose that classical strains underwent sequential mutations in type-six secretion system genes that disadvantaged them when confronted with 7th pandemic El Tor biotype strains.

The link between 3D genome architecture and gene expression is still far from resolved. Here the authors show that loss of the CDK catalytic subunit of the Mediator complex results in heterochromatic silencing, which can be rescued by stabilization of cohesin on chromatin.

Oxygen capture is attractive for catalysis, sensing, and separations, but engineering stable and selective adsorbents is challenging. Here the authors combine metal-based electron transfer with secondary coordination sphere effects in a metal-organic framework, leading to strong and reversible O₂ adsorption that also exhibits negative cooperativity.

In this study of protein-coding de novo mutations in schizophrenia, researchers found only a small contribution toward overall risk, coming predominantly from genes under negative selection and highly expressed in the brain.

Regional ocean redox variability and associated nutrient cycling in the Mesoproterozoic can be explained by climate forcing at individual locations, rather than specific events or step-changes in global oceanic redox conditions.

Romer’s Gap describes the period with few known fossils when early tetrapods were becoming increasingly terrestrial. Here, five new species, three stem tetrapods and two stem amphibians, are described from a location in Scotland shedding light on the phylogeny and environment of this period.

Lunar swirls are high-albedo features on the Moon whose origins are widely debated. Using observations from the Diviner Lunar Radiometer, Glotch et al. present evidence supporting the idea that the swirls arise from abnormal space weathering caused by local magnetic field deflection of solar wind.

Subglacial volcanoes host passage zones that can be used to define high stands of englacial lakes and paleo-ice thickness. This study identifies a pyroclastic passage zone in a subglacial volcano, which may help calculate transient paleolake levels and improve estimates of paleo-ice thickness.

Biomphalaria glabrata is a fresh water snail that acts as a host for trematode Schistosoma mansoni that causes intestinal infection in human. This work describes the genome and transcriptome analyses from 12 different tissues of B glabrata, and identify genes for snail behavior and evolution.

The phosphorus cycle limits primary production on geological timescales, influencing climate. This Review explores the environmental drivers impacting the rates of continental weathering and phosphorus burial in marine sediments, which are the primary sources and sinks in the global phosphorus cycle.

Banded iron formations could not have formed by postdepositional oxidation, according to four million hydrogeological box model iterations that failed to reproduce secondary oxidation on reasonable timescales.

A genome-wide association study using evolutionarily coupled loci identifies epistatic pairs impacting antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

In this study the authors show that monotonous basaltic volcanoes can host a range of melts in their sub-volcanic systems, extending to rhyolitic compositions. The study implies that volcanoes which have produced monotonous basaltic lavas on long timescales could transition to more explosive, silica-rich eruptions in the future.

Brown and colleagues generated an atlas of miRNA expression profiles from primary mouse immune cell populations and connected these signatures with ATAC–seq, ChIP–seq and nascent RNA profiles to establish a map of miRNA promoter and enhancer usage in immune cells.

An atomic model for a type 2 secretion system pseudopilus from Klebsiella oxytoca reveals a comprehensive network of inter-subunit contacts while mutational and functional analyses highlight the role of calcium in PulG folding and stability.

Peridotite carbonation plays an important role in the carbon cycle. Here, the authors present a geophysical characterization of serpentinite carbonation from km to mm scale and confirm that the abundance of magnetic minerals provides a strong correlation with the overall carbonation reaction process.

Past volcanic eruptions along the densely populated Ethiopian Rift valley remain poorly constrained despite the present day hazard. Hutchison et al. show that a large volcanic flare up along a 200 km section of the rift occurred between 320–170 ka dramatically affecting the landscape and hominin population.

The C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) contains a number of repeats, phosphorylation of which influences RNA processing factor recruitment. Genome-wide CTD phosphorylation is now assessed and found not to be scaled to gene length. The kinases mediating these modifications are found not to alter Pol II distribution across a given gene uniformly, arguing that CTD phosphorylation is gene specific.

Carbon is carried into the Earth at subduction zones. Geochemical analysis of subducted sediments now exhumed in Alpine Corsica, France, reveal the formation of graphite during shallow subduction, implying that carbonate transformation to graphite aids transport into the deeper Earth.

The western margin of the Andes Mountains often experiences large earthquakes, but the potential size of earthquakes along the eastern margin is unknown. Analysis of GPS data shows that a substantial section of the eastern margin is locked and could rupture in an earthquake with a magnitude of up to 8.9.