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Magnetic tunnel junctions face challenges in emulating neuromorphic devices within a single film stack platform. Chen et al. fabricate spintronics-based artificial synapses and spiking neurons and implement a convolutional spiking neural network, showing 96% accuracy in a gesture recognition task.

High-latitude soils are future soil organic carbon loss hotspots, with losses dominated by particulate organic carbon (POC). The fraction of POC in total SOC (f_POC) is a key indicator, emphasizing the climate importance of preserving POC.

Extreme environments host diverse microbes, yet their global diversity remains underexplored. Here, the authors analyze both isolate genomes and metagenomes from various extreme habitats to construct a microbial genomic catalog, and use protein language models to identify antimicrobial peptides active against drug-resistant pathogens.

Global Burden of Disease analysis found that in 2023, suboptimal diet was estimated to be responsible for 4 million deaths and 97 million morbidity burdens from ischemic heart disease.

A “confined molecular encapsulation” strategy enables one-step fabrication of biomimetic ion-selective membranes. The in-situ formed MOFs with tunable sizes facilitate highly precise ion differentiation.

Molecular devices offer the potential for the scalability and energy efficiency required to develop energy-sustainable AI. Zhang et al. report a single-molecule neuromorphic device that consumes 6.34 aJ per operation and support both short-term to long-term memory, featuring over 10 distinct conductance states.

Susceptibility of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection, is linked with HLA gene region with mechanisms unclear. The authors here show that the high-risk EBV subtype BALF2 upregulates HLA-DP, leading to CD8⁺ T cell exhaustion, and combined anti-LAG-3 and anti-PD-1 therapy improves anti-cancer efficacy.

CBP phosphorylation keeps intestinal homeostasis by restraining CBP–p53 binding to allow sufficient versican expression. Its impairment suppresses versican, disrupting the stem cell niche to drive UC and highlighting versican as a therapeutic target.

The immune mechanism of radioresistance in cancer patients remains to be explored. The authors here show that CXCL13 is upregulated in tumor regions upon radiation, which recruits immune suppressive CXCR5⁺ monocytes. Blocking CXCR5/CXCL13 interactions facilitate tumor control following radiation.

Zhang et al. show that dynamin forms a helical structure with actin and, upon disruption, enhances branched actin polymerization, constituting a dynamic cycle to regulate actin cytoskeleton mechanical strength.

Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is a regulatory element involved in genomic stability and gene regulation. This study identifies widespread eccDNA in early mammalian embryos. These eccDNAs arise from active genomic regions, increase during a major wave of gene activation, and can regulate key developmental genes.

Self-aggregation in self-assembled monolayers adversely affects on hole transport performance in inverted perovskite solar cells. To address this issue, Shen et al. propose an indole/carbazole co-adsorption strategy to construct phase-homogeneous monolayers featuring alternating molecular arrangements.

In this study, the authors identify an Aurka–Bhlhe41 axis, which prevents microglia from aging-like dysfunction by limiting CD22 upregulation, preserving myelin debris clearance and remyelination, and highlighting a potential therapy target for neurodegeneration.

Current thermal wax refining methods are energy intensive. Here, the authors report a photothermal process using a nanoscale zero-valent iron catalyst and sunlight to refine low-grade waxes into high-grade waxes with narrow distributions.

Perovskite–silicon solar cells rely on buffer layers that avoid damaging the perovskite, but common tin-oxide layers force thicker transport layers that increase optical loss. The authors replace this layer with thermally evaporated antimony oxide, enabling thinner C₆₀ and higher-efficiency perovskite–silicon solar cells.

Neutrophils are known to be important in COPD pathogenesis and calcium signaling is involved in this process. Here the authors examine the function of Na⁺Ca²⁺ exchanger 1 (NCX1) in neutrophil function in mouse models of chronic cigarette smoke exposure and show that inhibition of NCX1 reduces neutrophil accumulation in the lungs and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).

Epitaxial CuO thin films exhibit crystal-symmetry-dependent orbital Rashba–Edelstein effects, enabling anisotropic orbital torque generation. The work reveals how crystal symmetry governs orbital angular momentum transport in oxide spintronic systems.

The authors demonstrate a neuromorphic imaging system that combines optical and electronic, spatial and temporal processing near the sensor, enabling parallel sensing and computation in typical indoor and outdoor environments without any light source requirements.

Maize cultivar evolution boosts maize yield, yet the response pattern of maize to extreme climates is unclear. This study clarifies the synergy and trade-off mechanisms underlying the increase of yield per unit area and adaptation to extreme climates.

Maternal obesity is known to cause systemic lipid dysregulation, yet its effect on lipid reprogramming during the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) remains unknown. Here, they show that obesity disrupts very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) storage in oocytes, impairing peroxisomal protein import in 2-cell embryos.

The authors identify Npr1 as a nucleophagy receptor in fission yeast that acts redundantly with Epr1 to degrade nuclear components. Tethering chromatin to the inner nuclear membrane blocks nucleophagy, suggesting a genome protection mechanism.

RNA editing influences gene regulation in cancer. Here, the authors show that EZH2 regulates RNA editing by ADAR1 through remodeling its interactome and nuclear transport, thereby promoting MDM2 expression and prostate cancer progression.

Plasmons in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) benefit from high quality factors but the modulation of their dispersion relation remains challenging. Here the authors report the observation of hybrid plasmon-phonon polaritons in CNT arrays coupled with 2D hexagonal boron nitride, showing frequency-dependent topological transitions and whispering-gallery modes.

Current artificial intelligence lacks the ability to perceive the emotions conveyed through human touch. Here, the study develops a bio-inspired hairy electronic skin that can recognize emotions from touch, facilitating natural affective communication for robots.

Here, the authors establish 1,3-propanediol, a low-cost biomass-derived bulk chemical, as an efficient, green, and sustainable C1 source for the mono-N-methylation of primary amines, via chelation-free C(sp3)−C(sp3) bond cleavage.

Mechanical computing is promising for environment-adaptive information processing, however existing methods have limited scalability. Here the authors report a polyaniline composite film enabling scalable logical operations.

The development of Tat clusters has advanced the intracellular delivery of functional antibodies at low concentrations, but the variety of proteins that can be successfully delivered remains limited. Here, the authors report that by reversibly modifying the surface of functional proteins with anionic peptides, various protein cargoes (otherwise difficult to deliver) can be delivered into living cells by synergetic electrostatic interactions with the cationic cell-penetrating peptide clusters TAT₃.

Blue light promotes DNA repair in plants via cryptochrome signalling. Here the authors report that this occurs via suppression of COP1 mediated degradation of the repair factor ADA2b and propose that together photoreceptors and COP1 balance genome stability with growth under fluctuating light.

Robotic grippers struggle to handle fragile and varied objects across environments. Here, the authors introduce a liquid metal gripper that adapts its shape and stiffness for gentle, multiscale grasping and active release.

Cu catalysts show promise for converting CO₂ into valuable products, but achieving high selectivity and long-term stability remains challenging. Here, modifying Cu cubes with a nitrogen-rich organic network enables a Faradaic Efficiency of 71.2% for C₂H₄ production with greatly enhanced durability.

Observations and models show decadal ocean temperature regime shifts have increased strongly over the past 150 years due to human warming, linked to abrupt ecological and fishery changes and likely to further intensify without major emission cuts.

Oncolytic viruses are an approved therapeutic approach for glioblastoma, but, unfortunately, they are efficacious only in some patients. Here, the authors discover that LRRK2 inhibitors enhance viral infection and oncolysis by oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) in glioblastoma.

In maize, ZmDapF1 suppresses the activity of ZmMDH6 in chloroplasts, exacerbating oxidative damage under drought. Knocking out ZmDapF1 or using its favourable allele with lower gene expression enhances drought resilience without yield penalty.

Reverse oxygen spillover (ROS), the migration of oxygen from the support to noble metal sites, is a key metal–support interaction governing Pt/TiO₂ catalytic performance. Here, the authors reveal a Pt particle size–dependent ROS effect in Pt/Sn₀.₂Ti₀.₈O₂ catalysts using in situ characterizations and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations.

Analysis of embryo metabolites offers a promising non-invasive strategy for assessing preimplantation developmental potential. Here, the authors report a capillary-driven chemiluminescence microfluidic device equipped with three electrowetting valves that enables quantification of glucose, lactate and pyruvate from as little as 3 μL of spent blastocyst culture medium.

Developing earth-abundant catalysts for the chlorine evolution reaction is vital for a sustainable chlor-alkali industry. Here, the authors report a cerium modified cobalt oxide where cerium induces active site transfer from oxygen to cobalt atoms, achieving high activity and long-term stability.

Methanotrophic growth on methane and N₂-derived ammonia is inhibited by a toxic intermediate, hydroxylamine, generated via ammonia oxidation. Here the authors ameliorate this toxicity through genetically engineering M. sanxanigenens and feed the biomass to mice to reduce colitis symptoms.

This study demonstrates that quantum machine learning models exhibit inherent resilience to data poisoning and a unique capacity for efficient unlearning compared to classical machine learning.

Determining the optimal start of the growing season presents a fundamental dilemma for plants. This meta-analysis suggests that plants exhibit high freezing resistance (to -12 °C) and low lethal frost risk (safety margin of 17 °C) during spring emergence, indicating strong long-term evolutionary pressure.

Au nanowires with an unconventional hexagonal close-packed (4H) phase stabilize the 4H-phase high-entropy alloys grown epitaxially on their surface through a facile chemical synthesis. The resulting core–shell nanostructures demonstrate promising overall water electrolysis performance.

N-desethyl-fluornitrazene is a µ-opioid receptor agonist derived from nitazenes that has supramaximal intrinsic efficacy that produces analgesia with minimal adverse effects in rodent models.

Androgenetic alopecia is the most common type of hair loss, but its drivers remain poorly elucidated. Here, the authors show that hyperactive contraction of the follicle connective tissue sheath impairs hair growth by activating mechanosensitive signaling, suggesting a tractable therapeutic target.

Robustness checks and reproduction of analyses with existing and updated data based on 110 articles in economics and political science journals with data and code-sharing requirements found high levels of robustness and reproducibility and determined that robustness was not dependent on author characteristics or data availability.

Development of the pangenome-informed genome assembly (PIGA) workflow enabled the generation of 1,116 diploid genome assemblies (55 de novo and 1,061 pangenome-informed), representing an extensive resource of medically relevant genic variations.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease characterized by scarring and impaired function, with vascular endothelial cells playing a key role in disease progression. Here, the authors show that endothelial mechanosensitive PIEZO1 promotes fibrosis by activating the CAPN2-STAT3-IL-33 signaling axis, identifying a promising therapeutic target for treatment.

While blue space has been linked to metabolic health, research has primarily focused on water quantity rather than quality. This study finds that lower water coverage and higher exposure to black-odorous water increase risk of metabolic syndrome.