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This study demonstrates a low-energy photon device based on the kagome metal RbV₃Sb₅. It demonstrates that Fermi surface reconstruction, driven by a phase transition, leads to the emergence of van Hove singularities near the Fermi level.

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria offer a promising route to reduce reliance on synthetic fertilizers, but their effectiveness is hindered by environmental stresses that limit survival on leaf surfaces. This study introduces a nanocoating strategy that enables robust foliar colonization of Klebsiella variicola, enhancing nitrogen fixation and improving rice yield under low-fertilizer conditions.

It is unclear how early-life urbanicity influences adult neurobehavioral traits. This study reveals that earlier menarche mediates the relationship between early-life urbanicity and adult neurobehavioral traits associated with mental disorders.

A cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of brainstem structures identify 713 associations. It reveals shared/distinct genetic architectures across ancestries/substructures and overlaps with neuropsychiatric disorders and physiological functions.

Trained and validated on multimodal data from 14.5 million images from multicountry datasets, a foundation model is shown to increase diagnostic and referral accuracy of clinicians when used as an assistant in a trial involving 16 ophthalmologists and 668 patients.

There is considerable interest in transitioning industrial thermocatalytic reactions to renewable-driven processes, but the electrification of such reactions has been challenging. Now, it has been shown that bridging non-aqueous chemistry with aqueous electrochemistry through aqueous–non-aqueous interfacial proton-coupled electron transfer can enable electricity-driven hydrogen peroxide production.

The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) hosted a symposium on ‘AI and Immunology: Exploring Challenges and Opportunities’. The event considered how artificial intelligence (AI) can advance research on the multi-scale, adaptive immune system to improve human health, covering basic research and clinical use cases, data and AI model fundamentals.

An artificial neuron that is based on one diffusive memristor, one transistor and one resistor can exhibit six key biological neuronal characteristics—leaky integration, threshold firing, cascaded connection, intrinsic plasticity, refractory period and stochasticity—with the footprint of a single transistor when vertically integrated.

The practical uses of enzymes often require their immobilization for long-term running, but efficient immobilization methods are lacking. Here, the authors develop an enzyme immobilization approach that allows stable continuous-flow olefin epoxidations, through the design of an interphase system immobilizing enzymes by combining hydrophobic pores and a water‒oil microenvironment.

DeepRETStroke is a deep learning system using retinal photographs to detect silent brain infarction and predict future stroke events.

Cellular exhaustion can limit the ability of immune cells to control tumors. Here the authors show that expression of the transcription factor Irf4 marks NK cell percursors that will go on to become exhausted mature NK cells and identify targets to interfere with this trajectory to enhance control over melanoma metastasis.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

Lu and colleagues show that signaling through the lactate receptor HCAR1 in colorectal tumor cells promotes the recruitment of immunosuppressive CCR2⁺ PMN-MDSCs and that inhibition of HCAR1 by reserpine augments the CD8⁺ T cell-mediated antitumor immune response.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

An ongoing effort aims to transform the clonally propagated tetraploid potato to a seed-propagated diploid crop, but our understanding of it disomic inheritance is limited. Here, the authors report genetic basis of heterosis in the elite hybrid potato and identify a male fertility-related PME gene with dominance heterotic effect.

Tailored to provide diabetes management recommendations from large training and validation datasets, an artificial intelligence system integrating language and computer vision capabilities is shown to improve self-management of patients in a prospective implementation study.

A deep learning algorithm shows promising performance in predicting progression to diabetic retinopathy in patients, up to 5 years in advance, potentially providing support for medical treatment decisions and indications for personalized screening frequency in a real-world cohort.

Microbot collectives can cooperate to accomplish complex tasks that are difficult for a single individual. Here, the authors report magnetic and light-driven ant microbot collectives that are capable of reconfiguring multiple assembled architectures.

A blockchain-based isotopic database compiling 34,815 isotopic fingerprints of global atmospheric particulate matter (PM) and its emissions from 1,890 pollution events is presented, enabling tracing of the ‘intervention−emissions−PM’ pathway.

A stretchable ultrasonic array conforming to the skin allows for the three-dimensional imaging of tissue modulus at depths of up to 4 cm.

Transmembrane channels have inspired the development of biomimetic channels. Here, the authors present a class of artificial nanochannels based on DNAzyme-functionalized glass nanopipettes to allow for the control of channel permeability.

Cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies of 3,414 brain imaging phenotypes in Chinese Han and white British participants identify autosomal and X-chromosomal associations in more diverse populations.

Anlotinib hydrochloride is a multi-target tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor, previously combined with anti-PD1 as therapeutic strategy for several cancer types. Here the authors report the results of a phase II trial of nivolumab (anti-PD1) plus anlotinib hydrochloride in patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

High-quality diploid assemblies of potato genomes from 24 wild and 20 cultivated potatoes provide insights into the complex evolution and diversity of potatoes, and could have applications in the breeding of hybrid potatoes.

Utilizing the Marangoni effect, miniaturized machineries can be endowed with self-propulsion. Here, the authors report high-performance Marangoni hydrogel rotors with asymmetric porosity and drag reduction profile and demonstrate multiple potential functionalities.

Adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) is an essential vitamin whose production is limited to bacterial fermentation. Here, the authors report an alternative method for the synthesis of AdoCbl based on a cell-free reaction system integrating more than 30 biocatalytic reactions to produce AdoCbl from 5-aminolevulinic acid.

Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) show promise for facilitating cancer risk stratification. Here, the authors performed a large genome-wide association study and develop a PRS for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which could improve risk stratification and personalized screening.

Evolution of accretion disk and corona during outbursts in black hole binary systems is still unclear. Here, the authors show spectral analysis of MAXI J1820+070 and propose a scenario of a dynamical corona to explain the evolution of the reflection fraction observed by Insight-HXMT.

Genome-wide data from 166 East Asian individuals dating to between 6000 bc and ad 1000 and from 46 present-day groups provide insights into the histories of mixture and migration of human populations in East Asia.

Genome-wide association meta-analyses in populations of East Asian and European ancestries identify variant–trait associations for 44 hippocampal traits and provide insight into the genetic architectures of hippocampal and subfield volumes.

The genome of the model fern species Ceratopteris richardii reveals a history of remarkably dynamic genome evolution, including rapid changes in genome content and structure following the most recent whole-genome duplication approximately 60 million years ago.

Sun and colleagues describe that the secretion of interleukin-33 is dependent on a p40 N-terminal fragment of gasdermin D, whose generation is independent of inflammatory caspase-1 and caspase-11.

This study showed that the type III effector NopL can interact with the Nod factor receptor GmNFR5, and the existence of NopL can promote GmREM1 interacts with GmNFR5, which demonstrates a signaling pathway underlying the symbiosis establishment in soybean.

Improved host-guest electronic interplay within stable metal-organic cages (MOCs) presents opportunities for photocatalysis. Here, the authors use pyridinium-derived ligands with solubilizing counteranions to prepare highly soluble Zr-MOCs and demonstrate the use of host-guest charge-transfer complexation to enhance photo-induced electron transfer.

Robust protocols for the synthesis of chiral α-tertiary amino acids remain scarce due to the challenge of constructing congested tetrasubstituted stereocentres. Now a cobalt-catalysed enantioselective aza-Barbier reaction of ketimines with various unactivated alkyl halides has been developed, forming diverse chiral α-tertiary amino esters with high enantioselectivity and excellent functional group tolerance.