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The coupling of acetonitrile into succinonitrile via a dehydrogenative route is highly attractive in terms of valuable chemical synthesis and green hydrogen energy production. Here, the authors report succinonitrile synthesis with high selectivity and rate via a light driven dehydrogenative coupling reaction of CH₃CN over the anatase TiO₂ supported Pt catalyst.

Stevioside is an inhibitor of Streptococcus pneumoniae capsule biosynthesis by disrupting pyruvate metabolism and redox balance, it reduces capsular polysaccharide formation, enhances immune clearance, and protects from pneumococcal infection.

Ferroelectric ordering of water has been at the heart of intense debates due to its importance in enhancing our understanding of the condensed matter. Here, the authors observe ferroelectric properties of water ice in a two dimensional phase under confinement between two graphene layers.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

Whole-genome sequencing data for 2,778 cancer samples from 2,658 unique donors across 38 cancer types is used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of cancer, revealing that driver mutations can precede diagnosis by several years to decades.

Modules of foldable crystalline silicon solar cells retain their power-conversion efficiency after being subjected to bending stress or exposure to air-flow simulations of a violent storm.

Controlling the enantioselectivity of radical reactions is a persistent challenge in organic synthesis. Here, the authors report a method to form asymmetric pyridine derivatives via the combination of chiral palladium catalysis and electrochemistry.

Colorectal cancer can be difficult to treat due to multiple biological barriers. Here, the authors report an orally delivered microbial–inorganic hybrid that combines electrogenic bacteria with MnO₂ nanoparticles to disrupt tumour metabolism, trigger pyroptosis, remodel immunity, and achieve tumour-targeted therapy.

Upconversion particle-based holographic fluorescence optical tweezers enable super-resolved photonic force microscopy and applications on long-range subfemtonewton force sensing, intracellular viscosity measurements and temperature sensing.

The authors report a molecular ferroelectric (TMCM)[FeCl₄], which shows strong magnetostrictive and magnetoelectric effects at room temperature. The spin-lattice coupling of FeCl₄ and flexible structure of organic cations are responsible for these effects.

Gravitational wave sources can be used as cosmological probes through a direct distance luminosity relation. Here, the authors demonstrate that the time delay between lensed gravitational wave signals and their electromagnetic counterparts can reduce the uncertainty in the Hubble constant.

The Mizoroki–Heck reaction and its reductive analogue are staples of organic synthesis, but the ensuing products often lack a chemical handle for further transformation. Here the authors present a method to add a heterocycle and transformable halide across a double bond via iridium photocatalysis.

An artificial ligament replacement is made from aligned carbon nanotubes formed into hierarchical helical fibres with nanometre and micrometre channels which are demonstrated for the replacement of anterior cruciate ligaments in both rabbit and ovine models, showing strong integration and functional recovery.

Understanding deregulation of biological pathways in cancer can provide insight into disease etiology and potential therapies. Here, as part of the PanCancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) consortium, the authors present pathway and network analysis of 2583 whole cancer genomes from 27 tumour types.

There’s an emerging body of evidence to show how biological sex impacts cancer incidence, treatment and underlying biology. Here, using a large pan-cancer dataset, the authors further highlight how sex differences shape the cancer genome.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

In somatic cells the mechanisms maintaining the chromosome ends are normally inactivated; however, cancer cells can re-activate these pathways to support continuous growth. Here, the authors characterize the telomeric landscapes across tumour types and identify genomic alterations associated with different telomere maintenance mechanisms.

Whole-genome sequencing data from more than 2,500 cancers of 38 tumour types reveal 16 signatures that can be used to classify somatic structural variants, highlighting the diversity of genomic rearrangements in cancer.

Viral pathogen load in cancer genomes is estimated through analysis of sequencing data from 2,656 tumors across 35 cancer types using multiple pathogen-detection pipelines, identifying viruses in 382 genomic and 68 transcriptome datasets.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

A pan-cancer genomic analysis reports the effects of structural variations on chromatin domains (TADs). Most TAD disruptions do not result in appreciable changes in expression of nearby genes.

An analysis of 2,954 genomes from 38 cancer subtypes identified 19,166 retrotransposition events in 35% of samples. Aberrant LINE-1 retrotranspositions can lead to the deletion of tumor-suppressor genes as well as the amplification of oncogenes.

Some cancer patients first present with metastases where the location of the primary is unidentified; these are difficult to treat. In this study, using machine learning, the authors develop a method to determine the tissue of origin of a cancer based on whole sequencing data.

Many tumours exhibit hypoxia (low oxygen) and hypoxic tumours often respond poorly to therapy. Here, the authors quantify hypoxia in 1188 tumours from 27 cancer types, showing elevated hypoxia links to increased mutational load, directing evolutionary trajectories.

Multi-omics datasets pose major challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation owing to their high-dimensional molecular profiles. Here, the authors develop ActivePathways method, which uses data fusion techniques for integrative pathway analysis of multi-omics data and candidate gene discovery.

The characterization of 4,645 whole-genome and 19,184 exome sequences, covering most types of cancer, identifies 81 single-base substitution, doublet-base substitution and small-insertion-and-deletion mutational signatures, providing a systematic overview of the mutational processes that contribute to cancer development.

In this study the authors consider the structural variants (SVs) present within cancer cases of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium. They report hundreds of genes, including known cancer-associated genes for which the nearby presence of a SV breakpoint is associated with altered expression.

Cancers evolve as they progress under differing selective pressures. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, the authors present the method TrackSig the estimates evolutionary trajectories of somatic mutational processes from single bulk tumour data.

ARAF uniquely enhances RAS activity via N-terminal disordered sequence, forming membrane ARAF–RAS condensates that shield RAS from negative regulation and drive cancer drug resistance.

Traditional water–gas shift reaction process is hindered by harsh reaction conditions and extra steps for hydrogen separation and purification. Here, the authors report a room temperature electrochemical water–gas shift process for direct production of high purity hydrogen with a faradaic efficiency of approximately 100%.

The efficiency and selectivity of the transformation process for an aqueous solution of mixed oxygenates produced by biomass fermentation remains a challenge. Here, the authors report a simple reaction for the conversion of aqueous biomass fermentation broth to a water-immiscible product efficiently and selectively.

Molecular bilayer graphene — a discrete assembly of two stacked graphene fragments — is challenging to produce in pure form. Here, the authors are able to synthesize and characterize stable molecular bilayer graphenes by the π−π stacking of two identical, well-defined nanographene sheets.

Substantial efforts have been devoted to the construction of axially chiral allenes, however, the strategies to prepare chiral exocyclic allenes are still rare. This work describes a copper-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of exocyclic allenes by simultaneous control of axial and central chirality.

Direct visualization of chiral effects in topological chiral semimetals remains elusive. Here, Sessi et al. demonstrate that quasiparticle scattering at impurities in the two enantiomers of PdGa gives rise to handedness dependent quantum interference patterns.

Through binding mitochondrial ATP synthase, engineered nanomedicines rejuvenate aged bone stem cells and restore osteogenesis, reversing osteoporosis in mice and offering a potential senolytic therapy for skeletal ageing.

This study of Chinese endometrioid endometrial carcinomas describes the proteogenomic differences between early-onset and late-onset tumors, finding that SIGLEC10 mutation may contribute to tumorigenesis and progestin resistance in early cases.

In this study, Yang et al. compile a global dataset to uncover the degree to which plants coordinate root and seed traits. They report a global positive correlation between root diameter and seed size, driven by dual roles of arbuscular mycorrhiza in phosphorus uptake and pathogen defence.

In the multicenter phase 2 OptiTROP-Lung01 trial in patients with treatment-naive advanced non-small-cell lung cancers, the antibody–drug conjugate sacituzumab tirumotecan with anti-PD-L1 tagitanlimab was safe and showed encouraging clinical efficacy.

Atmospheric aerosols can both suppress and foster the development of clouds and precipitation, depending on meteorological conditions. Ten years of observations, together with model simulations, suggest that aerosols stimulate the vertical development of warm-base mixed-phase clouds.

In this Perspective, members of the Aging Biomarker Consortium outline the X-Age Project, an Aging Biomarker Consortium plan for building standardized aging clocks in China. The authors discuss the project roadmap and its aims of decoding aging heterogeneity, detecting accelerated aging early and evaluating geroprotective interventions.

The functional role of the co-presence of aberrant long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and coding genes in cancer remains poorly understood. Here, the transcriptional regulator Prohibitin 2 (PHB2) is shown to co-regulate the transcription of an oncogenic CASC15- New-Isoform 2 (CANT2) lncRNA and the tumour-suppressor gene CCBE1 accelerating tumorigenesis of melanoma.

This research identifies a regulatory role for the receptor-like kinase FERONIA in Arabidopsis roots, finding that it balances growth and immunity by activating localized immunity in response to bacterial colonization.

Structural variants (SVs) in human genomes contribute diversity and diseases. Here, the authors use a multi-platform strategy to generate haplotype-resolved SVs for three human parent–child trios.