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Flat bands provide ideal platforms for exploring strongly correlated electronic phenomena, but precise control of their energy levels remains challenging. This work demonstrates atomic-scale electrostatic engineering of flat bands in a K₃P Lieb lattice, enabled by manipulating charged defects.

Previous study showed Zishen Yutai Pill improved pregnancy outcomes in in vitro fertilization. This study showed that Zishen Yutai Pill increased live birth rates in women aged 35–42 undergoing IVF.

A comprehensive single-cell atlas now reveals eosinophil heterogeneity across several mouse tissues, linking distinct cellular states to tissue residency and lifespan, and offering insights into their context-dependent phenotypic and functional adaptations.

This work presents a wide-FOV, high-spatiotemporal-resolution LiDAR with astigmatic metalens (AML) coordinated spectral-acousto-optic scanning. A frame-wise point acquisition rate of 36.6 MHz and a FOV of 102° are simultaneously achieved.

Seawater direct electrolysis using renewable energy provides an appealing pathway to harness abundant oceanic hydrogen resources. Here, authors report a redox-mediated decoupled seawater direct electrolysis strategy to suppress the chlorine electro-oxidation side reaction.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has become the standard of care in patients with resectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC). Here, authors present a randomised phase II trial reporting the non-inferiority of neoadjuvant camrelizumab (anti-PD-1) and chemotherapy (nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin) compared to chemoradiation (nab-paclitaxel, cisplatin, and radiotherapy in patients with resectable LA-ESCC.

As a major source of reactive oxygen species, mitochondria face a challenge to maintain their redox state. Here the authors show that ROMO1 overexpression prevents deleterious oxidation of the mitochondrial cysteinome and exerts beneficial effects on mitochondrial function.

Xu and colleagues use single-cell transcriptomic analyses to uncover distinct expression dynamics of metabolic programs in germinal center B cells. Coupled analysis of transcriptional states and Igh variable sequences revealed that OXPHOS metabolism is enhanced in GC B cells undergoing positive selection. Their findings suggest BCR signaling tunes GC B cell metabolism to accelerate the cell cycle of positively selected GC B cells.

Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) play pivotal roles in maintaining the immune homeostasis of mucosal tissue, and understanding the molecular mechanism of this regulation is important. Here the authors show that ILC3s express high levels of the antibody Fc-receptor common gamma chain, FcεR1γ, which is crucial for their anti-infection function via maintaining surface expression of NKp46 and CD16.

Recycling China’s end-of-life trucks promises 44 billion United States dollars and reduces carbon emissions by 58 million metric tons by 2050, according to a multi-factor future projection modeling approach

This study shows that smoking worsens neovascular age-related macular degeneration via the Sema4D-PlexinB1 pathway. Targeting Sema4D reduces choroidal neovascularization and enhances anti-VEGF therapy efficacy, offering a potential therapeutic approach.

Dynamic changes of histone modification and how it affects gene transcription during wheat endosperm development remain largely unknow. Here, the author fulfill this knowledge gap and reveal the role of ethylene response factor ERF5 in the regulatory network during grain filling, and starch and protein accumulation.

While the prognostic role of immunoglobulin heavy chain locus (IGH) rearrangement in minimal residual disease (MRD) in pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) has been reported, the contribution of light chain loci (IGK/IGL) remains elusive. Here, the authors investigate it using a next generation sequencing approach.

Metabolic disorder significantly contributes to diabetic vascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study reveals that O-GlcNAcylation, a nutrient-sensitive protein modification, drives vascular dysfunction in DR by stabilizing Hippo signaling key components YAP/TAZ. Targeting O-GlcNAc-YAP/TAZ shows therapeutic potential for mitigating DR pathology.

The study examines interplay between seismic and aseismic slip associated with the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake doublet, constrained by InSAR and strong motion data, shedding light on the frictional properties and seismic potential of faults.

Singh and colleagues show Tigit controls the generation of germinal center-derived plasma cell precursors that give rise to long-lived differentiated progeny in the bone marrow.

The cumulative global warming potential-weighted emissions of hydrochlorofluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons are significant, which will be 21.2 (±3.7) gigatons CO₂-equivalent in 2022–2060 under a business-as-usual scenario.

Xu, Yu, Zhang, Ma, He and colleagues show that SHP-1 inhibition causes increased glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation through PFKP in leukaemia stem cells, thereby promoting immunosurveillance and chemosensitivity in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Restoring mitochondrial function has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for diabetic retinopathy. Here, the authors show that mitochondrial hyperfusion blunts mitophagy during the disease process, and that rescuing this process pharmacologically confers retinal neuroprotection independent of an improved glycaemic status in type-1 diabetic mice.

Xu, Zhang, Xuan et al. show that PD-1 signalling defines a population of leukaemia stem cells with features of quiescence, drug resistance and protection against cell death, ablation of which suppresses disease progression of mouse and human T-ALL.

Dual blockade therapy is currently being trialled for multiple tumour types, but efficacy is variable. Here, the authors use longitudinal proteomics profiling of 22 patients to develop a predictive model of therapy response.

Coptis chinensis represents an early-diverging eudicot lineage with diverse medicinal applications. Here, the authors report its chromosome-scale genome assembly, infer a single ancient whole-genome duplication, and characterize the function of CYP719 in diversification of protoberberine-type alkaloids.

A genetically encoded acetylcholine sensor with improved sensitivity allows detection of cholinergic neurotransmission in vivo in the Drosophila and mouse brain.

We introduce a major scientific endeavour called π-HuB (proteomic navigator of the human body), its aim being to generate and harness multimodality proteomic datasets to enhance our understanding of human biology.

The beating heart adapts cardiac output to changes in mechanical load via incompletely understood mechanotransduction mechanisms. Here the authors show that the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel serves as a mechanotransducer for directly converting mechanical stretch of cardiomyocytes into Ca²⁺ and ROS signaling and consequently maintaining normal heart function.

RAB17 and LMO4 modulate ferroptosis by regulating GPX4 expression through the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway.

How Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) escapes autophagy-mediated clearance is poorly understood. Here, Liu et al. show that Mtb-induced MicroRNA-27a targets the ER-associated calcium transporter CACNA2D3, leading to suppression of antimicrobial autophagy and to enhanced intracellular survival of Mtb.

FHIRM-TPM is a miniature two-photon microscope capable of imaging fluorescently labeled neurons in the brains of freely behaving mice. It allows for imaging of spines or recording of neural activity with a frame rate up to 40 Hz.