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By leveraging microcavity-integrated photonics and Kerr-induced optical frequency division, an integrated photonic millimetre-wave oscillator with low phase noise is demonstrated, achieving –77 dBc Hz^–1 and –121 dBc Hz^–1, respectively, at 100-Hz and 10-kHz offset frequencies, corresponding to –98 dBc Hz^–1 and –142 dBc Hz^–1 when scaled to a 10-GHz carrier.

Biased noise qubits, which can selectively suppress certain types of noise, are advantageous for quantum error correction of bosonic codes. Here the authors make an important step in this direction by demonstrating quantum control of a harmonic oscillator with a biased noise qubit.

Schrodinger’s cat states constitute an important resource for quantum information processing, but present challenges in terms of scalabilty and controllability. Here, the authors exploit fast Kerr nonlinearity modulation to generate and store cat states in superconducting circuits in a more scalable way.

Increasing the conversion efficiency of soliton crystals will enable further application of optical frequency comb. Here the authors engineer an hybrid Mach-Zehnder micro-ring resonator to achieve 80% pump-to-comb conversion efficiency based on dissipative Kerr solitons.

Based on observations in crystalline MgF₂ and planar Si₃N₄ microresonators, scientists reveal that the existence of multiple and broad-beat notes in a Kerr-frequency comb is due to the formation dynamics of the comb itself. This work identifies the conditions requires for low-phase-noise performance and also helps to elucidate a number of yet-unexplained phenomena.

Kerr frequency combs are well suited for high-capacity data transmission with phase-sensitive modulation formats. This work demonstrates error-free transmission with data rates of up to 1.44 Tbit s⁻¹, spectral efficiencies of up to 6 bit s⁻¹ Hz⁻¹ and transmission distances of up to 300 km.

The authors demonstrate an all-optical method to control the polarization of light. Harnessing the Kerr nonlinearity in an optical resonator, this enables precise polarization control in photonic circuits.

The transmission of a pair of phase-conjugated beams is shown to mitigate nonlinear distortion during optical fibre communication, allowing a 400 Gbit s⁻¹ superchannel to be sent over 12,800 km of optical fibre.

Transient object ASASSN-15lh was previously cast as the most luminous supernova ever discovered. Now, however, there is convincing evidence that its flare was a tidal disruption event: a rapidly-spinning black hole tearing apart a neighbouring star.

In this work, researchers show how laser annealing is used to create complex 2D gradients in magnetic properties, which can steer spin waves and domain walls. This fast, maskless method enables the development of next-generation computing devices.

The magneto-optical Kerr effect is demonstrated in an antiferromagnetic metal. Large rotation angles, magnetic octupole domain imaging was enabled.

Dissipative Kerr solitons are the key phenomenon underpinning the generation of broad and coherent frequency combs on a photonic chip. This work extends the notion of dissipative Kerr solitons to the case of two coupled resonators possessing an exceptional point.

Coupling of the Rydberg states of an ensemble of rubidium atoms gives rise to a d.c. Kerr effect that is six orders of magnitude greater than in conventional Kerr media. Such phenomena could enable the development of high-precision electric field sensors and other nonlinear optical devices.

The dynamical axion quasiparticle, which is directly analogous to the hypothetical fundamental axion particle, is observed in two-dimensional MnBi₂Te₄, and has implications for quantum chromodynamics, cosmology and string theory.

Preclinical studies indicate a synergistic effect of radiotherapy treatment (RT) and Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) on tumor growth and metastasis. However, little is known about the immunomodulatory performance of different radioisotopes on the tumor microenvironment. Here, the authors employ alpha- versus beta-particle emitting radiopharmaceuticals in combination with dual ICI therapy and dissect mechanisms of in vivo immunomodulation and timing of ICI administration relative to RT, by comparing responses in immunogenic and non-immunogenic preclinical mouse models.

Qutrits, or quantum three-level systems, can provide advantages over qubits in certain quantum information applications, and high-fidelity single-qutrit gates have been demonstrated. Goss et al. realize high-fidelity entangling gates between two superconducting qutrits that are universal for ternary computation.

Scanning nitrogen-vacancy microscopy unveils super-moiré spin textures emerging in twisted double-bilayer CrI₃ and provides real-space evidence of antiferromagnetic Néel-type skyrmions spanning multiple moiré cells.

Signal processing is key to communications and video image processing for astronomy, medical diagnosis, autonomous driving, big data and AI. Menxi Tan and colleagues report a photonic processor operating at 17Tb/s for ultrafast robotic vision and machine learning.

In superconducting circuits, the nonlinearity of Josephson junctions mediates photon interactions, but they are typically dominated by two-photon processes. Here the authors observe multi-photon interactions in a superconducting circuit with Cooper-pair pairing, revealing a new regime of microwave quantum optics.

Optical absorption and nonlinear index are important performance drivers in devices like microcombs. Here the authors use resonance-enhanced nonlinear spectroscopy to characterize absorption limits and nonlinear index for some integrated photonic materials.

The layered structure of van der Waals materials leads to highly anisotropic thermal conductivity, due to the van der Waals gap between the layers. Here, Da̧browski et al show how this anisotropic heat transport can be harnessed for ultrafast, optically-induced control of magnetism in Cr₂Ge₂Te₆.

For widespread technological application of nonlinear photonic integrated circuits, ultralow optical losses and high fabrication throughput are required. Here, the authors present a CMOS fabrication technique that realizes integrate photonic microresonators on waver-level with mean quality factors exceeding 30 million and 1 dB/m optical losses.

Magnetotransport signature of topological semimetal states has been observed but restricted at very low temperature. Here, Zhanget al. report magnetic field-modulated chiral charge pumping and valley diffusion in Cd₃As₂up to room temperature.

The application of d.c. fields across p–i–n junctions in silicon ridge waveguides leads to crystal symmetry breaking. This induces a second-order optical nonlinear susceptibility that enables phase-only modulation and second-harmonic generation with an efficiency of ∼13% W^–1 at 2.29 µm.

Optical frequency combs are vital tools for precision measurements, and extending them further into the mid-infrared 'molecular fingerprint' range will open new avenues for spectroscopy. Using crystalline microresonators, Wang et al. demonstrate Kerr combs at 2.5 μm as a promising route into the mid-infrared.

Copper-impurity-free Si₃N₄ photonic integrated circuits reduce thermal absorption and enable robust, deterministic soliton generation.

Neuromorphic computing processes data faster and with less energy than electronics. Here, authors demonstrate a reconfigurable photonic reservoir computer that performs multiple machine learning tasks in parallel at ultrafast rates while using extremely low energy per operation.

The authors introduce and demonstrate experimentally an all-optical platform in fibres for reconfigurable operations at the sub-nanosecond time scale. This paves the way towards programmable hardware for photonic computing and machine learning.

An optical parametric amplifier based on integrated photonic circuits fabricated using low-loss gallium phosphide-on-silicon dioxide demonstrates improved bandwidth and gain performance over state-of-the-art erbium-doped fibre amplifiers while maintaining a low noise figure.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

The imaging of magnetic domains in three-dimensional solids has been hampered by a lack of suitable methods. The authors show that Talbot-Lau neutron tomography is capable of visualizing the domain structure of an iron silicide bulk crystal.

Chip-based frequency combs promise many applications, but full integration requires the electrical pump source and the microresonator to be on the same chip. Here, the authors show such integration of a microcomb with < 100 GHz mode spacing without additional filtering cavities or on-chip heaters.

The use of light in driving the magnetization of materials has great technological potential, as well as allowing for insights into the fast dynamics of magnetic systems. Here, the authors combine CrI₃, a van der Waals magnet, with WSe₂, and demonstrate all optical switching of the resulting heterostructure.

A scalable solution involving direct wafer-bonding of high-quality, epitaxially grown gallium phosphide to low-index substrates is introduced. The promise of this platform for integrated nonlinear photonics is demonstrated with low-threshold frequency comb generation, frequency-doubled combs and Raman lasing.

The perpendicular Néel order in a collinear antiferromagnetic insulator—chromium oxide—can be switched by 180° via the spin–orbit torque with a low current density of 5.8 × 10⁶ A cm⁻² and read out via the anomalous Hall effect.

Frequency combs have revolutionized the study of electronic structures and dynamics of matter but currently used lasers systems are limited in terms of achievable pulse energies. Here, Pronin et al.demonstrate few cycle pulse emission from a thin-disk laser with 150 nJ pulse energy and 7.7 fs pulse duration.

In order to satisfy a wide range of modern microwave applications, improved methods are needed to produce low-noise microwave signals. Here the authors demonstrate ultra-low noise microwave synthesis via optical frequency division using a transfer oscillator method applied to a microresonator-based comb on the path to future self-referenced integrated sources.