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Most H₂ used in the chemical industry is derived from fossil fuels. Now it has been shown that coupling native microbial H₂ pathways with engineered alkene biosynthesis and membrane-bound Pd catalysis enables biocompatible hydrogenation of metabolic intermediates in living bacteria. This hybrid chemo-microbial platform supports the carbon-negative synthesis of industrial chemicals from waste-derived feedstocks.

Measures of persistent organic pollutant concentrations in human pancreas remain limited; additionally, no studies have correlated pollutant concentrations with direct measures of beta cell function in humans. Here the authors show that lipophilic pollutants—including dioxins/furans, polychlorinated biphenyls, and organochlorine pesticides— accumulate in human pancreas and positively correlate with markers of beta cell dysfunction.

Many hospitalised children with acute illness in low- and middle-income countries experience incomplete recovery, readmission, and post-discharge mortality despite guideline-directed care. Here the authors report multiomic profiling to investigate biological drivers of hospital in-patient and post-discharge mortality in 3,101 acutely ill children across nine sites in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis owes its success partly to its ability to enter a ‘dormant’, non-replicative state, reactivating years or even decades after initial infection. In this work, authors find that a key alteration in a gene involved in this dormancy response has evolved, or is evolving, in parallel in human-adapted lineages across the globe.

REDD+ projects reduced deforestation, but less than claimed. Synthesising 44 projects, this study finds about 11 times over-crediting due to selection bias in control areas and modelling approaches and concludes that ex post certification is needed.

Deletion of one allele of Rps19 or Rpl5 highlights how ribosomal proteins control fetal hematopoiesis. Imbalanced ribosomal protein stoichiometry disrupts developmental programs leading to pediatric disorders known as ribosomopathies.

Pooled single-cell perturbation screens can dissect genetic networks but face scalability issues in vivo. Here, the authors present MIC-Drop-seq, pairing high-throughput CRISPR in zebrafish with multiplexed scRNA-seq to enable scalable, whole-animal screening at single-cell resolution.

A Hemostatic Tough Adhesive (HTA) is developed and evaluated, achieving hemostasis in both liver and spleen injuries within an in vivo preclinical porcine model.

Global Burden of Disease analysis found that in 2023, suboptimal diet was estimated to be responsible for 4 million deaths and 97 million morbidity burdens from ischemic heart disease.

The immunological events that correlate with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection (LTBI) containment in immune suppressed hosts remain to be explored. The authors here show that CD8⁺ T cells are critical for BCG vaccination-induced prevention of Mtb dissemination in the absence of CD4⁺ T cells in a mouse model of contained tuberculosis.

Using an evolutionary optimization approach, the authors report a culture medium that matures stem cell-derived heart cells, improving their structure, metabolism and electrical activity to advance highly functional models for in vitro testing.

The functional impact of most missense variants remains unknown. Here the authors perform deep mutational scanning of the tumor suppressor SMARCB1 and find missense mutations that retain detectable protein expression but disrupt function similar to protein-null mutations

Disentangling the exotic phases that can emerge at the surfaces of strongly correlated materials from the bulk is experimentally difficult. Here, Jain, Diao, Ong, Rusydi, and coauthors succeed in doing so, using grazing incident-angle dependent resonant X-ray scattering to find an emergent surface magnetic ordering and surface electronic dipole layers in the two-dimensional film of La2CuO4

Response to vagus nerve stimulation cannot currently be predicted, leaving many children to undergo implantation without benefit. We present a deep representation learning model using preoperative T1-weighted MRI to predict treatment response.

This study shows that transcranial ultrasound stimulation can suppress a pathological biomarker in the brain network responsible for symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. This discovery could pave the way for future ultrasound-based deep brain stimulation.

A reversible suspended animation state in C. elegans is triggered by crowding in liquid. It reshapes gene activity, metabolism and organelles, uncovering lysosomal and neuronal signals that control survival and reawakening.

Single Droplet Displacement IR Action Spectroscopy is a new technique to obtain IR spectra of substrate-free single droplets held in an electrodynamic balance by mapping the droplet’s IR-induced displacement as a function of IR frequency.

A large-scale study on the replicability of claims from social and behavioural science journals reports that about half of the results replicate in the same patterns as the original study.

The authors have applied an eight-tissue rat multi-omic dataset to analyze the gene regulatory landscape of endurance exercise training, identifying tissue-specific regulatory patterns involved in muscle function, metabolism and immune response.

Antigen-specific immunotherapy is emerging as a potential therapeutic for type-1 diabetes. Here, the authors demonstrate that tolerance induced by nanoparticles linked to a CD4 + T cell epitope reprogrammes the fate of CD8 + T cells through IL-10-mediated suppression of dendritic cell activation in mice.

Preparation of phosphorescent materials from bio-based materials is desirable, but achieving the desired properties can be challenging. Here, the authors report the development of 3D printable woody materials by grafting carboxyl functional groups onto lignocellulose matrices.

Magrinelli et al. link biallelic PSMF1 variants to phenotypes from parkinsonism to perinatal lethality, implicating proteasomal and mitochondrial dysfunction. PI31 loss in fly and mouse models causes age-dependent motor deficits and neurodegeneration.

The interactions between the species formed during the capture and release cycle when using amino acid salts for carbon capture are poorly characterised. Here, the authors use neutron diffraction and structural refinement to reveal the changes in their structural features before and after CO₂ absorption, aiding their future design.

Accurate characterization of emerging quantum sensors requires an imaging technique that does not depend on defect-specific optical readout. Here, using a NV center in diamond, the authors detect and map boron vacancy defects in hBN via spin cross-relaxation, enabling quantitative nanoscale imaging and spectroscopy without detecting hBN emission.

Transmission of Plasmodium falciparum relies on the development of gametocytes, which undergo extensive cellular remodelling. Here, the authors demonstrate that the PfGID E3 ubiquitin ligase complex affects gametocyte development by regulating key proteins, producing defective cells that cannot infect mosquitoes.

The mechanisms driving reversible dedifferentiation events towards a drug-tolerant persister (DTP) state remain to be explored. Here, multi-omics, information-theoretic approaches and dynamic systems modelling highlight the role of the oxidative-stress–mediated NF-κB/RelA axis in driving the transition towards DTP across multiple cancer types.

This analysis of coral reef fish community structure reveals major differences in the energetic potential of planktivorous assemblages between Indo-Pacific and Caribbean coral reefs. Indo-Pacific reefs support greater planktivorous fish biomass and productivity, largely due to the contribution of species that feed on gelatinous plankton.

The CMS experiment at CERN reports one of the highest-precision measurements of the W boson mass, finding it in line with standard model predictions and at odds with recent anomalous measurements.

When 100 social and behavioural science claims were examined, 34% of reanalyses closely matched the original results, with 74% reaching the same conclusion, revealing limited robustness of single-path analyses and the need to address analytical uncertainty.

Cobalt intercalated TaS2 has recently been found to host 3Q antiferromagnetic order. This 3Q state occurs coexists with a very large anomalous hall effect, and shows strong sensitivity to Cobalt concentration. Here, Luo and coauthors perform doping dependent angular resolved photoemission experiments on Co1/3TaS2, finding clearly fingerprints of 3Q magnetic order in the electronic band structure.

The CCTG PA.7 randomized phase II trial compared chemotherapy with and without dual immune checkpoint inhibition in patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Here, the authors report long-term survival and exploratory analysis of the CCTG PA.7 trial, identifying a pattern of mutations linked to improved immunotherapy response.

A study of reproducibility in a stratified random sample of 600 papers published from 2009 to 2018 in 62 journals spanning the social and behavioural sciences finds higher reproducibility among more recent papers and papers from journals that require data sharing.

An improved strategy for siting food and energy production is needed to avoid further habitat loss. This paper presents a multi-sector framework that can empower land use planners to find synergies across conservation and development sectors.

Benoit et al. present nanoMDBG, a scalable metagenome assembler for the latest ONT long reads, developed by adding error correction to metaMDBG. They demonstrate superior performance to the state-of-the-art and equivalent results to PacBio HiFi reads.

Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

Across 17 forest plots (2.7 million trees, 5,400 species), competition dominated overall, but facilitation was relatively stronger near the equator and declined towards higher latitudes, partly linked to temperature, legumes, mycorrhizal associations and canopy nursing effect.

Cells use fluid flow to deliver proteins to their leading edge. An actin barrier creates a compartment where contraction drives flow, steering proteins toward growing regions. This mechanism coordinates protein distribution with cell shape changes.

Identification of genetic variants associated with the efficacy and side effects of GLP1 medications could underpin development of precision medicine approaches in the treatment of obesity.

Stronger climate policy delivery in China can partly offset weak mitigation elsewhere in the medium term, but achieving Paris goals ultimately requires sustained global action. China’s policy delivery uncertainty alone could shift cumulative emissions by ~500 GtCO₂ by 2100 (~0.17 °C warming).

Aging is companied by a progressive decline of physiological functions. Here, the authors report that dihydromyricetin, a plant derived dietary supplement, generates senotherapeutic effects and shows great promise to ameliorate age-related conditions via pharmaceutical intervention.

Natural Killer cells are key mediators of anti-tumour immunosurveillance and anti-viral immunity. Here, the authors map regulatory genetic variation in primary Natural Killer cells, providing new insights into their role in human health and disease.

Molybdenum oxydichloride enables the exploration of long-range anisotropic plasmonic transport in the visible and near-infrared spectral ranges. Here, by using time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy, authors experimentally observe long-range anisotropic plasmon polaritons and their dynamics on a two-dimensional flake of this hyperbolic material

Engineering motif-specific 'hot spots' into an antibody scaffold yields antibodies with high affinity to targets containing phosphoserine, phosphothreonine or phosphotyrosine.

BUSGen is a foundation generative model designed for analysing breast ultrasound images that supports diverse tasks and improves breast cancer screening, diagnosis and prognosis.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of three large ornate natural bacterial RNA molecules reveal their quaternary structures and intra- and intermolecular interactions that stabilize them.