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RNase MRP is an essential ribonucleoprotein complex in eukaryotes. Here, authors describe how RNase MRP structurally and functionally diverged from RNase P, through specific RNA-protein adaptations, to evolve a novel ssRNA processing activity in eukaryotes.

This randomized open-label trial shows that hemoadsorption combined with hemodialysis reduces all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular events in patients with end-stage kidney disease compared to hemodialysis (mainly low-flux hemodialysis plus intermittent hemodiafiltration) alone.

Superionic conductors are typically engineered from static crystal structures. Here, authors present how flexible polyanion rotations induce dynamic disorder in lithium sublattice, enabling liquid-like ion diffusion and enhanced ionic conductivity.

A hallmark of the interaction between flat band and dispersive band states in quantum materials is the flat band resonance. Here, the authors report the observation of a flat band resonance in the kagome bilayer material CsCr₆Sb₆ originating from the doublet kagome bands of the bilayer unit.

Zhang et al. show that the activation of RIPK1 is suppressed by acetylhypusination in a spermidine-dependent manner. Disruption of this axis contributes to RIPK1-mediated vascular pathology to promote insulin resistance and diabetic kidney pathology.

The authors reveal intrinsic long-range-order noncollinear electric dipole order in the van der Waals crystal WO₂Br₂, enabling pressure-driven 90° polarization rotation via multiple transition pathways and distinctive ultrafast phonon dynamics.

Plasmons in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) benefit from high quality factors but the modulation of their dispersion relation remains challenging. Here the authors report the observation of hybrid plasmon-phonon polaritons in CNT arrays coupled with 2D hexagonal boron nitride, showing frequency-dependent topological transitions and whispering-gallery modes.

Current thermal wax refining methods are energy intensive. Here, the authors report a photothermal process using a nanoscale zero-valent iron catalyst and sunlight to refine low-grade waxes into high-grade waxes with narrow distributions.

Here the authors show that microtubules guide the spatial distribution of cellulose synthase complexes in cotton fibers and produce a gradient of cellulose microfibrils that creates patterned cell wall mechanics that support tip-biased elongation.

The α-C–C cleavage of ketones provides a versatile route for C–C bond formation but remains challenging, particularly for selective cross-coupling between distinct ketones. Here the authors report a nickel- and photocatalysis-enabled deacylative coupling via bimolecular homolytic substitution to forge diverse C(sp³)–C(sp³) bonds.

cf-EpiTracing enables automated profiling of histone modifications in cell-free DNA from human plasma, allowing identification of the cells of origin and disease diagnosis.

Zinc isotopes in basalts along a 1,100-km transect of the Gakkel Ridge record widespread mantle recycling of surface carbonates via ancient oceanic subduction, explaining the unusually carbon-rich nature of the Arctic asthenosphere.

Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are essential to generate effective anti-tumor immune responses; however, they are often dysfunctional within the tumor microenvironment. Here the authors report that the impaired function of cDCs in late-stage tumors is associated with a reduction of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), suggesting strategies to augment PPP as a therapeutic option to increase cDC-mediated anti-tumor response.

Tight regulation of thymic T cell development is critical for immune homeostasis and leukemia prevention. Here, the authors identify USP10 as a MYC-induced deubiquitinase stabilizing SOX4 in early T cell development and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia progression, while USP10 inhibition delays leukemogenesis in mice.

Both endogenous and exogenous signaling pathways are involved in the maintenance of self-renewal and pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Here, the authors uncover that endogenous VEGF signaling safeguards pluripotency and prevents extra-embryonic differentiation in primed hESCs via activation of transcription factor NANOG and suppression of BMP signaling activity.

Studying RNA in cellular condensates requires precise tools. Here, the authors developed an orthogonal RNA aptamer system for simultaneous RNA visualization and targeted degradation, revealing new roles for specific RNAs in stress granule and NP body dynamics.

Lithium-metal batteries promise high energy but dendrites limit life. Here, authors introduce a 90 wt.% lithium multicomponent solid solution alloy negative electrode that drives lithium into the bulk, enabling 3100 mAh g − 1 capacity and a 385 Wh kg−1 pouch cell that retains 82% capacity after 600 cycles.

Androgen activity in the male embryonic hindbrain prolongs hindbrain differentiation in male individuals and drives sex differences in the incidence and prognosis of posterior fossa type A (PFA) ependymoma, an aggressive childhood brain tumour.

The immune mechanism of radioresistance in cancer patients remains to be explored. The authors here show that CXCL13 is upregulated in tumor regions upon radiation, which recruits immune suppressive CXCR5⁺ monocytes. Blocking CXCR5/CXCL13 interactions facilitate tumor control following radiation.

Protein complexes are the machinery of life, yet mapping their structures across different species is challenging. This study presents an atlas of 1.1million cross-kingdom structures, revealing 181,671 high-confidence complexes that uncover new higher-order structures and evolutionary links.

The template-free synthesis of colloidal assemblies with molecule-like architectures from colloidal quantum dots holds promise for optical applications but remains challenging. Here we report a one-pot synthesis of geometries resembling sp-, sp²-, and sp³-hybridized orbitals.

The core downstream mediator of the Norrin/β-catenin pathway remain elusive, hindering the treatment of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Here, the authors show that KIF11 acts as a key effector of this axis by preventing phosphorylation-driven PRDX1 phase separation and subsequent ferroptosis.

Sodium-ion batteries require electrolytes that withstand high voltages and low temperatures for commercial use. Here, authors design a non-flammable sulfonamide solvent with a melting point as low as −86 °C, enabling stable, conductive interphases on both electrodes. This electrolyte allows 1-Ah pouch cells to retain capacity at −60 °C/−70 °C and achieve long cycling stability (up to 81.6% after 1000 cycles at 4.2 V).

Activating endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation holds great therapeutic promise for cardiac repair. Here, the authors find that RBM22 overcomes the epigenetic obstacles of cardiomyocyte proliferation by recruiting SMARCA4 to promote chromatin accessibility at cell cycle gene promoters, establishing it as a potential therapeutic target for cardiac regeneration.

Aging is companied by a progressive decline of physiological functions. Here, the authors report that dihydromyricetin, a plant derived dietary supplement, generates senotherapeutic effects and shows great promise to ameliorate age-related conditions via pharmaceutical intervention.

The ophthalmic video foundation model learns the spatiotemporal motion features of ophthalmic procedures, improving surgical performance in cataract surgeries on wet-lab porcine eyes in real time.

Blue light promotes DNA repair in plants via cryptochrome signalling. Here the authors report that this occurs via suppression of COP1 mediated degradation of the repair factor ADA2b and propose that together photoreceptors and COP1 balance genome stability with growth under fluctuating light.

Influenza viruses adapt to their hosts through diverse mechanisms. Here, authors report that a single mutation in nonstructural protein 1 of influenza B virus enhances innate immune evasion and provides adaptation to its host.

Methanotrophic growth on methane and N₂-derived ammonia is inhibited by a toxic intermediate, hydroxylamine, generated via ammonia oxidation. Here the authors ameliorate this toxicity through genetically engineering M. sanxanigenens and feed the biomass to mice to reduce colitis symptoms.

Niche, also known as cesarean scar defect, is a long-term complication of cesarean sections (CS). Here the authors use single-cell RNA sequencing of niche, adjacent myometrium and well-healed cesarean scar tissue controls together with in vitro and vivo models to identify the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)–low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) axis as a regulator of CS niche healing.

Standard of care CD19-targeting CAR-T therapy for Relapsed-Refractory Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (r/r DLBCL) faces frequent resistance often driven by regulatory T cell (Treg) activation. This study identifies Timosaponin AIII (TAIII) as A2AR inhibitor for enhanced CAR-T activity while depleting CAR-Treg formation.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune condition and treatment options have limited efficacy. Here, by analysis clinical samples and employing preclinical models, the authors show that cGAMP levels are elevated in the plasma of patients with SLE and that loss of cGAS ameliorates symptoms in an imiquimod-induced lupus model. Importantly, they identify prasugel as a cGAS inhibitor with promising therapeutic potential.

Converting light alkanes into useful olefins is hard because strong bonds and heat drive overoxidation. This study uses a copper-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst to steer bond breaking, yielding ethylene and hydrogen.

Digital medicine needs intuitive readouts to translate multidimensional biomarkers into reliable cancer tests. Here, authors present EnCODE, an enzyme-driven colorimetric platform that encodes multi-miRNA profiles into decodable colours, detecting pancreatic cancer with 90% accuracy in 163 patient samples.

Formate dehydrogenases (FDH) offer a route for carbon fixation but are limited by interfacial-intramolecular electron transfer (IIET) and oxygen sensitivity. Here the authors mine an FDH from S. oneidensis MR-1 featuring oxygen compatibility and direct-electron-transfer electrocatalytic performances.

Converting metal nanoparticles into single-atom catalysts remains a challenge. This light-driven method uses chlorine radicals to disperse noble metals at room temperature, dramatically boosting the activity of industrial catalysts.

Slow ion transport limits Li-ion battery performance under fast charging and low temperature. This work establishes an electrolyte design framework based on intermolecular interactions and molecule volume to reshape Li+ solvation structure, enabling Li-ion battery to operate stably at −50 °C and 6 C

Here, the authors design a self-optimizing experimental system for the automatic discovery of lightweight and high‑strength plate‑lattice metamaterials, integrating a robotic platform with a machine learning framework.

In this study, the authors show that chandelier cells in the medial prefrontal cortex integrate circuit inputs, encode stimulus salience across sensory modalities, and thus influence associative learning in male mice.

Pangenome analyses of 28 representative Gossypium hirsutum accessions, including a telomere-to-telomere genome for NDM13, and transcriptomic profiling across 15 tissues highlight structural variations associated with breeding traits.

DeepRare—a multi-agent system for rare disease differential diagnosis decision support powered by large language models, integrating specialized tools and up-to-date knowledge sources—has the potential to reduce healthcare disparities in rare disease diagnosis.

Complex-frequency excitation enables non-Hermitian control on light-matter interactions, without relying on materials gain or loss. Here, authors introduce virtual gain into a whispering-gallery-mode optical microcavity to achieve three amplification regimes, mimicking the dynamics of a laser.

Magnesium–sulfur batteries promise high energy density but face slow kinetics. Here, authors tailor electrolyte solvation to weaken magnesium-polysulfide binding, enabling improved cycling both coin and pouch cells.

The mid-infrared (MIR) range of the electromagnetic spectrum can be indirectly accessed by frequency upconversion. Here, authors propose a phase-matching-free scheme for broadband and efficient upconversion, covering wavelengths from MIR to ultraviolet with high-order harmonics generated from a NbOI₂ crystal. MIR imaging is demonstrated with a standard silicon camera.

In vivo base editing of a causative mutation that leads to the neurodevelopmental disorder Snijders Blok–Campeau syndrome restores protein dosage and ameliorates molecular and behavioural deficits in a humanized mouse model of the condition.

A soft three-dimensional core–shell cable can form reliable free-standing interconnects between soft, rigid and hybrid electronic components, and can be stretched by up to around 800%.

Deep brain stimulation is effective but invasive. Here, the authors develop an injectable conductive hydrogel that forms in situ and enables wireless neuromodulation under volume conduction via capacitive coupling, showing therapeutic potential in a Parkinson’s disease rat model

This work effectively addresses the long-standing challenge of competitive kinetics in heterogeneous Fenton-like systems through the synergistic interaction between nitrogen vacancies (Nv) and Fe sites on carbon nitride.

Rice indica varieties have higher nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) than that of japonica varieties. Here, the authors show that natural variation of OsWRKY23 and its interaction with DULL NITROGEN RESPONSE1 (DNR1)-mediated auxin accumulation play a role in NUE divergence between the two rice subspecies.

Wang, Guo, Zhang and colleagues obtain four cryo-electron microscopy snapshots that show how IscB is kept off by two RNA lids, with a car-pedal-like guide shift activating cleavage after ~11-nt pairing. They also engineer hinge regions that boost flexibility and improve genome editing in cells.