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In superconducting circuits, the nonlinearity of Josephson junctions mediates photon interactions, but they are typically dominated by two-photon processes. Here the authors observe multi-photon interactions in a superconducting circuit with Cooper-pair pairing, revealing a new regime of microwave quantum optics.

M. Valentini et al. study superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) where the weak link of the Josephson junctions is a germanium 2D hole gas. They report signatures of the tunneling of pairs of Cooper pairs. For a particular microwave drive power, they observe a 100% efficient superconducting diode effect.

Controllable detection of singlet and triplet Cooper pair splitting via crossed Andreev reflection is demonstrated in spin-polarized quantum dots on a superconducting nanowire platform with strong spin–orbit coupling.

Disorder leads to localization of electrons at low temperatures, changing metals to insulators. In a superconductor the electrons are paired up, and scanning tunnelling microscopy shows that the pairs localize together rather than breaking up and forming localized single electrons in the insulating state.

Quantum phase transitions are most commonly found to occur at zero temperature. Cuevaset al.present numerical evidence confirming that a quantum phase transition can also occur at finite temperature, provided strong disorder is present.

Electronic devices operating at the nanoscale can exhibit unique electrical and thermal phenomena that can affect overall performance and so it is necessary to understand and control these types of fluctuations. Here, the authors theoretically and experimentally investigate quantum phase slips which can proliferate at low-temperatures in miniaturised superconducting devices and determine how this impacts on the resultant transport properties.

Designing reliable and energy efficient neuromorphic computing systems for spatiotemporal coding remains a challenge. Here, the authors demonstrate a type of spike-rate-dependent plasticity based on a triplet learning scheme in a WO_3−x-based second-order memristor network for spatiotemporal patterns.

One of the most counterintuitive fundamental properties of quantum mechanics is non-locality, which manifests itself as correlations between spatially separated parts of a quantum system. Although experimental tests of non-locality (Bell inequalities) have been successfully conducted with pairwise entangled photons, similar demonstrations using electrons have so far not been possible. The realization of a Y-shaped tunable Cooper pair splitter, to split entangled electrons on demand, brings this one step closer.

Johnson et al. link ARIA, a complication of anti-amyloid therapy, to clonal expansion of cytotoxic CD8 + T cells with glycolytic reprogramming and vascular trafficking potential, with implications for biomarker development and risk mitigation.

Floquet engineering is often limited by weak light–matter coupling and heating. Now it is shown that exciton-driven fields in monolayer semiconductors produce stronger, longer-lived Floquet effects and reveal hybridization linked to excitonic phases.

The realization of cold and dense electron–hole systems by optical excitation is hindered by the heating caused by particle recombination. Now, cold and dense electron–hole systems have been observed in heterostructures with separated electron and hole layers.

A hidden quality-control system to filter out defective sperm during development is exploited by selfish genes to eliminate competing chromosomes.

Quarks in the interior of hadrons make up most of ordinary matter, yet their observation is not possible, and their properties can only be probed indirectly. Adopting an analogy between physics of superinsulators and high energy physics, the authors present direct observations of the interior of electric mesons made of Cooper pairs by standard transport measurements.

Magnetic molecules deposited on a metallic substrate constitute a method to engineer the spin properties of the molecule and has potential application in low-power information storage devices. Here, the authors investigate a superconductor/molecule/normal metal heterostructure and demonstrate spin-ordering and proximity induced superconducting properties at the metallo-molecular interface.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

The ALICE Collaboration provides details on the microscopic mechanism that ends up creating antideuteron in high-energy proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

The physics of confinement manifested in quantum spin chain models has been recently studied in quantum simulators. Here the authors report a numerical study of confinement of soliton excitations in a nonintegrable bosonic quantum field theory realized with a superconducting quantum electronic circuit.

Examples of materials with non-trivial band topology in the presence of strong electron correlations are rare. Now it is shown that quantum fluctuations near a quantum phase transition can promote topological phases in a heavy-fermion compound.

Using torque magnetometry, the thermodynamic signatures of bosonic Landau level transitions are observed in a layered superconductor, owing to the formation of Cooper pairs with finite momentum.

The dynamical phases of out-of-equilibrium Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer superconductors have been simulated using cold atoms levitated inside an optical cavity.

NbN/AlN/NbN qubits prepared by atomic layer deposition allow for precise control of the tunnelling barrier and stable operation beyond the temperature limit of aluminium-based devices.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

Exploring the photoionization process leads to better understanding of the fundamental interactions between light and matter. Here the authors show the non-dipole contribution in the form of asymmetric photoelectron angular distribution from the ionization of argon atoms and ions.

Vertebra lengths differ from the neck to the tail tip and differ between species, evidenced by extreme differences in mouse and jerboa tails. Here, Weber and colleagues identify cellular mechanisms and candidate genes that shape vertebral proportion.

Superconducting circuits are promising for quantum computing, but quasiparticle tunnelling across Josephson junctions introduces qubit decoherence. Ristè et al. convert a transmon qubit into its own real-time quasiparticle tunnelling detector and accurately measure induced decoherence in the millisecond range.

Background radiation has been identified as a key factor limiting the coherence times of superconducting circuits. Here, the authors measure the impact of environmental and cosmic radiation on a superconducting resonator with varying degrees of shielding, including an underground facility.

Radical chain initiation strategies are fundamental to the synthesis of small molecule drugs and macromolecular materials. Here a general, thermally driven and scalable method for reductive initiation is reported, in which inexpensive azo initiators are reacted with formate salts to form a carbon dioxide radical anion.

Conventional superconductors were thought to be spin inert, but long-lived, spin-polarized excitations, or quasiparticles, have recently been observed. Here, the authors demonstrate quasiparticle spin resonance in the mesoscopic superconductor aluminium and estimate the spin coherence time.

Van der Waals structures provide a new platform to explore novel physics of superconductor/ferromagnet interfaces. Here, NbSe₂ Josephson junction with Cr₂Ge₂Te₆ enables non-trivial Josephson phase by spin-dependent interaction, boosting the study of superconducting states with spin-orbit coupling and phase-controlled quantum electronic device.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

The authors demonstrate a zero-field supercurrent diode effect in NbSe₂/NiI₂/NbSe₂ vertical Josephson junctions, where NiI₂ is a two-dimensional multiferroic material. The diode efficiency is even as a function of field, making the device “resilient" to stray fields from nearby circuit components.

The performance of superconducting devices can be degraded by quasiparticle generation mechanisms that are difficult to identify and eliminate. Now, a small superconducting island can be kept quasiparticle free for seconds at a time.

Chiral superconducting states are expected to support a variety of exotic and potentially useful phenomena. Theoretical analysis suggests that just such a state could emerge in a doped graphene monolayer.

Understanding the ground state (GS) phase transitions in the quantum tunneling regime of a superconducting system is important for future qubit devices. Here, Shen, Heedt and Borsoi et al. report distinct types of fermion parity GS transitions as a function of magnetic field and gate voltages in a Coulomb-blockaded InSb–Al island.

This paper reports a study of supercurrents through a quantum dot created in a semiconductor nanowire by local electrostatic gating. Owing to strong Coulomb interaction, electrons only tunnel one-by-one through the discrete energy levels of the quantum dot. This, nevertheless, can yield a supercurrent when subsequent tunnel events are coherent.