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Characterisation of the human antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 can help the design of serological tests and vaccines. Here, the authors identify two linear epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein that elicit neutralising antibodies in several patients and could thus be useful for serology and vaccine development.

It is desirable yet challenging to develop sustainable structural materials to replace petroleum-based plastics. Here, the authors report a facile assembly method for manufacturing high-performance structural materials with a unique combination of high strength, toughness and stiffness.

Low-loss superconducting aluminium cables and on-chip impedance transformers can be used to link qubit modules and create superconducting quantum computing networks with high-fidelity intermodule state transfer.

Trained and validated on multimodal data from 14.5 million images from multicountry datasets, a foundation model is shown to increase diagnostic and referral accuracy of clinicians when used as an assistant in a trial involving 16 ophthalmologists and 668 patients.

Optoretinography-based detection of phototransduction and cell deformations in the retina has been mostly centered on photoreceptors. Here, the authors use prolonged and multilayered optoretinography to study light-evoked deformations in rod photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and subretinal space.

Using whole-exome sequencing followed by in vitro enzymatic assays, Chew, Liu, Li, Chung et al. identified rare protein-coding variants in GBA1 and SMPD1 that significantly associate with risk of Parkinson’s disease across cohorts of Asian descent.

Oesophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a leading cause of cancer death, and half of ESCC cases occur in China. Here, the authors provide an in depth genomic landscape for this disease and identify specific mutation signatures—one of which is linked to alcohol intake.

Extending the interval between doses of mRNA Covid-19 vaccines has been linked with a reduced risk of myocarditis in children and adolescents, but impacts on vaccine effectiveness are not known. Here, the authors perform a nested case-control study using data from Hong Kong and find evidence of reduced risk of infection following a longer dosing interval.

An ex vivo model and pre-clinical study in a brain-dead recipient provide enzyme-converted O organs to avoid hyperacute rejection in ABO-incompatible kidney transplant patients.

Cell type labelling in single-cell datasets remains a major bottleneck. Here, the authors present AnnDictionary, an open-source toolkit that enables atlas-scale analysis and provides the first benchmark of LLMs for de novo cell type annotation from marker genes, showing high accuracy at low cost.

SERS nanosensors use tailored molecular receptors for precise detection. Here, authors develop a data-driven recommender system that selects optimal multireceptors a priori, enabling classification of structural analogs with >95% accuracy

Stable and robust topological edge modes are observed at finite temperatures in an array of 100 programmable superconducting qubits because of emergent symmetries present in the prethermal regime of this system.

Ho et al. investigate the impact of choice of sequencing platform on identification of specific variants for breast cancer risk stratification. Platform-specific variability is found to influence PRS313 estimates, potentially reclassifying individuals around clinically relevant thresholds.

This paper proposes a dual-pinning mechanism induced by a magneto-electric bias interface and uses it to designs a double-layer core-shell structure, demonstrating that the mechanism improves electromagnetic wave absorption in the low-frequency bands.

Li and colleagues report that a septo-enteric polysynaptic circuit that is activated by chronic stress links the brain to the tumor microenvironment to promote colorectal cancer growth.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

Sim, Tham et al. explore the combined predictive ability of clinical, retinal, and blood biomarkers for the prediction of cognitive decline in Southeast Asian memory clinic participants. Authors find that combining blood tests, eye markers, and clinical data may be a potential noninvasive tool for early risk detection for cognitive decline.

The CD47/SIRPα axis is well known to mediate immune escape by promoting cancer resistance to phagocytosis. Here the authors show that low CD47-expressing prostate cancer cells still allow phagocytosis but the process is incomplete leading to the formation of macrophage:tumor hybrid cells with immune evasive and pro-metastatic properties.

Dual PD-1 and CTLA-4 checkpoint blockade has proven effective in several cancer types. Here the authors report the results of a clinical trial of anti-PD1 (nivolumab) and anti-CTLA4 (ipilimumab) in patients with recurrent/metastatic EBV-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Authors bond two layers of LiNbO₃ as an acoustic resonator. With interlayer coupling of fields and modulation by twisted angle, a magic-angle effect is reported, as one mode exhibits huge electromechanical coupling while its twin-mode disappears.

DeepRETStroke is a deep learning system using retinal photographs to detect silent brain infarction and predict future stroke events.

Neovascular eye diseases cause blindness, but underlying drivers are unclear. Here, the authors show that PRL3 promotes pathological angiogenesis, and that targeting PRL3 with an antibody therapy could offer a new treatment for ocular neovascularization.

The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.

Using spin-entangled baryon–antibaryon pairs, the BESIII Collaboration reports on high-precision measurements of potential charge conjugation and parity (CP)-symmetry-violating effects in hadrons.

A pyramidal cell type and the 5-HT_2A receptor in the medial frontal cortex have essential roles in psilocybin’s long-term drug action.

Electrochemical CO2 conversion to methane offers a promising solution for the large-scale storage of renewable electricity, yet the catalytic selectivity at high current density still needs to be refined. Here the authors report to use both dissolved CO2 and in-situ generated CO2 from bicarbonate to sustain high local CO2 concentration around Cu electrode and thus achieve selective CO2 conversion to methane.

Systems for automatic detection of a single disease may miss other important conditions. Here, the authors show a deep learning platform can detect 39 common retinal diseases and conditions.

Hepatitis B infection is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, the authors characterise viral infection in a cohort of hepatocellular carcinoma patients and find viral integration is more frequent in males than females.

A deep learning algorithm shows promising performance in predicting progression to diabetic retinopathy in patients, up to 5 years in advance, potentially providing support for medical treatment decisions and indications for personalized screening frequency in a real-world cohort.

The efficiency of nonlinear optical processes in 2D materials is often reduced by weak light-matter interactions and crystal symmetry constraints. Here, the authors report the enhancement of classical second-harmonic generation in hexagonal boron nitride and quantum spontaneous parametric down-conversion in NbOCl₂ flakes by combining them with Au or SiO₂/Au substrates.

A multi-observational study including laboratory analysis of the Chang’e-5 mission samples, in situ measurements and orbital datasets determined the high level of maturity and iron content of the Chang’e-5 landing site regolith. Heavily processed by space weathering, it mostly comes from the nearby Xu Guangqi crater, formed 240–300 Myr ago.

A relative potency-adjusted inventory of fine-particulate matter (PM_2.5) established in China reveals sectoral and regional disparities in PM_2.5 emissions, exposures and associated toxic potencies.