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This study demonstrates that the reduced serum serine in patients with chemotherapy or women with poor sleep, is linked to the decline of ovarian function. Serine supplementation prevented ovarian damage in mice by inhibiting ferroptosis in ovarian granulosa cells, without affecting chemotherapy efficacy.

NIID is a neurodegenerative disease caused by GGC repeat expansions within NOTCH2NLC gene. Here, authors develop a precise gene-editing therapy that effectively treats the disease in multiple models.

How the vascular endothelial cells support the functional adaptation of pancreatic islets under obesity-associated metabolic stress is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that the ER stress sensor IRE1α employs its RNase activity to play an important regulatory role in this process.

The authors study the pressure evolution of the density waves and their interplay with superconductivity in La₄Ni₃O₁₀ using ultrafast optical pump-probe spectroscopy. At low pressure, they quantify the density-wave gap. After the density wave collapses above 17 GPa, they find a small gap, likely due to the superconductivity.

The Macaque Biobank initiated by Zhang et al. provides a comprehensive genetic and phenotypic characterization of Chinese rhesus macaques (CRMs). This resource enhances our understanding of the genetic diversity of CRMs and holds potential for biomedical research.

Tetrahydropyridines are vital scaffolds, yet regio- and site-selective assembly is hard. This work delivers a mild CoH-mediated reductive hydroarylation of pyridinium salts, enabling site-divergent arylation to access diverse tetrahydropyridines.

Fungal diseases threaten crops worldwide. By resolving the cryo-EM structure of fungal succinate dehydrogenase, researchers designed an inhibitor with broad antifungal activity, strong field performance, and reduced environmental toxicity.

Electrocatalytic co-reduction of CO₂ and nitrate to synthesize urea is a sustainable and promising option to the alternative conventional Bosch-Meiser. Here, the authors report a CeO_x-integrated diatomic electrocatalyst overcomes the traditional trade-off between urea yield and Faradaic efficiency.

Ammonia represents a promising fuel resource, but its efficient conversion to dinitrogen faces high energy barriers. Now magnetic domain structures of Co/Pt thin films have been engineered to facilitate N–NH dimerization by cooperative spin alignment, revealing a spin-regulated pathway to enhance activity in catalytic nitrogen chemistry.

The evolutionary mechanisms leading to symbiont replacement in insects are not well understood. Zhou et al. show that genome degradation results in nested symbiosis and endosymbiont replacement in cicadas, offering insight into the endosymbiotic origins of cellular organelles.

Molecular glue degraders (MGD) offer a way to target undruggable proteins, but their discovery is challenging. Here, the authors develop a high-throughput proteomics platform for MGD drug discovery, revealing a much larger cereblon neosubstrate space than initially thought.

An increase in the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide and warmer temperatures can alter plant growth and development. Here the authors show that these conditions can also elicit significant changes in microRNAs expression, including some which might induce early flowering in Arabidopsis.

Epstein-Barr virus is associated with increased cancer risk. Here, the authors analysed two population-based prospective cohorts in Southern China to examine the association between increased seropositivity and the risk of multiple cancer types.

In the IMpower151 trial, the drug combination previously shown to be effective in the IMpower150 trial was not significantly effective in a Chinese population.

This study implicates GSL5 inactivation in high, broad-spectrum resistance to the clubroot pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae in Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica napus, Brassica oleracea and Brassica rapa.

Cell state plasticity of neuroblastoma cells is linked to therapy resistance. Here, the authors develop a transcriptomic and epigenetic map of indisulam (RBM39 degrader) resistant neuroblastoma, demonstrating bidirectional cell state switching accompanied by increased NK cell activity, which they therapeutically enhance by the addition of an anti-GD2 antibody.

Oxidative stress contributes significantly to postmenopausal osteoporosis by impairing osteoblast function, but its precise mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the authors show that estrogen deficiency reduces GPX4 expression, leading to phospholipid peroxidation that impairs osteoblastogenesis, while GPX4 activators including 6- and 8-Gingerols can mitigate these effects.

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) are approved to treat iron deficiency and have been reported to reduce leukaemia in preclinical models. Here, the authors show that carboxymethyl dextran-coated IONP, but not other types of surface coating, activate the complement alternative pathway, enhancing macrophage phagocytosis and adaptive immunity to reduce leukaemia burden in mouse models.

The enzyme involved in RNA primer removal during ptDNA replication has long remained mysterious. Researchers have now found that PEN1 is responsible for this process, thereby filling a critical gap in our understanding of ptDNA replication.

Many thrombolytic agents depend on plasminogen, leading to D-dimer accumulation. Here, Tang et al. report a plasminogen-independent thrombolytic enzyme that degrades blood clots and D-dimer without plasminogen.

Artificial intelligence-based studies for breast cancer magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predominantly rely on single sequences and have limited validation. Here, the authors develop a mixture-of-modality-experts model (MOME) that integrates multiparametric breast cancer MRI information within a unified structure, which shows reliable performance in a large cohort.

Integrative epigenomic profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma reveals dual regulation of the immunotherapeutic target GPC3 and identifies retrotransposons as potential biomarkers for prognosis and immunotherapy response prediction.

While Pd₂L₄-type coordination cages tend to form interlocked dimers, isolation and characterization of both the cage and its interlocked dimer is very challenging. Herein, the authors report the synthesis and solvent-mediated interconversion of highly soluble phenoxazine-based monomeric cage and corresponding interlocked dimer.

In a large prospective cohort of 1,090 pregnant women with a high risk of fetal genetic diseases, a cell-free DNA screening identified cases of aneuploidies, microdeletions and monogenic variants with high accuracy in concordance to standard diagnostic tests

Histamine receptor H₁R has been extensively targeted in the development of antihistamines. Here, Wang et al. determine structures of H₁R alone and bound to different antihistamines, providing insights into the structure-based design of next-generation drugs.

Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection affecting the cardiovascular system have been reported, but evidence in young people is limited. Here, the authors quantify the incidence of a range of outcomes in children and adolescents using electronic health records from the United States.

An 8-year field experiment explores optimal biochar application strategies for reducing carbon dioxide emissions and boosting economic gains from rice production.

Microbes drive the Earth’s biogeochemical cycles. Here, Li et al. present a framework for integrating genome-inferred microbial kinetic traits into ecosystem mechanistic models, and use it to benchmark predictions against observed greenhouse gas emissions at an Arctic wetland.

Single-cell proteomics is of fundamental importance to capture biological heterogeneity, while limited in proteome depth. Here, the authors develop a pick-up single-cell proteomic analysis (PiSPA) workflow to achieve a deep coverage of quantifying up to 3000 protein groups in a mammalian cell.

Intrinsic active sites of single-atom catalysts are often obscured in ensemble-averaged measurements. Here, the authors successfully quantified Fe-N active sites by employing single-molecule fluorescence microscopy combined with the atomic structure-dependent oxidase-like catalysis model.

Multiple pathogenic viruses are identified in a large set of pangolins, which shows that trading pangolins for scales or flesh may increase the risk of emergence of viral infections.

Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) have been shown to vary by race/ethnicity, but evidence is limited for children and adolescents. Here, the authors investigate variations in PASC by race/ethnicity in those aged under 21 years using electronic health record data from the United States.

Dearomative hydroboration of predominantly existing indole derivatives provides a straightforward strategy to synthesize boryl indolines, but developing eco-friendly methods for remains challenging. Here, the authors develop a method for heterogeneous photocatalytic trans-hydroboration of indole derivatives with NHC-borane.