Search

The pathological mechanisms underlying multiple system atrophy (MSA) remain unclear. Here, the authors show in mouse and human MSA models that α-synuclein spreads from neurons to oligodendrocytes via TLR2 leading to myelination defects, and that blocking TLR2 prevents glial cytoplasmic inclusions and myelin damage.

Solid-state batteries promise high energy and safety but face challenges in ion transport and scalability. Here, authors develop entropy-driven zwitterionic dry polymer electrolytes enabling scalable, high-energy all-solid-state batteries operating efficiently under practical conditions.

A dual-gate structure in bilayer MoS₂ FETs is reported, allowing a high carrier density by compensating for the fringing field, which holds promise for 2D semiconductor logic applications.

Leaf and vein development must be precisely coordinated, yet the molecular signals linking these processes have remained unclear. This study identifies JUL1 as a non–cell-autonomous regulator that connects vascular development with the refinement of leaf polarity.

The prognosis and treatment of gastric cancer is complicated by heterogeneity. Here, the authors reveal two molecular subtypes, the mesenchymal subtype associated with poor survival and chemoresistance, and the epithelial phenotype associated with better survival and sensitivity to chemotherapy.

HMGCR is upregulated by E2F1, driving ferroptosis resistance by reducing oxidative damage triggered by T cell-based therapy. Notably, targeting HMGCR restores ferroptosis sensitivity in immune-refractory tumors, enhancing response to PD-1 blockade as well as adoptive T cell transfer therapy.

Active control of light in optical fibres is of great interest, to this end, electric control of all-fibre graphene devices is desirable but highly challenging. Here, Lee et al. demonstrate electric control of the optical properties of a graphene sheet deposited on a side-polished fibre mediated by an ion liquid.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has abundant mitochondria with the unique capability of generating heat via uncoupled respiration. Here, Park et al. identify LETMD1 as a mitochondrial matrix protein enriched in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and reveal a crucial role for it in maintaining brown adipocyte mitochondrial OXPHOS and thermogenesis upon cold stimulus.

Here, the authors reveal the role of ATG7 in innate immune cells in defending against nontuberculous mycobacterial lung infections by controlling excessive neutrophil-driven inflammation and cell death, which would otherwise promote bacterial overgrowth.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Cut-seq1, Cut-seq2, DeepCut and CLOVE-seq methods find optimized single-guide RNAs to detect a large number of rare variants in cells.

Bright, efficient and low-drive-voltage colloidal quantum-dot LEDs that have a crosslinked-polymer quantum-dot layer, and use a sol–gel titanium oxide layer for electron transport, are reported. Integrating the QD-LEDs with a silicon thin-film transistor backplane results in a QD-LED display.

Therapies and vaccines for COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 viral pandemic, are urgently needed. Here the authors establish and screen an antibody library from a convalescent COVID-19 patient to isolate a neutralizing antibody with the ability to reduce viral titer and alleviate symptoms in ferret, hamster, and rhesus monkey infection models.

The therapeutic success of CAR-T cells depends on the availability of selective and high-density targets, which limits their applicability due to on-target off-tumor toxicity. Here authors overcome this limitation in a mouse model of immune therapy in which an adaptor is an epitope-tagged single chain variable fragment targeting the tumour antigen, and the CAR-T cells are targeting the epitope, thus enabling a precise dose-switch.

Here the authors reveal via whole genome sequencing of an East Asian AD cohort a common variant locus (APCDD1), rare noncoding variants in excitatory neurons, and short tandem repeat expansions, suggesting a cumulative effects model for Alzheimer’s risk.

Antiferromagnetic materials allow deterministic spin–orbit torque switching of perpendicular magnetization in ferromagnetic layers without external magnetic fields.

A cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis of β-amyloid deposition in East Asian and European populations identifies a novel SORL1 locus and highlights its differential expression in microglia associated with β-amyloid positivity.

Heavily doping silicon with phosphorus produces a dense population of metallic conduction electrons and localized magnetic moments. Low-temperature measurements show evidence of strongly correlated state.

Different types of metabolic rewiring are reported to drive cancer development and as a potential therapeutic target. Here, the authors perform multi-omics analyses in a cohort of human normal and malignant thyroid samples and show association of mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism with undifferentiated thyroid cancer.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

A study reports a colossal angular magnetoresistance in the topological magnet Mn₃Si₂Te₆, resulting from a metal-to-insulator transition caused by controlled lifting of a topological band degeneracy, and discusses the key parameters involved.

Vaccination is often inferior to nature infection for the induction of lasting immunity. Here the authors combine masked TLR7/8 agonist with controlled release of antigens in a kinetically engineered vaccine (KE-VAC) to mimic immune responses during natural infection, and find KE-VAC inducing protective immunity for influenza, SARS-CoV-2 and SFTSV.

Understanding how the immune system’s functionality declines with age is crucial for addressing aging-related health issues. Here, the authors demonstrate that activating TLR5 in the mucosal layer can significantly improve healthspan and longevity, suggesting a novel approach for aging interventions.

Commercial lutein is mainly extracted from marigold flowers, which is an inefficient process. Now a gram-per-litre-scale process for microbial production of lutein is reported using metabolically engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum. By integrating flux optimization, engineered cytochrome P450 enzymes, electron-channelling scaffolds and fermentation strategies, this approach provides a microbial platform for lutein biosynthesis.

Identifying the mechanisms underlying the early inflammatory phase of aortic valve disease is crucial for disease prevention. Here the authors perform single-cell RNA sequencing to show the immunomodulatory role of PPARγ in valvular endothelial cells during hyperlipidemia.

The cellular levels of the critical coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)⁺ depend on its salvage pathway. Here, the authors show that the NAD⁺ salvage pathway in hypothalamic astrocytes is activated to promote obesity in high fat diet-fed mice.