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Materials with room temperature phosphorescence have a range of potential applications, but when crystalline can be brittle and optically non-transparent. Here, the authors report the development of supramolecular glasses by evaporation-induced assembly, with high-temperature afterglow properties.

This study elucidates a mechanism in amyloid aggregates mediated by scarce β-strands that bridge adjacent β-sheets. This cross-β-strand linker shapes molecular packing and structural diversity, enabling aggregates to balance order and disorder.

Understanding the genetic factors that regulate panicle architecture is important for improving rice yields. In this study, Li et al. demonstrate that the gene PTB1is critical for regulating panicle seed setting rate and pollen tube growth.

The efficiency of selenium photovoltaics is hindered by the poor crystallization of the Se film. Wen, Li, Lu and colleagues use light to initiate Se crystallization, suppressing dewetting and enabling the formation of a continuous film, which achieves a certified efficiency of 10.3%.

Here the authors report that native amines react with α-halo acylsilanes to afford amides selectively with rapid kinetics. Enabled by a tandem silyl-migration/desilylation process, this amide ligation tolerates a wide range of unprotected polar functional groups and proceeds at diluted concentrations.

Photocatalysis holds promise for sustainable synthesis, but AI-driven reaction prediction is hindered by limited data. Here, the authors introduce PhotoCatDB, a comprehensive database of 26.7 K reactions, and develop PhotoCat, a transformer-based tool achieving high accuracy in photocatalytic reaction prediction, retrosynthesis, and condition recommendation, as well as experimentally validate the newly discovered photocatalytic reactions.

Uterine lining is receptive to an embryo during a specific period of the menstrual cycle, called the window of implantation. Here, Liu et al. construct a spatiotemporal atlas of human endometrium at single-cell resolution to decrypt the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying endometrial receptivity and the onset and closure of implantation window.

How did amphibious plants evolve the convergent strategy to escape submergence by fast shoot elongation? Yang et al. reveal the pivotal role of a cis-regulatory element in the PHYA promoter in promoting submergence-induced plastic growth of amphibious plants.

This research highlights the 3D printing of copper with tunable porosity via micro continuous liquid interface production and low-temperature sintering, forming 3D nanoporous networks with chemical reactivity and self-disintegration.

Developing bioorthogonal reactions that enable investigation of biological processes is an important aim in chemical biology. Here, the authors report the malononitrile addition to azodicarboxylate (MAAD) as a class of catalyst-free bioorthogonal reactions.

Infection with SARS-CoV-2 causes interstitial pneumonia and viral replication in the lungs of transgenic mice that express a human version of ACE2, confirming the pathogenicity of the virus in this model.

Continuous shape morphing for small robots can offer advantages, but it is difficult to perform tasks if they are not stiff enough. Xu et al. present here a design combining liquid crystal elastomers and shape memory polymers to lock morphable elements in place.

Red, green and blue organic field-effect light-emitting transistors in which charge-carrier transport and light emission are spatially separated to improve exciton management and device efficiency are reported.

Coupling between alkyl halides and alkynes is commonly performed via the Sonogoshira reaction or variants thereof, but unactivated tertiary alkyl halides have proven to be elusive partners. Here, the authors report the metal-free coupling of tertiary alkyl halides and terminal alkynes taking place in water.

Molecular engineering has increased the power conversion efficiency of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), surpassing that of regular PSCs. Here, the symmetric molecule (2-(pyren-2-yl)ethyl)phosphonic acid (pPy) enables long-range-ordered π–π stacking, enhancing charge transport. pPy films show face-on orientation and uniform distribution, yielding PSCs with power conversion efficiencies of 26.6%.

It is challenging to design machine learning potentials for heterogeneous catalysis that are universal, reactive and have high accuracy. Now, an element-based machine learning potential relying on a random exploration via an imaginary chemicals optimization sampling strategy is put forward, and is successfully demonstrated for a range of applications.

Sustained epigenetic silencing in monkeys is made more efficient with optimized regulators.

Electrophoretic deposition is a micropatterning method that utilizes suspension properties and kinetic parameters for film control. This Primer discusses innovative electrode design to enhance resolution and multimaterial integration, addresses limitations and suggests future optimization strategies across diverse applications.

A DNA matrix material potentiates humoral response through multiple administration routes, generating neutralizing antibodies and conferring robust protection against infection.

Synthesis of fully π-conjugated covalent organic frameworks (COFs) remains still challenging. Here, the authors propose a versatile synthesis method based on Knoevenagel polycondensation for the synthesis of vinylene-linked benzobisthiazole-based 2D COFs.

It is important to know how the recent COVID-19 pandemic shaped the immune memory against the causal SARS-CoV-2 virus. Here authors show that long years following mild disease at primary infection, SARSCoV-2 spike-specific CD4 + T cells with distinct phenotypes and T cell receptor clonotypes, associated with viral suppression persist.

Immunotherapy holds great potential, although strategies for durable responses against solid tumors are still needed. Here, the authors combine oncolytic virus (OV) engineering and reprogramming of the IL-18 pathway, showing that armed OVs expressing a decoy-resistant IL-18 elicit anti-tumor immunity and long-term immunological memory against multiple refractory tumors in mice.

SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to sustained increased macrophage numbers and formation of enlarged lipid-laden macrophages after viral clearance. This can be prevented with antiviral treatment in mice.

Visible-light integrated photonics enables compact optical systems for biosensing, quantum information, and atomic clocks. Here, authors demonstrate a vector spectrum analyzer with over an octave of bandwidth and MHz accuracy for broadband characterization of visible-light integrated devices.

A wax-aided immersion methodology is developed to yield graphene rolls with tunable chiral angles; these graphene rolls exhibit promising chiral electronic properties beyond those of other carbon allotropes.

All possible chemical transformations between amine and carboxylic acid groups are mapped using an automated string-based combinatorics method, showing that the properties and functions of the products vary considerably over all plausible reactions.

High-speed electrostatic micromotors with low energy consumption are attractive for small-scale electromechanical systems, but applications are limited by power supplies. Here the authors use a triboelectric nanogenerator for actuation of a high-speed micromotor by low-frequency mechanical stimuli.

Electrochromic materials are important for different optical applications but often these materials show low stability. Here, the authors demonstrate a stable donor-acceptor covalent organic framework which shows a stable dark-to-transmissive switching behaviour.

A soft mesh microelectrode array can seamlessly integrate in developing brains, enabling long-term, stable mapping of how single-neuron activity and population dynamics emerge and evolve during brain development.

Organic phosphorescence materials offer advantages for bioimaging applications, but most of them are excited exclusively by ultraviolet light, which poses risks to living organisms. Here, the author report doped materials with white-light activated phosphorescence activity, and a bioimaging mode in which these phosphorescent materials are first concentrated within the organism and then excited.

Assembly and analysis of a giant genome of 52.7 Gb, with the largest chromosome so far, and a smaller genome of 3.55 Gb, sheds light on the expansion, maintenance and higher-order chromatin structure of giant genome.

The challenges in reliably reproducing the quantum anomalous Hall effect have emerged as a major bottleneck for MnBi₂Te₄. Here, the authors develop a fabrication method to address this, paving the way for the fabrication of high-quality dissipationless topological transport devices.

Single-cell RNA sequencing, whole-exome sequencing and spatial transcriptome sequencing of gallbladder adenocarcinomas from 75 patients stratifies the disease into groups with distinct clinical outcomes.

This study explored genetic and temporal links between food liking and cardiometabolic diseases, identifying harmful (bacon, diet fizzy drinks) and protective (broccoli, pizza, lentils) traits linked via shared genetics and pleiotropic variants.

Here the authors identify a nuclear short form of IL-18 in cancer cells that can enhance NK cell activation to promote tumor elimination.

Genomic analyses of 2,191 global common wheat accessions and over 47,000 yellow rust (YR) response data points across several environments and pathogen races provide a genome-wide landscape of YR resistance genes and effective alleles.

Bimetallic zinc and gold porphyrin self-assembled into 2D nanosheets as nanoscale optoelectrodes. This design achieves exceptional photoelectric performance under visible one-photon and near-infrared two-photon excitation, enabling far-field optical modulation of single neurons.

Wenbo Ma and colleagues show that two effectors from the oomycete plant pathogen Phytophthora sojae suppress RNA silencing in plants by inhibiting the biogenesis of small RNAs. These findings show that some eukaryotic pathogens, like their prokaryotic and viral counterparts, have evolved virulence proteins that target host RNA silencing processes to promote infection.

The decidualization of endometrial stroma is critical for pregnancy maintenance. Here the authors reveal that Menin ensures the expression of PTX3 through H3K4me3 modification, to balance the BMP and FGF signal in the decidua for normal pregnancy.

Soft robots are challenging to model and program. Non-specialists face non-negligible obstacles when working with soft robots to perform tasks. Here, the authors propose a method to interactively teach soft robots complex motions through flexible touchless and tactile multimodal sensors.

Disorder crystallization of perovskite and unbalanced charge extraction limit the performance of perovskite solar cells. Here, the authors develop self-polymerizing additive to form monolithic perovskite grains with mortise-tenon structure, achieving efficiency over 24% and long device stability.

The selective degradation of mitochondria by autophagy is essential for cell homeostasis. Here, Nan et al show that the effector protein BipD, secreted by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is able to modulate host mitophagy to promote its survival.