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Incorporation of deuterium into small molecules in the place of hydrogens can alter the properties of the molecule in ways that provide benefits without affecting the core function of the molecule. Here, the authors report a ring-opening deuteration of cyclic alkanes via biphosphonium photocatalysis.

Ferroptotic propagation aggravates kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury and causes delayed graft function. Here, the authors show that inhibiting lactate shuttle and AARS1-mediated NPM1 lactylation protects graft function by blocking ferroptotic waves.

The high-throughput identification of cross-linking peptides is challenging. Here, the authors developed an enrichable and cleavable latent bioreactive unnatural amino acid eFSY, and a software AixUaa to improve the cross-linking peptides indentification in live cells.

A DNA matrix material potentiates humoral response through multiple administration routes, generating neutralizing antibodies and conferring robust protection against infection.

Developing a generalizable method for blocking and rescuing tryptophan (Trp) interactions would enable the gain-of-function manipulation of various Trp-containing proteins but has so far been challenging. Now a genetically encoded N¹-vinyl-caged Trp capable of rapid and bioorthogonal decaging enables site-specific activation of Trp on a protein of interest within living cells.

This study shows that protein kinase A (PKA) drives bone lesions in fibrous dysplasia and that targeting it in mouse models reduces disease severity, highlighting PKA as a promising therapeutic target for fibrous dysplasia.

Free-standing nanoparticle superlattices offer interesting possibilities for the design of devices free from undesired effects of substrates. DNA can now be used to obtain superlattices with control over interparticle spacing, offering an alternative perspective on the synthesis of nanoparticle solids.

Few-layer-thick 2D materials offer desirable electronic, thermal and mechanical properties, but their large-scale layer-controlled synthesis is still challenging. Here, the authors report an edge-feeding synchronous epitaxial growth method to synthesize homogeneous A3-sized graphene films with controlled thickness between 2 and 7 layers.

Anion exchange membrane water electrolysis is a promising technology for H₂ production using precious metal-free catalysts, but certain hurdles persist for its broad deployment such as the operational stability of its anode catalyst. Now a seed-assisted heterogeneous nucleation method is put forward to prepare a NiFe catalyst with high activity and a stability of over 21 months at 1 A cm⁻².

Li et al. perform a phase 2 single-arm clinical trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus checkpoint blockade in participants with resectable muscle-invasive bladder cancer and conduct genomic and transcriptomic profiling to describe molecular subtypes.

In this paper, the authors report the directed-evolution of translation systems that allow the incorporation of unnatural amino acids with similar efficiency to natural amino acids and the construction of synthetic auxotroph in a generalizable way.

The acetylene hydrogenation activity and stability of a palladium single-atom catalyst are both controlled by the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the oxide support.

Orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pairs are crucial for the incorporation of unnatural amino acids in a site-specific manner. Here the authors use rational chimera design to create multiple efficient pairs that function in bacterial and mammalian systems for genetic code expansion.

Functional and length-tunable lipid mimics are computationally designed and co-translationally incorporated into protein in living systems for the gain-of-function study of protein lipidation and the creation of therapeutic candidates.

Small cell cervical carcinoma (SCCC) is a rare but aggressive malignancy. Here, the authors report human papillomavirus features and genomic landscape in SCCC via high-throughput sequencing methods and identify MYC, SOX, NR4A, ANKRD and CEA family genes as HPV-integrated hotspots.

The controlled fabrication and microscopic understanding of quantum emitters in 2D materials remain challenging. Here, the authors report the production and characterization of defects in monolayer WS₂ via cathodoluminescence electron microscopy, identifying sulfur vacancy pairs as bright and stable emitters at 660 nm.

Active species such as hydrogen and oxygen are commonly introduced into reactors to control the growth of two-dimensional materials. Now, the presence of fluorine—released by the decomposition of a metal fluoride sheet—has also been shown to modulate the growth kinetics of graphene, h-BN and WS₂.

Electrocatalytic urea synthesis is an emerging alternative technology to the traditional urea synthesis protocol. Here, a CuWO₄ catalyst with native bimetallic sites achieves efficient co-reduction of carbon dioxide and nitrate to urea by stabilizing intermediates of *NO₂ and *CO for C–N coupling.

 Centimetre-sized single-crystal rhombohedral boron nitride layers are achieved through bevel-edge epitaxy, and the resulting material exhibits robust, homogeneous and switchable ferroelectricity with a high Curie temperature.

Ding Ma, Hui Wang, Xun Xu and colleagues report a genome-wide map of HPV integration sites in cervical cancer samples and cell lines. In addition to discovering new integration hot spots, the authors identify microhomology-mediated DNA repair as a likely mechanism by which HPV integrates into the human genome.

Technical advancements have significantly improved early diagnosis of cervical cancer, but accurate diagnosis is still difficult due to various practical factors. Here, the authors develop an artificial intelligence assistive diagnostic solution to improve cervical liquid-based thin-layer cell smear diagnosis according to clinical TBS criteria in a large multicenter study.

Arabinogalactan RN1 displays potent anti-pancreatic-cancer activity; however, the structure–activity relationship of RN1 is unclear. Now the synthesis of RN1 and a library of glycans are reported, using an iterative preactivation-based one-pot glycosylation strategy. Biological analysis reveals that a decasaccharide is the active structural domain of RN1.

Wearable resistive sensors for biometrics and machine interfacing are often non-specific. Here the authors report on the creation of hierarchically resistive skins for monitoring physical or physiological activities around the throat which, with the use of neural networking, can be used to distinguish different activities.

In this paper, the authors discovered and validated aminoacylated lysine ubiquitination and its writer using the genetic code expansion strategy. This non-lysine ubiquitination assembled by UBE2W can mediate rapid protein and proteome degradation.

The ratio of tumour area to metastatic lymph node area (T/MLN) is a clinical indicator that can improve prognosis prediction of gastric cancer. Here, the authors use machine learning on whole slide images to generate a method that can predict metastatic lymph nodes and obtain T/MLN.

Coal–biomass co-firing power plants with retrofitted carbon capture and storage are seen as a promising decarbonization solution for coal-dominant energy systems. Framework with spatially explicit biomass sources, plants and geological storage sites demonstrate its effectiveness in China.

Multi-omics analysis of canine aging uncovers aging-related cell populations & markers, identifies Penitrem A & UDP-N-acetylglucosamine as metabolic hallmarks, & demonstrates MSCs overexpressing NMNAT1 can delay or reverse aging in dogs.

The epitaxial growth of large single-crystal hexagonal boron nitride monolayers on low-symmetry copper foils is demonstrated.