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Intra-urban inequality scales super-linearly with city size. Analyzing over 11,000 cities globally, this study reveals that a doubling in population exacerbates spatial disparities in thermal, green space, and economic exposure by 8-9%.

This study shows that reduced Mll5 impairs microglial phagocytosis via TREM2- SGK3-GSK3β signaling, causing ASD-like behaviors in mice, while lithium chloride was shown to rescue deficits.

Arginine addiction induced by argininosuccinate synthase (ASSN1) deficiency has been exploited to treat ASS1-deficient cancers. Here, the authors show an alternative therapeutic approach where ASS1 activity is increased by the pesticide spinosyn A and is shown to inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation.

Perovskite–silicon solar cells rely on buffer layers that avoid damaging the perovskite, but common tin-oxide layers force thicker transport layers that increase optical loss. The authors replace this layer with thermally evaporated antimony oxide, enabling thinner C₆₀ and higher-efficiency perovskite–silicon solar cells.

A metal-ion-assisted RNA folding technique is used to modulate the mechanical interactions between RNA nanoparticles and cell membranes for improved protein expression and mRNA therapy.

Reducing critical materials such as indium and silver is of high importance for photovoltaics. Yu et al. demonstrate a certified 25.94% efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cell replacing part of indium-based electrodes with undoped tin oxide and using copper for contacts.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a complex condition with varied definitions. Using unbiased clustering, the study identifies two distinct subtypes with markedly different 30-day mortality risks and highlights key determinants.

While neoadjuvant chemotherapy can improve outcomes in patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma, resistance often develops. Here, the authors identify elevated INCENP and CDCA8 via YTHDF3 mediated translation as markers of poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in esophageal squamous carcinoma.

The integration of organic and enzymatic synthesis enhances molecule construction efficiency. Here, the authors present ChemEnzyRetroPlanner, an AI-driven platform for automated hybrid synthesis planning, improving synthesis route efficiency and sustainability.

Focal cortical dysplasia type II causes epileptic seizures and is associated with various types of neuronal abnormalities. This study uses patient tissue transcriptomics and animal models to reveal that vascular malformations are a key part of the pathology by creating ischemic-hypoxic microenvironments.

This study uncovers genetic links between plant roots and their microbiome in Brassica napus, identifying microbe-associated loci and a beneficial bacterium, Sphingopyxis, that promotes nitrogen uptake.

Genome assemblies for the SunUp transgenic papaya and its progenitor Sunset identify three transgene-insertions in SunUp. Resequencing of 86 papaya genomes highlights the impacts of breeding and geographic origin.

This study presents a plausible emissions scenario aligned with China’s net-zero path, with CO₂ peaking in concentration by 2062 and net-zero in emissions by 2072. It projects 2.01 °C warming by 2100, with potential to stabilize below 2 °C after 2100.

Thermogenic proteins like PGC1α are downregulated under thermal stress, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, the authors show that chaperone-mediated autophagy, regulated by PARK7, controls PGC1α stability and BAT function at thermoneutrality.

Ribonucleoprotein aggresomes exclude ribonucleases and protect mRNA to promote rapid translation reactivation and cellular recovery after stress alleviation in Escherichia coli.

The efficiency of nonlinear optical processes in 2D materials is often reduced by weak light-matter interactions and crystal symmetry constraints. Here, the authors report the enhancement of classical second-harmonic generation in hexagonal boron nitride and quantum spontaneous parametric down-conversion in NbOCl₂ flakes by combining them with Au or SiO₂/Au substrates.

Three-dimensional architecture engineering allows for higher performance ceramics with more diverse applications. Here, the authors report a simple and efficient manufacturing process for cellular ceramics in programmed cell-based 3D configurations.

Phosphorus is vital for permafrost ecosystems. Here, the authors combine soil resampling with a modified process-balanced model to assess the historical changes of soil phosphorus and the key flows of phosphorus across the Tibetan permafrost region.

Aberrant hypertranscription in cells can affect development and disease. Here, the authors show that DNA topoisomerase I prevents hypertranscription; not through its catalytic function, but through a DNA binding mechanism.

Reframing of arousal as a latent dynamical system can reconstruct multidimensional measurements of large-scale spatiotemporal brain dynamics on the timescale of seconds in mice.

Achieving successful in vivo cartilage regeneration remains challenging. Here they present a cell-free, multiple hydrogen-bond crosslinked hydrogel loaded with tannic acid and Kartogenin with ultra-durable mechanical properties and stage-dependent drug release behavior to promote cartilage regeneration.

Topochemical polymerization (TCP) emerges as a leading approach for synthesizing single crystalline polymers, but the untapped potential of performing TCP in a liquid medium with solid-state structural fidelity presents unsolved challenges. Here, the authors reveal details of single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation during the TCP of chiral azaquinodimethane monomers through in situ crystallographic analysis while spotlighting a rare metastable crystalline phase.

Sequencing of haploid sugarcane, Saccharum spontaneum, allows assembly of a prototypical version of the sugarcane chromosome set. This new reference genome will serve as a resource to accelerate sugarcane improvement.

High-resolution pulse shaping is highly sought after, but existing systems are impractical outside of laboratory settings. Here, the authors introduce a chip-scale spectral shaper that uses high-Q microresonator filter banks and inline phase control to manipulate lines at GHz-level spacing.

Developing heat-resistant dielectric polymers for electrification is challenging due to the inverse relationship between thermal stability and electrical insulation. Using a machine learning-driven approach, the researchers identify and validate high-performance polymers that demonstrate promising thermal resilience and energy density for high-temperature applications.

Combining studies of star formation rates with studies of cloud–magnetic field alignment has revealed that magnetic fields are a primary regulator of star formation. Perpendicular alignment inhibits star formation, whereas parallel alignment facilitates it.

CD47 is expressed on tumour cells and binds to SIRPα, expressed on myeloid cells, preventing phagocytosis. Here, the authors show that injection of tumour cells lacking CD47, or cells coated with an anti-CD47 antibody, into mice mounts a strong immune response, resulting in a reduction in tumour growth.

Wang et al. propose EasIFA, an efficient enzyme active site annotation algorithm, to advance various fields including drug discovery, disease research, enzyme engineering, and synthetic biology.

Metastasis is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Here, the authors report a pro-metastatic role of PRAK in breast cancer lung metastasis via a mechanism involving enhanced HIF-1α translation, and propose PRAK targeting as a strategy to treat metastasis.

Promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) is the scaffolding protein that organizes PML nuclear bodies. Here the authors determine the crystal structure of a PML B1-box multimer and characterise the oligomerisation behaviour of the PML RBCC construct and show that disrupting B1-B1 interactions precludes promyelocytic leukemia leukemogenesis in transgenic mice.

A photonic Terahertz source based on injection-locking an integrated dual-laser chip generates and transmits a 131 Gbps THz signal over 10.7-m distance, showing great potential towards fully integrated and energy-efficient THz transmitters for 6G.

There is a critical crack thickness in the production of thin films. Here, the authors utilize the surface tension of the liquid to eliminate the stresses within the film and produce ceramic layers with a controllable thickness and shape.

Mechanistic profiling of a soil-derived anthraquinone reveals potent anti-MRSA activity via membrane disruption, metabolic collapse, and FabF targeting, supporting its potential for treating drug-resistant infections and environmental contamination.

Molecular design is key to the power conversion efficiency in organic photovoltaics. Jiang, Sun, Xu et al. develop a non-fullerene acceptor with asymmetric structure and phenyl-substituted side chains that minimizes photon and carrier losses, enabling 20.2% efficiency.

High-entropy alloy nanoparticles (HEA-NPs) are emerging advanced oxidation processes catalysts. Here, authors successfully load HEA-NPs onto a carbon-based carrier and demonstrate enhanced PMS activation, low oxidant consumption, and a rapid and efficient pollutant removal process.

Mechanical stiffness and self-healing properties are difficult to combine in synthetic hydrogels. Using polymer entanglements in co-planar nanoconfinement, stiff and self-healing hydrogels are fabricated, with applications in biology and engineering.