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Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a foodborne pathogen where therapeutic antibiotic treatment can release toxins and disrupt gut microbiota. Here the authors demonstrate a therapeutic strategy where an engineered Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 limits the glucuronic acid utilization by EHEC.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

ARID1A is an epigenetic regulator mutated in approximately 5% of non-hypermutated colorectal cancer tumors, however, its relationship with treatment response remains to be explored. Here, the authors suggest that ARID1A mutations may confer intrinsic and acquired resistance to cetuximab treatment.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Deep understanding of mechanisms of resistance to active therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer is crucial for developing more effective treatments. Here, the authors investigate the genomic landscape of 254 patients receiving anti-VEGF and anti-EGFR treatment, identify potential therapeutic vulnerabilities and suggest combination therapies.

Hanging Coffins were a mortuary tradition practiced in southern China and Southeast Asia. Here, the authors show that different groups of ancient Hanging Coffin practitioners are genetically related, and that they are ancestors of present-day Bo people.

The high cost of Pt severely limits fuel cell deployment, but alternative Pt-free catalysts suffer from a low activity and, especially, durability. Now, a low-Pt-content catalyst consisting of Pt and Fe single atoms, dispersed on a nitrogen-doped carbon matrix, and Pt–Fe nanoparticles is shown to exhibit excellent activity and durability in fuel cells.

Modifying Pt surfaces with highly oxophilic metals can increase the hydrogen evolution and oxidation performance in alkaline media, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Now, it is demonstrated that the activity improvement of Ru-modified Pt mainly originates from the strain and electronic effects rather than an alternative bifunctional mechanism.

Tailoring the composition of organic cations enables manipulating the recombination rates of perovskites. Optimized solution-processed perovskite emitters fabricated on silicon exhibit up to 42.6-MHz modulation bandwidth and 50-Mbps data rate.

Energy-level mismatches and defects at the inorganic perovskite/fullerene interface limit the performance of solar cells. Now Li et al. address these issues with a dipolar molecule, enabling the use of wide-bandgap inorganic perovskites in all-perovskite tandem cells.

Here the authors show that DNA damage induced RNA m5C in R-loops competes with PARP1- mediated PARylation in transcribed genomes to promote cell survival which could be targeted be in cancer therapy.

Current light-inducible Cre-loxP systems have minimal capacity for deep tissue penetration. Here, the authors present a far-red light-induced split Cre-loxP system for in vivo genome engineering.

Rice-infecting arboviruses adopt convergent strategies to overcome host defenses. Here, the authors show that viral proteins from distinct rice viruses boost OsTSN1 nuclease activity to suppress rice antiviral RNA decay immune response through promoting its phase separation and multimerization.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is characterized by rapid deterioration of liver function in patients with chronic liver disease. Here, the authors show that BTLA expression in CD4⁺ T cells is associated with disease severity and inflammation in hepatitis B virus-related ACLF.

Plant DNA virus replication is inhibited by autophagy, but the interplay between plant RNA viruses and autophagy is less clear. Here, Li et al. show that turnip mosaic virus infection activates autophagy and that Beclin1, a core autophagy component, binds the viral polymerase and inhibits virus replication.

Activation of osteogenic cells is essential for bone regeneration. Here, the authors screen a peptide library and identify 2 compounds that promote osteogenic progenitor cell differentiation in vitro, and show that they increase bone formation and fracture repair in mice.

Aberrant expression of Synaptonemal complex protein 2 (SYCP2) in breast and ovarian cancers is associated with resistance to drugs targeting the DNA damage response. Here the authors show that SYCP2 confers drug resistance by promoting R-loop formation during transcription-coupled homologous recombination.

A γδ T cell–IL-3 signalling axis is defined that controls the allergen responsiveness of cutaneous sensory neurons, leading to evidence for an immune rheostat that governs sensory neuronal responses to allergens on first exposure.

Individual SNPs have small effects on anthropometric traits, yet the impact of CNVs has remained largely unknown. Here, Kutalik and co-workers perform a large-scale genome-wide meta-analysis of structural variation and find rare CNVs associated with height, weight and BMI with large effect sizes.

Antifungal produced by Fusarium perithecium bacterium Pantoea agglomerans is a promising drug lead.

Dopamine axons projecting from the ventral tegmental area to the nucleus accumbens (mesoaccumbens axons) play a role in motivation. Tthe authors show that there are distinct microdomains releasing either dopamine or glutamate within individual mesoaccumbens axons in rats and mice.

We developed multi-bishelled cobalt-based nanospheres with each bi-shelled structure consisting of symmetric heterogeneous configuration. This architecture features sufficient heterointerfaces and a high density of active sites benefiting from interfacial electronic modulation. When they worked as OER electrocatalysts in CO₂ electrolysis, the electrochemical performance of Pd nanosheets (NSs) for CO₂ reduction can be significantly enhanced in terms of product selectivity and energy input.

Earth-abundant halide perovskites are the state-of-the-art absorbers for photovoltaic devices, but their successful commercial use is hampered by phase instabilities that lead to inactivation. This Review examines how to enhance phase stability through the use of in operando analysis and the opportunities for continued material development.

Morphometric analyses of hominid teeth from Early to Middle Pleistocene Java reveal that Meganthropus was a Pleistocene Indonesian hominid distinct from Pongo, Gigantopithecus and Homo, and that molars previously assigned to Homo erectus are more likely to belong to Meganthropus.

Geminiviruses are small plant-infecting viruses. Here the authors screen the geminivirus genome for small open reading frames that may have been previously overlooked and show that one encodes a protein named V3 that localizes to the Golgi and acts as an RNA silencing suppressor.

The authors link neuronal expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase to amyloid pathology and cognitive dysfunction in preclinical models of Alzheimer’s disease.

The graphene aerogel (GA) cathode has unique properties with a hierarchically porous structure that facilitates electrolyte permeation and oxygen diffusion, three-dimensional network structures that can enable easy electron transfer through GA, high specific surface area that offers abundant active sites for electrochemical reaction and an ultra-large pore volume that can accommodate plenty of discharge products. Ru nanoparticles supported on graphene sheets also has superior catalytic activity toward oxygen evolution reaction and can efficiently catalyze the decomposition of the discharge product Li₂O₂.